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  <session.header>
    <date>2026-02-09</date>
    <parliament.no>3</parliament.no>
    <session.no>1</session.no>
    <period.no>0</period.no>
    <chamber>House of Reps</chamber>
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    <proof>1</proof>
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            <a href="Chamber" type="">Monday, 9 February 2026</a>
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          <span class="HPS-Normal">
            <span style="font-weight:bold;">The SPEAKER (</span>
            <span style="font-weight:bold;">Hon.</span>
            <span style="font-weight:bold;">
            </span>
            <span style="font-weight:bold;">Milton Dick</span>
            <span style="font-weight:bold;">) </span>took the chair at 10:00, made an acknowledgement of country and read prayers.</span>
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    <debate><debateinfo>
        <title>COMMITTEES</title>
        <page.no>1</page.no>
        <type>COMMITTEES</type>
      </debateinfo><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Petitions Committee</title>
          <page.no>1</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><subdebate.2><subdebateinfo>
            <title>Report</title>
            <page.no>1</page.no>
          </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>10:01</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms BELYEA</name>
    <name.id>309484</name.id>
    <electorate>Dunkley</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I present the sixth report of the Petitions Committee for the 48th Parliament.</para>
<para class="italic"> <inline font-style="italic">The report read as follows—</inline></para>
<quote><para class="block">HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">PETITIONS COMMITTEE</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">REPORT No. 06</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">Petitions and Ministerial Responses</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">9 February 2026</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">MEMBERS OF THE COMMITTEE</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">Chair Ms Jodie Belyea MP</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">Deputy Chair Mr Leon Rebello MP</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">Mr Cameron Caldwell MP</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">Ms Emma Comer MP</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">Ms Trish Cook MP</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">Mr Rowan Holzberger MP</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">Mr Llew O'Brien MP</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">Ms Tracey Roberts MP</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">This committee is supported by staff of the Department of the House of Representatives</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">Report summarising the petitions and ministerial responses being presented.</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">The committee met in private session in the 48th Parliament on 28 October, 4 November, 25 November, 18 December 2025 and 3 February 2026.</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">1. The committee resolved to present the following 241 petitions in accordance with standing order 207:</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block"> <inline font-style="italic">Petitions certified on 28 October 2025</inline></para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 11 petitioners—requesting a national program to accelerate fusion energy development (EN7567)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 4 petitioners—requesting a national strategy for fusion energy development (EN7568)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 4 petitioners—requesting a national program to develop fusion energy for defence and national security (EN7569)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 5 petitioners—requesting a national program to support fusion energy research and industry partnerships (EN7570)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 6 petitioners—requesting prioritisation of fusion energy development over fission-based nuclear technologies (EN7571)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 9 petitioners—requesting assistance for a family to relocate from Gaza to Australia (EN8483)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 59 petitioners—requesting stronger accountability measures for fraud under the National Disability Insurance Scheme (EN8485)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 26 petitioners—requesting a parliamentary inquiry into the safety of the Roblox platform (EN8486)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 13 petitioners—requesting measures to deter corporate wrongdoing (EN8488)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 49 petitioners—requesting legislative protections for participants in the National Disability Insurance Scheme (EN8490)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 29 petitioners—requesting changes to parliamentary eligibility requirements (EN8491)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 97 petitioners—requesting changes to legislation relating to digital identity (EN8492)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 10 petitioners—requesting development of a national population plan (EN8493)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 44054 petitioners—requesting changes to social media minimum age restrictions (EN8494)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 1262 petitioners—requesting review of organisational partnerships and practices at the national broadcaster (EN8495)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 5 petitioners—requesting changes to government housing assistance and property tax policies (EN8497)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 22 petitioners—requesting changes to the electoral system (EN8500)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 10 petitioners—requesting changes to the electoral system (EN8501)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 181 petitioners—requesting amendment of National Medal eligibility (EN8505)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 52 petitioners—requesting restrictions on property ownership (EN8506)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 11 petitioners—requesting review of regulations relating to high-risk medical research (EN8508)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 20 petitioners—requesting public financial reporting by not-for-profit organisations receiving government support (EN8509)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 194 petitioners—requesting imposition of sanctions on Israel (EN8510)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 1833 petitioners—requesting changes to digital identity legislation (EN8511)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 11 petitioners—requesting expanded eligibility for subsidised continuous glucose monitoring (EN8514)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 9 petitioners—requesting removal of visa requirements for Papua New Guinea citizens visiting Australia (EN8515)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 27 petitioners—requesting reforms to housing policy (EN8518)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 24 petitioners—requesting equal minimum wage for minors and adults (EN8522)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 227 petitioners—requesting investigation into the activities of certain groups and individuals (EN8523)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 806 petitioners—requesting changes to trade and sanctions policy relating to Israel (EN8524)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 89 petitioners—regarding concerns relating to digital identity policy (EN8525)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 27 petitioners—requesting support for mental health consultations under Medicare (EN8526)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 31 petitioners—requesting termination of the AUKUS agreement (EN8527)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 14 petitioners—requesting access to superannuation funds for first home buyers (EN8529)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 10 petitioners—requesting changes to the implementation of major policy decisions (EN8530)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 37 petitioners—regarding concerns relating to the work of the Ex-Service Organisations Round Table (EN8532)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 3 petitioners—requesting a framework to improve accountability and timelines in bank loan applications (EN8533)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 36 petitioners—requesting disclosure of political party and independent preference allocations before federal elections (EN8537)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 8 petitioners—requesting adjustment of residency requirements for permanent visa eligibility (EN8538)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 82 petitioners—requesting a particular group to be designated a terrorist organisation (EN8540)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 144 petitioners—regarding educator to child ratios in early childhood education (EN8543)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 9 petitioners—regarding restrictions on superannuation rollovers (EN8544)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 1244 petitioners—requesting a ban on Sharia law (EN8545)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 193 petitioners—requesting removal of social media age limit restrictions (EN8548)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 694 petitioners—requesting introduction of paid leave entitlements for pregnancy loss before 20 weeks gestation (EN8549)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 30 petitioners—requesting a ban on the use of artificial intelligence in creative industries (EN8550)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 25 petitioners—requesting changes to laws regarding crime and visa status (EN8552)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 10 petitioners—requesting restoration of a 10-year renewable treaty framework for the Joint Defence Facility Pine Gap (EN8554)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 13 petitioners—regarding amendments to migration review processes (EN8556)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 60 petitioners—requesting a review of tobacco excise taxes (EN8557)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 46 petitioners—requesting reconsideration of social media age limit restrictions (EN8559)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 34 petitioners—requesting cessation of immigration (EN8561)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 33 petitioners—requesting a particular group to be designated a terrorist organisation (EN8562)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 47 petitioners—requesting removal of the eSafety Commissioner (EN8565)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 31 petitioners—requesting amendments to the National Disability Insurance Scheme assessment process (EN8567)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 28 petitioners—regarding the Business Innovation and Investment Program (EN8569)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 5589 petitioners—requesting an inquiry into the proposed plan for National Disability Insurance Scheme support needs assessments (EN8570)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 66 petitioners—requesting withdrawal from international organisations (EN8571)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 245 petitioners—requesting establishment of a national framework to criminalise coercive control against children (EN8573)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 105 petitioners—requesting review of amendments to veterans' legislation (EN8575)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 6 petitioners—requesting research into service-related medical conditions for veterans (EN8576)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 1348 petitioners—requesting removal of social media age limit restrictions (EN8577)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 37 petitioners—requesting reconsideration of the decision to deny entry to a commentator (EN8579)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 186 petitioners—requesting a vote of no confidence in the Prime Minister (EN8580)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 13 petitioners—requesting reinstatement of health fund benefits and Medicare rebates for intravitreal injections (EN8581)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 24 petitioners—requesting prohibition of conscription for overseas military service (EN8582)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 97 petitioners—requesting repatriation of temporary visa holders (EN8583)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 21901 petitioners—requesting removal of social media age limit restrictions (EN8584)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 72 petitioners—requesting implementation of random drug and alcohol testing for all government employees (EN8587)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 690 petitioners—requesting abolition of negative gearing and capital gains tax discounts on property assets (EN8590)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block"> <inline font-style="italic">Petitions certified on 4 November 2025</inline></para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 31 petitioners—requesting free mental health support for mothers in the first year after birth (EN8592)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 8 petitioners—requesting clarity on internships and action on unpaid placements (EN8595)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 2355 petitioners—requesting changes to social media age limit restrictions (EN8597)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 80 petitioners—requesting permission for veterans to record medical examinations (EN8598)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 29 petitioners—requesting reforms to strengthen government accountability (EN8600)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 426 petitioners—requesting extended health care card eligibility for young people with chronic conditions (EN8602)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 28 petitioners—requesting diplomatic action to address violence against Christians in Nigeria (EN8603)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 38 petitioners—regarding exemption from tax for certain individuals (EN8604)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 53 petitioners—requesting restrictions on surveillance practices by social media companies (EN8605)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 108 petitioners—requesting changes to eligibility for politicians based on birthplace (EN8608)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 3113 petitioners—requesting review of laws and policies involving personal freedoms (EN8610)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 232 petitioners—requesting action against disinformation (EN8613)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 162 petitioners—requesting improved access and funding for endometriosis care (EN8614)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 48 petitioners—requesting a sovereign wealth fund and changes to resource taxation (EN8618)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 13 petitioners—requesting simplified submission requirements for veterans' entitlements (EN8619)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 53 petitioners—requesting increased financial support for regional students in higher education (EN8620)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 193 petitioners—requesting removal of the eSafety Commissioner (EN8621)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 258 petitioners—requesting restrictions on generative artificial intelligence (EN8622)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block"> <inline font-style="italic">Petitions certified on 25 November 2025</inline></para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 6 petitioners—requesting consideration of a national program to support fusion energy development (EN7572)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 7 petitioners—requesting establishment of a national fusion education and training initiative (EN7573)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 4 petitioners—requesting consideration of a national fusion energy development program (EN7574)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 5 petitioners—requesting implementation of a national fusion energy program (EN7575)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 4 petitioners—requesting establishment of a national fusion energy development program focused on defence applications (EN7576)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 4 petitioners—requesting increased annual funding from the Medical Research Future Fund (EN8623)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 11 petitioners—requesting clarification about proposed changes to parliamentary arrangements (EN8628)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 18 petitioners—requesting changes to compulsory voting requirements (EN8630)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 19 petitioners—requesting amendments to the <inline font-style="italic">Veterans' Entitlements Act 1986 </inline>to specify timeframes for certain decisions (EN8633)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 10 petitioners—requesting changes to criminal jurisdiction and oversight arrangements for Australian Defence Force members (EN8636)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 19 petitioners—requesting clarification of decision-making processes at the Department of Home Affairs (EN8637)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 8 petitioners—requesting changes to social media age limit restrictions (EN8638)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 6 petitioners—requesting changes to social media age limit restrictions (EN8640)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 10 petitioners—requesting removal of social media age limit restrictions (EN8643)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 3 petitioners—requesting changes to social media age limit restrictions (EN8648)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 12 petitioners—requesting changes to social media age limit restrictions (EN8650)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 74 petitioners—requesting national coverage of ambulance costs under public health funding (EN8658)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 260 petitioners—requesting national reforms to animal welfare policy (EN8660)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 8 petitioners—requesting review of immigration processes (EN8662)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 22 petitioners—requesting exemption of overtime earnings from taxation (EN8666)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 3 petitioners—requesting humanitarian measures and migration pathways for Sudanese families (EN8669)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 12 petitioners—requesting increased humanitarian assistance and international advocacy in relation to conflict in Sudan (EN8671)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 7 petitioners—requesting international and humanitarian actions in response to conflict in Sudan (EN8672)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 11 petitioners—requesting changes to the status of the Northern Territory (EN8673)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 10 petitioners—requesting prohibition of single-use plastic water bottles (EN8674)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 19 petitioners—requesting review of banking practices relating to customer access to personal funds (EN8675)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 58 petitioners—requesting reforms to registration requirements for migration agents (EN8676)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 3 petitioners—requesting changes to social media age limit restrictions (EN8677)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 50 petitioners—requesting reforms to the child support system (EN8679)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 8 petitioners—requesting changes to social media age limit restrictions (EN8683)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 8 petitioners—regarding communications relating to information about native wildlife (EN8686)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 6 petitioners—requesting changes to social media age limit restrictions (EN8688)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 29 petitioners—requesting reconsideration of social media age limit restrictions and development of alternative online safety measures (EN8689)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 1863 petitioners—requesting oversight and privacy safeguards relating to the Australian Centre for Disease Control (EN8691)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 2 petitioners—requesting removal of social media age limit restrictions (EN8692)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 3 petitioners—requesting changes to social media age limit restrictions (EN8693)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 6 petitioners—requesting penalties for social media platforms that knowingly host fraudulent advertising (EN8696)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 17 petitioners—requesting changes to eligibility for public health funding for people in custody (EN8698)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 23 petitioners—requesting review of social media age limit restrictions (EN8699)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 30 petitioners—requesting the removal of social media age limit restrictions (EN8700)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 5 petitioners—requesting increased funding for national defence (EN8702)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 14 petitioners—requesting increased funding for national defence capability (EN8703)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 4 petitioners—requesting removal of restrictions on import and export of certain cultural items (EN8704)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 25 petitioners—requesting changes to electricity billing arrangements relating to supply charges (EN8706)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 15 petitioners—requesting cessation of funding for the national public broadcaster (EN8713)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 30 petitioners—requesting updated standards to prohibit use of generative artificial intelligence in media and government communication (EN8715)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 31 petitioners—requesting changes to social media age limit restrictions (EN8716)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 23 petitioners—requesting changes to social media age limit restrictions (EN8717)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 35 petitioners—requesting action to address extremist activity and strengthen counter-extremism measures (EN8718)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 880 petitioners—requesting removal of co-payments for aged care services (EN8720)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 6 petitioners—requesting approval for provision of Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme medicines at a specified pharmacy location (EN8721)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 115 petitioners—requesting removal of social media age limit restrictions (EN8722)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 21 petitioners—requesting implementation of a national irrigation and development scheme (EN8723)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 11 petitioners—requesting changes to social media age limit restrictions (EN8724)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 7 petitioners—requesting inquiry into communication practices of insurance companies (EN8725)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 17 petitioners—requesting changes to social media age limit restrictions (EN8729)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 15 petitioners—requesting cancellation of a visa for an individual (EN8731)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 362 petitioners—requesting changes to calling practices used by the National Disability Insurance Scheme (EN8735)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 7 petitioners—requesting improved employment arrangements for disability support workers (EN8737)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 7 petitioners—requesting improved support for people with functional neurological disorder in healthcare settings (EN8738)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 25 petitioners—requesting changes to social media age limit restrictions (EN8739)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 21 petitioners—requesting opposition to hosting a large-scale international event (EN8740)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 200 petitioners—requesting creation of a national regulatory framework for social work (EN8742)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 110 petitioners—requesting national reforms to address technology-facilitated abuse (EN8743)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 33 petitioners—requesting reconsideration of a visa for an individual (EN8744)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 20 petitioners—requesting reforms to family law procedures and oversight mechanisms (EN8746)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 198 petitioners—requesting prioritisation of processing for Permanent Residence (Skilled Regional) visa (subclass 191) applications (EN8747)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 115 petitioners—requesting automated or expedited processing systems for Permanent Residence (Skilled Regional) visa (subclass 191) applications (EN8748)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 285 petitioners—requesting changes to social media age limit restrictions (EN8749)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 35 petitioners—requesting changes to taxation thresholds (EN8750)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 115 petitioners—requesting reforms to the child support system (EN8752)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 3353 petitioners—requesting changes to social media age limit restrictions (EN8754)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block"> <inline font-style="italic">Petitions certified on 18 December 2025</inline></para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 3 petitioners—requesting consideration of a national approach to fusion energy development (EN7577)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 1 petitioner—requesting a national approach to fusion energy development for shipbuilding (EN7578)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 1 petitioner—requesting a national approach to fusion energy development for maritime propulsion (EN7579)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 1 petitioner—requesting a national approach to fusion energy development to support skilled migration (EN7580)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 1 petitioner—requesting a national approach to fusion energy development for housing (EN7581)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 4 petitioners—requesting support for the processing of a labour agreement application (EN8761)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 161 petitioners—requesting inclusion of a provision to prevent reductions in veterans' compensation during legislative harmonisation (EN8762)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 151 petitioners—requesting that dental treatment restrictions not be applied to accepted conditions for Veteran Gold Card holders (EN8763)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 8 petitioners—requesting improvements to government website usability (EN8764)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 3 petitioners—requesting requirements for cacao to be sourced without child or forced labour (EN8769)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 10 petitioners—requesting a halt to funding changes for the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (EN8773)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 3 petitioners—requesting offences relating to the use and distribution of cheating software in video games (EN8781)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 12 petitioners—requesting removal of YouTube from social media age limit restrictions (EN8782)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 3 petitioners—requesting restrictions on access to addictive algorithm-driven content for children (EN8786)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 7 petitioners—requesting nationwide airport curfews (EN8787)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 17 petitioners—requesting an inquiry into the Bureau of Meteorology website project (EN8789)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 9 petitioners—requesting a ban on public display of extremist symbols (EN8790)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 4 petitioners—requesting review of anti-smoking campaign approaches (EN8791)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 13 petitioners—requesting regulation of artificial intelligence use in workplaces (EN8792)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 3 petitioners—requesting tax deductibility for non-government school fees (EN8793)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 1025 petitioners—requesting actions relating to humanitarian and territorial concerns in Lebanon (EN8794)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 1 petitioner—requesting changes to social media age limit restrictions (EN8796)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 71 petitioners—requesting strengthened eligibility rules for elected officials in cases involving serious offences (EN8797)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 68 petitioners—requesting prohibition of face coverings in public places (EN8798)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 73 petitioners—requesting subsidised access to approved weight-loss medications (EN8800)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 2 petitioners—requesting changes to social media age limit restrictions (EN8803)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 10 petitioners—requesting prohibition of plastic fruit labels (EN8807)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 5 petitioners—requesting changes to social media age limit restrictions (EN8809)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 2 petitioners—requesting changes to social media age limit restrictions (EN8810)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 2 petitioners—requesting changes to social media age limit restrictions (EN8811)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 79 petitioners—requesting a national review of suicides and reporting of contributing factors (EN8812)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 8 petitioners—requesting baseline tariffs on certain imported products (EN8813)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 1 petitioner—requesting changes to social media age limit restrictions (EN8814)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 17 petitioners—requesting review of tobacco excise settings (EN8815)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 57 petitioners—requesting actions relating to interference with parenting arrangements (EN8816)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 68 petitioners—requesting penalties for conduct that interferes with judicial processes (EN8817)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 82 petitioners—requesting measures relating to child-parent contact (EN8818)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 57 petitioners—requesting penalties for misuse of federal systems or digital platforms (EN8819)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 76 petitioners—requesting actions relating to conduct causing serious harm (EN8820)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 42 petitioners—requesting disclosure requirements for advertising that uses artificial intelligence (EN8822)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 2 petitioners—requesting changes to social media age limit restrictions (EN8823)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 52 petitioners—requesting a motion of no confidence in a minister (EN8827)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 4 petitioners—requesting review of consultation processes for pharmacist prescribing (EN8830)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 2 petitioners—requesting changes to social media age limit restrictions (EN8831)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 3 petitioners—requesting increased federal funding for Queensland Ballet (EN8837)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 24 petitioners—requesting strengthened privacy protections (EN8838)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 1 petitioner—requesting changes to social media age limit restrictions (EN8839)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 6 petitioners—requesting recognition of a national day of environmental significance (EN8841)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 6 petitioners—requesting recognition of a national day of environmental significance (EN8842)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 12 petitioners—requesting changes to social media age limit restrictions (EN8843)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 2 petitioners—requesting support for family-focused policy initiatives (EN8847)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 37 petitioners—requesting immediate divorce pathways for survivors of domestic violence (EN8848)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 5 petitioners—requesting changes to tax settings for secondary employment (EN8849)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 2 petitioners—requesting changes to social media age limit restrictions (EN8850)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 73 petitioners—requesting implementation of a bill of rights (EN8853)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 2147 petitioners—requesting timely disability support and oversight mechanisms in the National Disability Insurance Scheme (EN8854)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 6 petitioners—requesting changes to petition processes (EN8855)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 41 petitioners—requesting reforms to political accountability, remuneration, and entitlements (EN8856)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 2 petitioners—requesting changes to social media age limit restrictions (EN8857)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 43 petitioners—requesting increased support payments and recognition of caring experience (EN8861)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 6 petitioners—requesting telehealth options for disability needs assessments (EN8862)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 74 petitioners—requesting review of the tobacco excise framework (EN8863)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 11 petitioners—requesting support for children's sport and extra-curricular participation (EN8864)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 210 petitioners—requesting expedited processing of Skilled Work Regional (Provisional) visa (subclass 491) applications (EN8866)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 12 petitioners—requesting pathways to access treatments involving ibogaine (EN8868)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 19 petitioners—requesting a motion of no confidence in a minister (EN8869)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 32 petitioners—requesting changes to travel entitlement rules (EN8870)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 3 petitioners—requesting changes to social media age limit restrictions (EN8871)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 39 petitioners—regarding repayment of expenses (EN8872)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 70 petitioners—requesting investigation of ministerial expenses and strengthened oversight (EN8873)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 90 petitioners—requesting changes to ministerial travel entitlements (EN8874)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 31 petitioners—requesting restrictions on access to Roblox for children (EN8876)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 84 petitioners—requesting changes to government accountability processes (EN8877)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 157 petitioners—requesting publication of Veterans' Review Board decisions (EN8879)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 141 petitioners—requesting support to call for the resignation of the Sex Discrimination Commissioner (EN8881)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 5 petitioners—requesting changes to social media age limit restrictions (EN8884)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 22 petitioners—requesting changes to social media age limit restrictions (EN8885)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 77 petitioners—requesting commercialisation support for renewable technology (EN8886)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 9 petitioners—requesting changes to social media age limit restrictions (EN8887)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 186 petitioners—requesting implementation of a bill of rights (EN8888)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From 38 petitioners—requesting abolition of junior pay rates (EN8889)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">2. The following 96 ministerial responses to petitions were received.</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block"> <inline font-style="italic">Ministerial responses received by the Committee on 25 November 2025</inline></para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Treasurer to a petition requesting the removal of clawback arrangements relating to finance brokers and lenders (EN6484)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Minister for Climate Change and Energy to a petition requesting reconsideration of the commitment to the Paris Climate Agreement (EN7093)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Treasurer to a petition regarding the liquidation of Qartaba Homes Pty Ltd (EN7142)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Minister for Science to a petition requesting the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation conduct an updated audit to ensure the future of the Gippsland Lakes System (EN7256)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Minister for Communications to a petition requesting changes to the</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block"><inline font-style="italic">Spam Act 2003 </inline> (EN7448)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Minister for Health and Ageing to a petition requesting support for the development of a new single-site hospital in Albury-Wodonga (EN7454)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Minister for Disability and the National Disability Insurance Scheme to a petition requesting independent scrutiny and increased funding for support coordination (EN7619)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Minister for Disability and the National Disability Insurance Scheme to a petition requesting review of disability support pricing arrangements (EN7711)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">Ministerial responses received by the Committee on 18 December 2025</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Minister for Immigration and Citizenship to a petition regarding the exclusion of a degree from the list of eligible qualifications for the extended post-study work rights under the Temporary Graduate visa (EN5136)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Minister for Immigration and Citizenship to a petition regarding the Temporary Graduate visa study requirement (EN5147)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Treasurer to a petition regarding foreign ownership of residential property (EN5247)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Minister for Foreign Affairs to a petition regarding Israel's actions in Palestine (EN5954)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Minister for Immigration and Citizenship to a petition regarding age requirements for the Temporary Graduate visa (EN6181)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Minister for Immigration and Citizenship to a petition regarding age requirements for the Temporary Graduate visa (EN6215)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Minister for Immigration and Citizenship to a petition regarding stay periods for the Temporary Graduate visa (EN6255)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Minister for Immigration and Citizenship to a petition regarding age requirements for the Temporary Graduate visa (EN6610)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Minister for Immigration and Citizenship to a petition regarding age requirements for the Temporary Graduate visa (EN6778)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Minister for Foreign Affairs to a petition regarding Israel's membership of the United Nations General Assembly (EN6808)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Treasurer to a petition requesting a tax offset for dental expenses (EN6825)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Minister for Foreign Affairs to a petition regarding Israel's actions in Palestine (EN6831)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Minister for Financial Services to a petition requesting to strengthen legal protections for borrowers (EN7196)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Minister for Education to a petition requesting that FEE-HELP loan fees charged to students at the National Art School be refunded (EN7274)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Treasurer to a petition regarding mining taxation (EN7300)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Minister for the National Disability Insurance Scheme to a petition regarding housing for people with disability (EN7327)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Minister for the Environment and Water to a petition requesting action to limit light pollution (EN7346)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Minister for Health and Ageing to a petition requesting Medicare subsidised Eating Disorder Plans include individuals diagnosed with Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (EN7379)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Minister for Communications to a petition requesting action to prevent online bullying and harassment (EN7404)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Minister for Health and Ageing to a petition regarding tick-borne illnesses (EN7414)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Minister for Health and Ageing to a petition requesting dedicated funding for a national stillbirth awareness campaign (EN7449)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Minister for Foreign Affairs to a petition regarding the conflict in Gaza (EN7497)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Minister for Early Childhood Education to a petition requesting financial support for parents who remain at home and care for their children (EN7560)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Minister for Disability and the National Disability Insurance Scheme to a petition requesting for mobility-impaired participants to be given access to guide dogs (EN7604)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Minister for Foreign Affairs to a petition requesting sanctions against Israel in response to the conflict in Gaza (EN7668)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Assistant Minister to the Prime Minister to a petition requesting formal bravery recognition for Childers Auxiliary firefighters (EN7672)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Minister for Immigration and Citizenship to a petition requesting reconsideration of a particular visa application (EN7684)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Minister for Disability and the National Disability Insurance Scheme to a petition regarding registration of independent support workers, companies and therapists (EN7685)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Minister for Foreign Affairs to a petition requesting consultations with New Zealand, Canada and the United Kingdom to explore a mobility and security pact (EN7784)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Minister for Communications to a petition regarding social media minimum age legislation (EN7824)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Minister for Communications to a petition regarding the privacy implications of social media minimum age legislation (EN7828)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Minister for Communications to a petition regarding social media minimum age legislation (EN7830)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Minister for Disability and the National Disability Insurance Scheme to a petition requesting recognition of Functional Neurological Disorder in disability support guidelines and improved access to support (EN7833)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Minister for Communications to a petition regarding social media minimum age legislation (EN7845)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Minister for Communications to a petition regarding social media minimum age legislation (EN7847)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Minister for Foreign Affairs to a petition regarding the conflict in Gaza (EN7850)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Minister for Communications to a petition regarding social media minimum age legislation (EN7857)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Minister for Communications to a petition regarding the eSafety Commissioner (EN7872)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Minister for Communications to a petition regarding social media minimum age legislation (EN7889)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Minister for Foreign Affairs to a petition requesting the expulsion of Israeli ambassador (EN8047)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Minister for Communications to a petition regarding the eSafety Commissioner (EN8155)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Minister for Communications to a petition regarding social media minimum age legislation (EN8157)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Minister for Communications to a petition regarding privacy protections for children (EN8159)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Minister for Communications to a petition regarding social media minimum age legislation (EN8179)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Minister for Health and Ageing to a petition requesting funding for adolescent inpatient mental health beds in Albury-Wodonga (EN8181)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Minister for Foreign Affairs to a petition regarding Palestinian self-determination and the conflict in Gaza (PN0637)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Minister for Health and Ageing to a petition requesting healthcare improvements in the Albury-Wodonga region (PN0645)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">Ministerial responses received by the Committee on 3 February 2026</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Treasurer to a petition regarding cost-of-living relief (EN4458)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Minister for Immigration and Citizenship to a petition regarding government services eligibility and residential property acquisition for certain visa holders (EN4598)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Treasurer to a petition regarding cost-of-living relief (EN5124)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Minister for Immigration and Citizenship to a petition regarding the work experience requirement for permanent residence for Skilled Employer Sponsored Regional (subclass 494) visa holders (EN5655)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Minister for Foreign Affairs to a petition regarding the arrest of Chinmoy Prabhu by Bangladesh authorities (EN7008)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Treasurer to a petition regarding default gratuity fees (EN7052)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Minister for Agriculture, Fisheries and Foresty to a petition regarding the import of traditional Ethiopian spices (EN7356)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Attorney-General to a petition requesting establishment of a Family Court Investigative Service (EN7378)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Minister for Health and Ageing to a petition requesting protections for doctors legally prescribing medicinal cannabis (EN7504)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Minister for Agriculture, Fisheries and Foresty to a petition requesting an exemption for beekeepers to use organic treatments for Varroa mite (EN7508)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Minister for Health and Ageing to a petition regarding regulation of Assisted Reproductive Technology (EN7525)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Minister for Health and Ageing to a petition requesting a renewal pathway for offshore-qualified pharmacists to maintain credential validity (EN7534)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">Minister for Disability and the National Disability Insurance Scheme to a petition requesting changes to the new needs assessment process (EN7545)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Attorney-General to a petition requesting reform of the <inline font-style="italic">Family Law Act 1975 </inline>and associated processes (EN7611)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Minister for Foreign Affairs to a petition regarding Australia's alliance with the United States (EN7614)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Minister for Health and Ageing to a petition requesting mandatory labelling for all products containing per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (EN7647)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Minister for Health and Ageing to a petition requesting review of food safety regulations to permit dogs in indoor hospitality areas (EN7673)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Minister for Foreign Affairs to a petition regarding the International Criminal Court's proceedings against former Philippine President Rodrigo Duterte (EN7699)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Minister for the Environment and Water to a petition requesting prohibition of wind farms in native forests and review of environmental impacts (EN7769)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Assistant Minister to the Prime Minister to a petition regarding Australia's Special Envoy to Combat Antisemitism (EN7770)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Minister for Industry and Innovation to a petition regarding the safety of artificial intelligence (EN7777)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Minister for Foreign Affairs to a petition requesting diplomatic advocacy for an Australian detained in Taiwan (EN7788)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Minister for Health and Ageing to a petition requesting review of the adoption of the World Health Organisation Pandemic Agreement (EN7791)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Attorney-General to a petition requesting laws to prohibit Australians from joining the Israeli Defence Force (EN7797)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Minister for Employment and Workplace Relations to a petition regarding a four-day work week (EN7812)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Attorney-General to a petition requesting reforms to family law processes to protect victims of domestic violence (EN7831)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Attorney-General to a petition requesting funding for drug and alcohol testing in family law proceedings (EN7858)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Minister for Health and Ageing to a petition requesting permanent funding and access to culturally safe telehealth services for First Nations peoples (EN7864)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Attorney-General to a petition requesting legislation to make burning the Australian National Flag a criminal offence (EN7870)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Minister for Home Affairs to a petition regarding the Capstone assessment for Registered Migration Agents (EN7900)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Minister for Social Services to a petition requesting consideration of the pension age and retirement policy (EN8087)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Minister for Health and Ageing to a petition requesting review of nurse practitioner telehealth services (EN8092)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Assistant Minister for Productivity, Competition, Charities and Treasury to a petition regarding residential property listings (EN8121)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Assistant Minister for Health and Aged Care to a petition requesting clear labelling of fresh produce treated with pesticides (EN8153)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Attorney-General to a petition requesting establishment of a national framework for domestic violence disclosure laws (EN8178)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Minister for Health and Ageing to a petition requesting dental care be included in the Medicare system (EN8430)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Minister for Finance to a petition regarding Digital ID legislation (EN8456)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Minister for Finance to a petition regarding Digital ID legislation (EN8462)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Minister for Finance to a petition regarding Digital ID legislation (EN8464)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Minister for Finance to a petition regarding Digital ID legislation (EN8467)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">From the Minister for Finance to a petition regarding Digital ID legislation (EN8469)</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">Ms Jodie Belyea MP</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">Chair—Petitions Committee</para></quote>
</speech>
</subdebate.2></subdebate.1></debate>
    <debate><debateinfo>
        <title>PETITIONS</title>
        <page.no>9</page.no>
        <type>PETITIONS</type>
      </debateinfo><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Presentation</title>
          <page.no>9</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>10:01</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms BELYEA</name>
    <name.id>309484</name.id>
    <electorate>Dunkley</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I present the following 241 e-petitions:</para>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Nuclear Energy</title>
          <page.no>9</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Nuclear Energy</title>
          <page.no>10</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Nuclear Energy</title>
          <page.no>10</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Nuclear Energy</title>
          <page.no>10</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Nuclear Energy</title>
          <page.no>11</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Migration</title>
          <page.no>11</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Fraud</title>
          <page.no>11</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Cybersafety</title>
          <page.no>11</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Corporate Governance</title>
          <page.no>12</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>National Disability Insurance Scheme</title>
          <page.no>12</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Qualification of Members and Senators</title>
          <page.no>12</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Personal Information and Privacy</title>
          <page.no>13</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Australian Society: Population</title>
          <page.no>13</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Cybersafety</title>
          <page.no>13</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Australian Broadcasting Corporation</title>
          <page.no>13</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Housing</title>
          <page.no>14</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Electoral System</title>
          <page.no>14</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Electoral System</title>
          <page.no>14</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Honours and Awards</title>
          <page.no>15</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Foreign Investment</title>
          <page.no>15</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Biosecurity</title>
          <page.no>15</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Charities and Not-for-Profit Organisations</title>
          <page.no>15</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Israel</title>
          <page.no>15</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Personal Information and Privacy</title>
          <page.no>16</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Diabetes</title>
          <page.no>16</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>International Relations: Australia and Papua New Guinea</title>
          <page.no>16</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Housing</title>
          <page.no>16</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Wages and Salaries</title>
          <page.no>17</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Palestine Action Group</title>
          <page.no>17</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Israel</title>
          <page.no>17</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Personal Information and Privacy</title>
          <page.no>17</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Mental Health</title>
          <page.no>18</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>AUKUS</title>
          <page.no>18</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Housing</title>
          <page.no>19</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Australian Constitution</title>
          <page.no>19</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Veterans</title>
          <page.no>19</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Banking and Financial Services</title>
          <page.no>20</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Electoral System</title>
          <page.no>20</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Skilled Migration</title>
          <page.no>20</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>National Security</title>
          <page.no>20</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Early Childhood Education and Care</title>
          <page.no>20</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Superannuation</title>
          <page.no>21</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Australian Society</title>
          <page.no>21</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Cybersafety</title>
          <page.no>21</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Pregnancy Loss, Stillbirth and Neonatal Death</title>
          <page.no>21</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Artificial Intelligence</title>
          <page.no>21</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Visa Refusal or Cancellation</title>
          <page.no>21</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>International Relations: Australia and the United States of America</title>
          <page.no>22</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Visa Refusal or Cancellation</title>
          <page.no>22</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Tobacco Control</title>
          <page.no>22</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Cybersafety</title>
          <page.no>22</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Migration</title>
          <page.no>23</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>National Socialist Network</title>
          <page.no>23</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Cybersafety</title>
          <page.no>23</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>National Disability Insurance Agency</title>
          <page.no>23</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Business Innovation and Investment Program</title>
          <page.no>23</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>National Disability Insurance Scheme</title>
          <page.no>24</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Australia</title>
          <page.no>24</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Child Abuse</title>
          <page.no>24</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Veterans</title>
          <page.no>25</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Veterans</title>
          <page.no>25</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Cybersafety</title>
          <page.no>25</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Visa Refusal or Cancellation</title>
          <page.no>25</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Labor Government</title>
          <page.no>26</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Health Care: Preventable Blindness</title>
          <page.no>26</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Defence</title>
          <page.no>26</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Temporary Humanitarian Visas</title>
          <page.no>26</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Cybersafety</title>
          <page.no>26</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Public Sector Governance</title>
          <page.no>27</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Housing</title>
          <page.no>27</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Postnatal Mental Health</title>
          <page.no>27</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Employment</title>
          <page.no>27</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Cybersafety</title>
          <page.no>27</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Veterans</title>
          <page.no>27</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Parliamentary Standards</title>
          <page.no>28</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Pensions and Benefits</title>
          <page.no>28</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Nigeria</title>
          <page.no>28</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Taxation</title>
          <page.no>28</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Personal Information and Privacy</title>
          <page.no>28</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Qualification of Members and Senators</title>
          <page.no>29</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Freedom of Speech</title>
          <page.no>29</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Freedom of Speech</title>
          <page.no>29</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Endometriosis</title>
          <page.no>30</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Economy</title>
          <page.no>30</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Veterans</title>
          <page.no>30</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Pensions and Benefits</title>
          <page.no>30</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>eSafety Commissioner</title>
          <page.no>31</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Artificial Intelligence</title>
          <page.no>31</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Nuclear Energy</title>
          <page.no>31</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Nuclear Energy</title>
          <page.no>31</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Nuclear Energy</title>
          <page.no>31</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Nuclear Energy</title>
          <page.no>32</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Nuclear Energy</title>
          <page.no>32</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Medical Research Future Fund</title>
          <page.no>32</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Australian Parliament</title>
          <page.no>32</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Electoral System</title>
          <page.no>33</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Veterans</title>
          <page.no>33</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Defence Personnel</title>
          <page.no>33</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>National Security</title>
          <page.no>33</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Cybersafety</title>
          <page.no>34</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Cybersafety</title>
          <page.no>34</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Cybersafety</title>
          <page.no>34</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Cybersafety</title>
          <page.no>34</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Cybersafety</title>
          <page.no>34</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Ambulance Services</title>
          <page.no>35</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Animal Welfare</title>
          <page.no>35</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Migration</title>
          <page.no>35</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Income Tax</title>
          <page.no>35</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Sudan</title>
          <page.no>36</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Sudan</title>
          <page.no>36</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Sudan</title>
          <page.no>36</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Northern Territory</title>
          <page.no>37</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Waste Management and Recycling</title>
          <page.no>37</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Banking and Financial Services</title>
          <page.no>37</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Migration</title>
          <page.no>37</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Cybersafety</title>
          <page.no>38</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Family Law</title>
          <page.no>38</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Cybersafety</title>
          <page.no>38</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Dingoes</title>
          <page.no>38</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Cybersafety</title>
          <page.no>39</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Cybersafety</title>
          <page.no>39</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Australian Centre for Disease Control</title>
          <page.no>39</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Cybersafety</title>
          <page.no>39</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Cybersafety</title>
          <page.no>40</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Fraud</title>
          <page.no>40</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Medicare</title>
          <page.no>40</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Cybersafety</title>
          <page.no>41</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Cybersafety</title>
          <page.no>41</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Defence</title>
          <page.no>41</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Defence</title>
          <page.no>41</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Indigenous Australians: Cultural Heritage</title>
          <page.no>41</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Energy</title>
          <page.no>42</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Australian Broadcasting Corporation</title>
          <page.no>42</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Artificial Intelligence</title>
          <page.no>42</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Cybersafety</title>
          <page.no>42</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Cybersafety</title>
          <page.no>42</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>National Security</title>
          <page.no>43</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Aged Care</title>
          <page.no>43</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme</title>
          <page.no>43</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Cybersafety</title>
          <page.no>43</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Bradfield Scheme</title>
          <page.no>44</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Cybersafety</title>
          <page.no>44</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Insurance Industry</title>
          <page.no>44</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Cybersafety</title>
          <page.no>45</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Visa Refusal or Cancellation</title>
          <page.no>45</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>National Disability Insurance Agency</title>
          <page.no>45</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Disability Services</title>
          <page.no>45</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Functional Neurological Disorder</title>
          <page.no>45</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Cybersafety</title>
          <page.no>45</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Economy</title>
          <page.no>46</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Allied Health: Social Work</title>
          <page.no>46</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Cybersafety</title>
          <page.no>46</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Visa Refusal or Cancellation</title>
          <page.no>47</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Family Law</title>
          <page.no>47</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Skilled Migration</title>
          <page.no>47</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Skilled Migration</title>
          <page.no>47</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Cybersafety</title>
          <page.no>48</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Taxation</title>
          <page.no>48</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Family Law</title>
          <page.no>48</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Cybersafety</title>
          <page.no>49</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Nuclear Energy</title>
          <page.no>49</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Nuclear Energy</title>
          <page.no>49</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Nuclear Energy</title>
          <page.no>49</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Nuclear Energy</title>
          <page.no>49</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Nuclear Energy</title>
          <page.no>50</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Skilled Migration</title>
          <page.no>50</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Veterans</title>
          <page.no>50</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Veterans</title>
          <page.no>51</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Government Services</title>
          <page.no>51</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Food Labelling: Cacao</title>
          <page.no>51</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation</title>
          <page.no>51</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Video Game Regulation</title>
          <page.no>52</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Cybersafety</title>
          <page.no>52</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Cybersafety</title>
          <page.no>52</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Aviation Industry</title>
          <page.no>52</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Bureau of Meteorology</title>
          <page.no>53</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Discrimination</title>
          <page.no>53</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Tobacco Control</title>
          <page.no>53</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Artificial Intelligence</title>
          <page.no>53</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Schools</title>
          <page.no>54</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Middle East</title>
          <page.no>54</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Cybersafety</title>
          <page.no>54</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Domestic, Family and Sexual Violence</title>
          <page.no>54</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>National Security</title>
          <page.no>54</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme</title>
          <page.no>55</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Cybersafety</title>
          <page.no>55</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Food Labelling</title>
          <page.no>55</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Cybersafety</title>
          <page.no>55</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Cybersafety</title>
          <page.no>55</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Cybersafety</title>
          <page.no>56</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Suicide and Self-Harm</title>
          <page.no>56</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Trade with China</title>
          <page.no>56</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Cybersafety</title>
          <page.no>56</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Tobacco Control</title>
          <page.no>57</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Family Law</title>
          <page.no>57</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Family Law</title>
          <page.no>57</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Family Law</title>
          <page.no>58</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Family Law</title>
          <page.no>58</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Domestic, Family and Sexual Violence</title>
          <page.no>58</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Artificial Intelligence</title>
          <page.no>58</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Cybersafety</title>
          <page.no>58</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Minister for Climate Change and Energy</title>
          <page.no>59</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Health Care</title>
          <page.no>59</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Cybersafety</title>
          <page.no>59</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Queensland Ballet</title>
          <page.no>59</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Personal Information and Privacy</title>
          <page.no>60</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Cybersafety</title>
          <page.no>60</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Environmental Conservation</title>
          <page.no>60</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Environmental Conservation</title>
          <page.no>60</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Cybersafety</title>
          <page.no>61</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Australian Society: Families</title>
          <page.no>61</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Family Law</title>
          <page.no>61</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Income Tax</title>
          <page.no>62</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Cybersafety</title>
          <page.no>62</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Bill of Rights</title>
          <page.no>62</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Disability Services</title>
          <page.no>62</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Parliamentary Petitions</title>
          <page.no>63</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Parliamentarians' Entitlements</title>
          <page.no>63</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Cybersafety</title>
          <page.no>63</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Carers</title>
          <page.no>63</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>National Disability Insurance Scheme</title>
          <page.no>64</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Tobacco Control</title>
          <page.no>64</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Children in Sport</title>
          <page.no>64</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Skilled Migration</title>
          <page.no>65</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Drug Addiction and Abuse</title>
          <page.no>65</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Minister for Communications and Minister for Sport</title>
          <page.no>65</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Ministerial Standards</title>
          <page.no>65</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Cybersafety</title>
          <page.no>65</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Minister for Communications and Minister for Sport</title>
          <page.no>65</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Ministerial Standards</title>
          <page.no>65</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Ministerial Standards</title>
          <page.no>66</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Cybersafety</title>
          <page.no>66</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Public Sector Governance</title>
          <page.no>66</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Veterans' Review Board</title>
          <page.no>66</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Sex Discrimination Commissioner</title>
          <page.no>67</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Cybersafety</title>
          <page.no>67</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Cybersafety</title>
          <page.no>67</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Renewable Energy</title>
          <page.no>67</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Cybersafety</title>
          <page.no>68</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Bill of Rights</title>
          <page.no>68</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Wages and Salaries</title>
          <page.no>68</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1></debate>
    <debate><debateinfo>
        <title>PETITIONS</title>
        <page.no>68</page.no>
        <type>PETITIONS</type>
      </debateinfo><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Responses</title>
          <page.no>68</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>10:01</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms BELYEA</name>
    <name.id>309484</name.id>
    <electorate>Dunkley</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I present the following 53 ministerial responses to petitions previously presented.</para>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Banking and Financial Services</title>
          <page.no>68</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Climate Change</title>
          <page.no>69</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Consumer Protection</title>
          <page.no>69</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Gippsland Lakes</title>
          <page.no>70</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Political Advertising</title>
          <page.no>70</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Hospitals</title>
          <page.no>71</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>National Disability Insurance Scheme</title>
          <page.no>71</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>National Disability Insurance Scheme</title>
          <page.no>72</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Skilled Migration</title>
          <page.no>73</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Skilled Migration</title>
          <page.no>73</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Housing</title>
          <page.no>73</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Middle East</title>
          <page.no>74</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>International Students</title>
          <page.no>74</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>International Students</title>
          <page.no>74</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>International Students</title>
          <page.no>75</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>International Students</title>
          <page.no>75</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>International Students</title>
          <page.no>75</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Israel</title>
          <page.no>76</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Taxation</title>
          <page.no>77</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Israel</title>
          <page.no>77</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Australian Financial Complaints Authority</title>
          <page.no>78</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Universities</title>
          <page.no>78</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Taxation</title>
          <page.no>79</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>National Disability Insurance Scheme</title>
          <page.no>79</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Light Pollution</title>
          <page.no>80</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder</title>
          <page.no>80</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Cybersafety</title>
          <page.no>81</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Lyme Disease</title>
          <page.no>82</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Miscarriage and Stillbirth</title>
          <page.no>83</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Middle East</title>
          <page.no>84</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Child Care</title>
          <page.no>85</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>National Disability Insurance Scheme</title>
          <page.no>85</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Israel</title>
          <page.no>86</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Childers Backpacker Tragedy</title>
          <page.no>87</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Visa Refusal or Cancellation</title>
          <page.no>88</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>National Disability Insurance Scheme</title>
          <page.no>88</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>National Security</title>
          <page.no>88</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Cybersafety</title>
          <page.no>89</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Cybersafety</title>
          <page.no>90</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Cybersafety</title>
          <page.no>90</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Functional Neurological Disorder</title>
          <page.no>91</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Cybersafety</title>
          <page.no>91</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Cybersafety</title>
          <page.no>92</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Israel</title>
          <page.no>92</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Cybersafety</title>
          <page.no>93</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Cybersafety</title>
          <page.no>93</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Cybersafety</title>
          <page.no>94</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Israel</title>
          <page.no>95</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Internet Content</title>
          <page.no>96</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Cybercrime</title>
          <page.no>96</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Cybersafety</title>
          <page.no>96</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Cybersafety</title>
          <page.no>97</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Albury-Wodonga: Mental Health</title>
          <page.no>98</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Middle East</title>
          <page.no>99</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Albury-Wodonga: Hospitals</title>
          <page.no>100</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Taxation</title>
          <page.no>100</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Skilled Migration Program</title>
          <page.no>101</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Income Tax</title>
          <page.no>101</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Skilled Migration Program</title>
          <page.no>102</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Bangladesh</title>
          <page.no>102</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Service Industry</title>
          <page.no>102</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Culinary Spice Imports</title>
          <page.no>103</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Family Law</title>
          <page.no>103</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Medicinal Cannabis</title>
          <page.no>105</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Biosecurity</title>
          <page.no>105</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Assisted Reproductive Technology</title>
          <page.no>106</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Medical Workforce</title>
          <page.no>106</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>National Disability Insurance Scheme</title>
          <page.no>107</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Family Law</title>
          <page.no>108</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>International Relations: Australia and the United States of America</title>
          <page.no>109</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances</title>
          <page.no>109</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Hospitality Industry</title>
          <page.no>109</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>International Criminal Court</title>
          <page.no>110</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Renewable Energy</title>
          <page.no>110</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Australia's Special Envoy to Combat Antisemitism</title>
          <page.no>111</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Artificial Intelligence</title>
          <page.no>111</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Voulgaris, Ms Debbie</title>
          <page.no>112</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>World Health Organization Pandemic Agreement</title>
          <page.no>112</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Israel</title>
          <page.no>113</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Work-Life Balance</title>
          <page.no>113</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Family Law</title>
          <page.no>114</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Domestic and Family Violence</title>
          <page.no>115</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Indigenous Health</title>
          <page.no>116</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Australian National Flag</title>
          <page.no>117</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Registered Migration Agents</title>
          <page.no>117</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Age Pension</title>
          <page.no>117</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Health Care</title>
          <page.no>118</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Housing</title>
          <page.no>118</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Food Labelling</title>
          <page.no>119</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Domestic and Family Violence</title>
          <page.no>119</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Medicare: Dental Health</title>
          <page.no>120</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Personal Information and Privacy</title>
          <page.no>121</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Personal Information and Privacy</title>
          <page.no>121</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Personal Information and Privacy</title>
          <page.no>121</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Personal Information and Privacy</title>
          <page.no>121</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Personal Information and Privacy</title>
          <page.no>122</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1></debate>
    <debate><debateinfo>
        <title>PETITIONS</title>
        <page.no>122</page.no>
        <type>PETITIONS</type>
      </debateinfo><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Statements</title>
          <page.no>122</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>10:01</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms BELYEA</name>
    <name.id>309484</name.id>
    <electorate>Dunkley</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>Each bundle of petitions that I present to this House contains both petitions on recurring themes and petitions on new topics. The e-petitions being presented cover a range of topics including social media minimum age, safety of children on online gaming platforms, the national broadcaster, the conflict in the Middle East, early childhood education and the National Disability Insurance Scheme.</para>
<para>Between mid-December 2025 and the end of January 2026, while the parliament was in recess, over 350 e-petition requests were lodged through the e-petitions website. We continue to receive petitions from repeat petitioners, but we also see new petitioners coming forward to engage on topics that are of importance to them. This demonstrates that engagement with the petitions process, particularly e-petitions, continues to be high.</para>
<para>I am pleased to inform the House that the committee also certified 149 new e-petitions at its last meeting. These e-petitions are now collecting signatures on the e-petitions website.</para>
<para>On 4 November 2025, the committee launched an inquiry into the standing orders relating to petitions. With the 10th anniversary of the House's e­petitioning system approaching in September 2026, this inquiry is timely, given the high level of engagement by the public in the petitions process.</para>
<para>I look forward to updating the House further on the work of the petitions committee.</para>
</speech>
</subdebate.1></debate>
    <debate><debateinfo>
        <title>COMMITTEES</title>
        <page.no>123</page.no>
        <type>COMMITTEES</type>
      </debateinfo><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Economics Committee</title>
          <page.no>123</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><subdebate.2><subdebateinfo>
            <title>Report</title>
            <page.no>123</page.no>
          </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>10:03</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr HUSIC</name>
    <name.id>91219</name.id>
    <electorate>Chifley</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>On behalf of the Standing Committee on Economics, I present the committee's report entitled <inline font-style="italic">Review of the Reserve Bank of Australia </inline><inline font-style="italic">a</inline><inline font-style="italic">nnual </inline><inline font-style="italic">r</inline><inline font-style="italic">eport 2024</inline>, together with the minutes of the proceedings.</para>
<para>The Standing Committee on Economics' biannual hearings with the Reserve Bank of Australia have been an important mechanism to provide parliamentary scrutiny of the functions and decisions of Australia's central bank for nearly 30 years.</para>
<para>The hearings offer an opportunity for the parliament, and for Australians more broadly, to better understand the conduct of monetary policy and the Reserve Bank's assessment of current economic conditions and the outlook ahead.</para>
<para>Importantly, the committee had a chance to explore the progress implementing the most significant reforms to the RBA in more than three decades—more about that later.</para>
<para>Today, I'd like to focus on monetary policy over the period covered by the report.</para>
<para>At the time of the hearing on 22 September 2025, inflation had fallen from its 2022 peak of 7.8 per cent and sat between two and three per cent, while unemployment remained low at 4.2 per cent. Additionally, the RBA had eased monetary policy over the course of the year, reducing the cash rate by 75 basis points to 3.6 per cent. The unemployment rate of 4.2 per cent was low by historical standards, and 1.1 million more Australians were in employment than in mid-2022. Gross domestic product per capita had superseded pre-COVID levels.</para>
<para>Beyond monetary policy, the committee examined a wide range of issues relating to Australia's current economic position. For instance, the Reserve Bank reiterated to the committee that Australia is not immune from the global trend of subdued productivity growth.</para>
<para>A range of factors influencing changes to the productivity rate were discussed, including COVID, growth in non-market sectors, business dynamism and productivity in the mining sector. The committee heard that opportunities for productivity growth in Australia exist in areas such as renewables and artificial intelligence.</para>
<para>Global developments were also covered. The committee was told by the governor we had witnessed a marked step-change in the world trading system, but explained that, as also emphasised in the August statement on monetary policy, the predicted impact of trade instability on the global economy had not materialised fully.</para>
<para>However, these dynamics warrant vigilance given potential spillovers to Australian demand, inflation and financial conditions, and the RBA continues to monitor risks to Australian economic growth.</para>
<para>The governor also provided an overview of inflation overseas, commenting that some countries, such as the United Kingdom, continue to face price pressures while other countries such as Canada were observing low inflation but with rising unemployment rates.</para>
<para>It was also the RBA's first appearance since the amended Reserve Bank Act 1959 came into force on 1 March 2025, creating a new monetary policy board and a separate governance board in line with the recommendations of the government's review of the RBA.</para>
<para>The reforms undertaken to the RBA have strengthened transparency, enhanced the quality of public communication and improved the governance structure of the institution. The establishment of separate boards has enabled a clearer focus on monetary policy and institutional oversight.</para>
<para>The RBA spoke to its commitment to strengthening its modelling, scenario analysis and forecasting capabilities, designed to support more robust policy formulation and ensure the bank remains responsive to emerging developments.</para>
<para>Other significant themes canvassed through the hearing included the RBA's work to improve the efficiency and competitiveness of the payment system through its review of retail payments regulation. Given the wide interest in this space, the committee will examine related matters in its inquiry into schemes, digital wallets and innovation in the payments sector, with public hearings set for 24 and 25 February.</para>
<para>Reflecting a widespread contemporary focus on the growing impact of artificial intelligence, the committee discussed potential benefits and effects on businesses and on the economy more broadly.</para>
<para>The committee also explored how technological innovation continues to transform the landscape within which the RBA performs its functions, from how the bank operates to its approach to research. These issues will continue to shape the RBA's work and the committee's future oversight.</para>
<para>The House Standing Committee on Economics continues to monitor the conduct of monetary policy, given its impact on members of the community and the important role that the RBA and its monetary policy conduct plays in broader economic management.</para>
<para>Finally, I thank the secretariat for their diligent preparation and ongoing support to committee members through this review, and I extend my thanks to the entire committee membership. All their work is deeply appreciated.</para>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>10:08</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr KENNEDY</name>
    <name.id>267506</name.id>
    <electorate>Cook</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I'd like to pick up where the chair left off. It has been a pleasure to work on this committee with the chair. He has done a remarkable job keeping the committee structured and helping it tackle pressing issues for this country, like the cost of living, monetary policy and the Reserve Bank. The secretariat has been fantastic and all members have been fantastic. It has been a very well-functioning, good, bipartisan committee.</para>
<para>But, in these committee hearings where we talk about technicalities, Reserve Bank boards and monetary policy, it can be easy to forget what it's really about. Just a few weeks ago, I was meeting with a single mother in Sans Souci. As a result of the now 13 interest rate rises under this government, she has had to give up her apartment because she can no longer service the mortgage. She had tears in her eyes as she was telling me of the anguish of losing her deposit and having to go back to renting again. This is the face of the decisions we make in here on fiscal policy and the decisions the Reserve Bank makes on monetary policy. Yes, it's true we're facing a productivity crisis. We must lift productivity so Australians can become wealthy again, because right now there is essentially a speed limit on our economy.</para>
<para>Growing anything over two per cent leads to inflation, and we have seen that with 13 interest rate rises under this government. Most recently, the Reserve Bank increased the cash rate from 3.6 per cent to 3.85 per cent. Australians don't need any reminder of what this means in practice—higher mortgage repayments and higher rent. We're living in this cost-of-living crisis with interest rates rising and energy costs remaining elevated. Living standards are under pressure, and Australians are getting poorer. Therefore, the committee has essential roles in examining these problems. First, we must ensure the Reserve Bank is explaining its decisions transparently and credibly. Second, we must ensure the government's policy settings are not working at cross-purposes with the bank's task of bringing inflation under control.</para>
<para>The federal government spending, as a share of GDP, is at an almost 40-year high. It is at 26.9 per cent of GDP. The last time it was higher than this was in 1986. The fact is, since 1986, we have been increasing government spending, and it is at an all-time high. We heard the Reserve Bank governor admit this is putting pressure on aggregate demand and putting pressure on inflation and forcing them to raise interest rates.</para>
<para>There is a growing number of respected economists who have been very clear on this point. Stephen Smith from Deloitte Access Economics, Shane Oliver from AMP, Paul Bloxham from HSBC and Alex Joiner from IFM Investors have all warned, time and time again, that elevated spending adds to inflationary pressure, complicating the Reserve Bank's job. Yet, last Tuesday, in this very House, Treasurer Chalmers tried to deny this link. He got up and sat at this very dispatch box and said, 'The Reserve Bank governor's statement does not mention government spending at all.' He went on to say it played no role in their decision to raise interest rates.</para>
<para>Unfortunately, that statement stands in stark contrast with what Governor Bullock said to the committee just last week. She said very clearly and unambiguously that 'it is mathematically correct to suggest government spending is contributing towards higher inflation'. These two positions cannot both be right. The committee will continue to test, in evidence, what the bank believes the economy can sustainably absorb, where capacity constraints are binding, where cost pressures are not moderating fast enough and what we can do as the federal government, in charge of fiscal policy, to actually help these settings.</para>
<para>Yesterday, I saw Treasurer Chalmers on <inline font-style="italic">Insiders</inline>, and, after 3½ years in the role, I thought he would have had a handle on this. But, unfortunately, Treasurer Chalmers was mistaking the growth rates for public and private demand. In that, he said that 'actually, private demand is growing faster than public demand', but the data shows the exact opposite. In the September quarter, public demand grew by 1.2 per cent, private demand by 1.1 per cent. We need a treasurer who is across these numbers. We need him to do better. <inline font-style="italic">(Time expired)</inline></para>
</speech>
</subdebate.2></subdebate.1></debate>
    <debate><debateinfo>
        <title>BILLS</title>
        <page.no>124</page.no>
        <type>BILLS</type>
      </debateinfo><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Flags Amendment (Protection of Australian National Flags) Bill 2026</title>
          <page.no>124</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><subdebate.text>
          <body background="" style="" xmlns:w="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/wordprocessingml/2006/main" xmlns:a="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/drawingml/2006/main" xmlns:o="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" xmlns:v="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:vml" xmlns:wx="http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/word/2003/auxHint" xmlns:aml="http://schemas.microsoft.com/aml/2001/core" xmlns:pic="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/drawingml/2006/picture" xmlns:w10="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:word" xmlns:wp="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/drawingml/2006/wordprocessingDrawing" xmlns:r="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/officeDocument/2006/relationships">
            <a href="r7431" type="Bill">
              <p class="HPS-SubDebate" style="direction:ltr;unicode-bidi:normal;">
                <span class="HPS-SubDebate">Flags Amendment (Protection of Australian National Flags) Bill 2026</span>
              </p>
            </a>
          </body>
        </subdebate.text><subdebate.2><subdebateinfo>
            <title>First Reading</title>
            <page.no>124</page.no>
          </subdebateinfo></subdebate.2><subdebate.2><subdebateinfo>
            <title>Second Reading</title>
            <page.no>124</page.no>
          </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>10:14</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr CONAGHAN</name>
    <name.id>279991</name.id>
    <electorate>Cowper</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I move:</para>
<quote><para class="block">That this bill be now read a second time.</para></quote>
<para>I rise to speak to my private members' bill, the Flags Amendment (Protection of the Australian National Flags) Bill 2026—a bill to protect the Australian flag and the Australian ensign, a bill that has been called for by millions of Australians, and a bill that has serious consequences to those who act against it.</para>
<para>The Australian flag and the Australian red ensign are not abstract ideas. They are not props for political theatre. They are national symbols earned through sacrifice, service, and shared history. And when those symbols are burned or deliberately desecrated, it is not an act of harmless protest—it is an act that strikes at the heart of our nation, our respect and our cohesion.</para>
<para>That is why we must seriously consider making the burning or desecration of the Australian flag and the Australian ensign a criminal offence. This bill does so by amending section 7 of the Flags Act 1953 to criminalise the burning of the flag or red ensign with penalties of $16,500 or up to 12 months for a first offence, or in the case of a second offence, a minimum 12 months imprisonment—further in the case of a noncitizen convicted of this offence, automatic referral to the minister for consideration of cancellation of the persons visa on character grounds.</para>
<para>From Gallipoli to the Western Front, from Tobruk to Kokoda, from Vietnam to Afghanistan, the flag was present in moments of extraordinary courage and unbearable loss. It was stitched onto uniforms, flown over camps, and folded with care at military funerals. For thousands of families, the Australian flag is inseparable from grief, pride, and remembrance.</para>
<para>To burn that flag is not a neutral act. It is a conscious insult to those who served and those who died.</para>
<para>The Australian ensign, including the red ensign, carries its own powerful legacy. Australian merchant sailors sailed under it in wartime, often without weapons, keeping supply lines open at enormous personal risk. For decades, their service was overlooked. Today, we finally recognise the ensign as a symbol of quiet bravery and national contribution.</para>
<para>Some argue that burning the flag is a legitimate form of protest. I disagree vehemently. Protest is about persuasion and principle. Flag desecration is about provocation. It does not advance debate. It does not invite understanding. It is designed to offend, to divide, and to demean. And Australians who love their country have had enough.</para>
<para>Making flag desecration a criminal offence would send a very clear message: you are free to criticise this country, you are free to criticise this government and its policies—but you are not free to deliberately destroy the symbols that represent the sacrifices of others.</para>
<para>This respect is not limited to military service. It extends to the way the flag unites us in peace.</para>
<para>Think of our sporting heroes.</para>
<para>Think of Cathy Freeman carrying the Australian flag after her Olympic victory—the moment that showed the power of national symbols to unite rather than divide. Think of our Olympians standing on podiums as the flag rises and the anthem plays—Ian Thorpe, Betty Cuthbert, Andrew Hoy, Emma McKean, just to name a few.</para>
<para>When our teams compete on the world stage, the flag does not represent one race, one religion, or one political view. It represents all of us. Win or lose, it tells the world who we are.</para>
<para>Burning that flag is a rejection of that identity.</para>
<para>We must also address an uncomfortable but necessary question: what does it mean when noncitizens deliberately desecrate the Australian flag?</para>
<para>Australia is a generous nation. We welcome migrants, refugees, students, and workers from around the world. Citizenship—and even residency—is not just a legal status; it is a relationship built on mutual respect.</para>
<para>If someone who is not a citizen chooses to publicly burn or desecrate our national flag, they are making a statement. They are declaring contempt for our country—contempt for we who have hosted them, protected them and offered them opportunity.</para>
<para>It is entirely reasonable for Australia to consider deportation in such cases. In fact, I would go further to say it is more than reasonable; it is absolutely necessary in the interests and the safety of our country and our citizens.</para>
<para>This is not about race, religion or background. It's about conduct. Every nation sets expectations for those who wish to live in its borders. Respect for national symbols is a minimal and reasonable expectation. If a non-citizen deliberately and publicly violates that standard, Australia has the sovereign right to reconsider their place here.</para>
<para>Citizenship carries responsibility. So does residency.</para>
<para>Denouncing flag desecration is not about attacking individuals; it is about defending principles. We can and must say, without apology, that those who burn our flag are wrong. Their actions are divisive, disrespectful and damaging to our social cohesion.</para>
<para>If we allow the deliberate desecration of our flag to become normalised, we send a message. We send a message to our veterans, to our sporting heroes, to new citizens, and to children learning what it means to be Australian. And that message is that nothing is sacred. That message is that sacrifice is optional. And that message is that unity is expendable.</para>
<para>This is not the Australia I grew up in. It is not the Australia we grew up in.</para>
<para>Let's not try and fool ourselves. The desecration of the Australian flag does not have a long history. Growing up as a child in the seventies and eighties, I can't recall ever seeing it happen.</para>
<para>I can say, though, unequivocally, that in the past three years, since the 7 October 2023 attack by Hamas and Palestinian militant groups on young Jewish people, we have seen a proliferation of flag burning and the importation of hate and division here in Australia.</para>
<para>On 9 October, on the steps of our own Opera House, evil people celebrated the massacre; across our iconic Harbour Bridge, fringe groups chanted 'Death to Australia'; and at Invasion Day rallies around Australia on 26 January, we saw the national flag burned—the same national flag which stands proudly side by side the Indigenous flag around Australia, including in this place, as a symbol of recognition and acceptance of our history by the Australian people.</para>
<para>We should be a nation that debates fiercely but respects deeply; a nation that welcomes newcomers but expects loyalty to shared values; a nation that honours its past while working towards a better future.</para>
<para>Making flag desecration a criminal offence, and considering deportation for non-citizens who engage in it, is not about punishment for its own sake. It's about drawing a line—a calm, lawful, and principled line—around what we owe one another as Australians.</para>
<para>We owe it to the Anzacs who never came home.</para>
<para>We owe it to the athletes who carry our flag with pride.</para>
<para>We owe it to future generations who deserve symbols that still mean something.</para>
<para>Let us protect the Australian flag and the Australian Ensign—not as untouchable relics but as living reminders of who we are, what we value, and what we stand for.</para>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">The SPEAKER</name>
    <name.id>53517</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>Is the motion seconded?</para>
</interjection>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">Mr Chester</name>
    <name.id>IPZ</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>I second the motion and reserve my right to speak.</para>
</interjection>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">The SPEAKER</name>
    <name.id>53517</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>The time allotted for this debate has expired. The debate is adjourned and the resumption of the debate will be made an order of the day for the next sitting.</para>
</interjection>
</speech>
</subdebate.2></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Criminal Code Amendment (Flag Protection) Bill 2026</title>
          <page.no>126</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><subdebate.text>
          <body background="" style="" xmlns:w="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/wordprocessingml/2006/main" xmlns:a="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/drawingml/2006/main" xmlns:o="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" xmlns:v="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:vml" xmlns:wx="http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/word/2003/auxHint" xmlns:aml="http://schemas.microsoft.com/aml/2001/core" xmlns:pic="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/drawingml/2006/picture" xmlns:w10="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:word" xmlns:wp="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/drawingml/2006/wordprocessingDrawing" xmlns:r="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/officeDocument/2006/relationships">
            <a href="r7432" type="Bill">
              <p class="HPS-SubDebate" style="direction:ltr;unicode-bidi:normal;">
                <span class="HPS-SubDebate">Criminal Code Amendment (Flag Protection) Bill 2026</span>
              </p>
            </a>
          </body>
        </subdebate.text><subdebate.2><subdebateinfo>
            <title>First Reading</title>
            <page.no>126</page.no>
          </subdebateinfo></subdebate.2><subdebate.2><subdebateinfo>
            <title>Second Reading</title>
            <page.no>126</page.no>
          </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>10:25</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms SHARKIE</name>
    <name.id>265980</name.id>
    <electorate>Mayo</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I move:</para>
<quote><para class="block">That this bill be now read a second time.</para></quote>
<para>The Criminal Code Amendment (Flag Protection) Bill 2026 seeks to do one thing: to prohibit desecrating or recklessly burning the Australian flag—the Australian national flag, the Australian Aboriginal flag that was proclaimed in 1995 under the Flags Act, and the Torres Strait Islander flag, again proclaimed under the Flags Act in 1995. To be clear, my bill seeks to make it a criminal offence if you deliberately or recklessly act to desecrate or burn our flags, not if you accidentally do it. This does exclude respectful and private destruction in accordance with the Flags Act once a flag is dilapidated, faded or torn; incidental wear or tear; or the destruction of a reproduction or likeness such as in a picture book. The maximum penalty for this would be up to two years of imprisonment for a first offence and, for subsequent offences, a minimum of one year of imprisonment.</para>
<para>Burning a national flag is a criminal offence in many nations: in France, the home of protest; in Germany, up to three years; and in Italy, Switzerland, Spain and Poland. Across Asia it's an offence—in India, the Philippines, Singapore, South Korea or, indeed, Israel. Across the Americas, whether you're in Argentina, Brazil, Cuba, Mexico or even Nicaragua, it is recognised that to burn or desecrate the national flag is a criminal offence. In New Zealand, our neighbour, it carries an up-to-$5,000 fine.</para>
<para>Our national flags hold deep significance for Australians. Our service men and women have fought under our Australian national flag. This bill seeks to have the same rules for all three flags. I must say I was very surprised when there was an amendment to the hate laws that we passed in late January—there was an amendment by the opposition to make it a criminal offence to burn the Australian flag—and the government didn't accept that. The government rejected that amendment. So this bill actually seeks to bring us all together to look at all three national flags and say the same rule should apply. It also draws a line in the sand. It says this behaviour is unacceptable. It's unacceptable no matter who you are in Australia or whether you're visiting. If you want to peacefully protest, that is one thing, but to burn a flag is another. We have a long and proud tradition in Australia of political expression, but we cannot see burning a flag as a peaceful political act.</para>
<para>I must say that, growing up in Australia in the eighties and nineties and having my kids in the noughties, I never saw the Australian flag being burnt. I can't ever recall a time, but now it is happening with flagrant disregard and it's happening with such regularity, and it is not a peaceful protest; it is hatred. Our flags are important history. They are our identity, our history and our sense of belonging, and so desecrating or burning them just shows contempt and disrespect for the peoples and communities that they represent and the many soldiers who died under the national flag for us.</para>
<para>The history of our flags in Australia is actually a very joyful thing to know. A hundred and twenty-five years ago this September, our flag was first flown, and it was chosen through a competition. There were actually five winners of a competition to create a new flag for a very young nation. The prize money, 200 pounds, which was a lot of money back in 1901, was shared among five successful winners, and quite a few of those were young people. As I said, it will be 125 years this September for our flag.</para>
<para>When we look at the Aboriginal flag, the artist, Harold Thomas, in 1971, created this powerful symbol of unity, identity and land rights for Indigenous Australians, and it was first flown in my state of South Australia. Indeed, Harold Thomas went to a high school in Mayo; he went to Willunga High School. The Aboriginal flag has been recognised under the Flags Act since 1995.</para>
<para>The Torres Strait Islander flag was designed by the late Bernard Namok on Thursday Island. It was adopted in 1992 as a flag and then became part of the flags of Australia on 14 July 1995. So we have a history with our flags, and that history should be celebrated. It should be protected and it absolutely must be respected, and at the moment our flag, our Australian flag in particular, is not being respected. It is continually being burnt by people who seek to incite hatred in our nation. So this bill very much sets a boundary of shared values, respect, inclusion and cohesion, and it's what our community wants.</para>
<para>There have been many, many surveys right across the nation that say, 'Should burning one of our national flags, the Australian flag'—with respect to those different surveys. Seventy per cent of people said: 'Absolutely. Why would it not be?' In fact, coming here this morning, one of my sons said, 'Mum, have a look at something online.' I said: 'I can't. I'm about to introduce a bill to make it an offence, a criminal offence, to burn one of our three Australian flags.' And they said, 'How is it not already an offence?' And that is how the majority of Australians feel, and it's our job in this place to act on the sentiment of Australians. So I would urge the government to look at this bill. This bill is designed for unity, but it's also designed to draw a line in the sand and say: 'No more division. Let's respect each other's flags. Let's not burn—let's not desecrate.'</para>
<para>Madame Deputy Speaker, I would like to cede the rest of my time to the member for Fowler, who will be seconding my bill.</para>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">The DEPUTY SPEAKER</name>
    <name.id>F2S</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>Is the motion seconded?</para>
</interjection>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>10:32</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms LE</name>
    <name.id>295676</name.id>
    <electorate>Fowler</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I second the member for Mayo's bill. As many in the House know, I'm a proud Australian of Vietnamese heritage. In my first maiden speech, I came here wearing my traditional Vietnamese ao dai with the Australian flag design on it, and of course the Union Jack was slightly too big. But in the second speech, when I got re-elected last year, the design was proportioned. But what mattered was not the design; it was the meaning. That dress represents to me the merging of two worlds, the heritage of my birth and the country that became my home. It tells the story of my late mother, who chose Australia as a place of safety, opportunity and belonging for her children, and it reflects the journey of how we became Australian.</para>
<para>For me, and for many like me, the Australian national flag is not an abstract symbol. It is deeply personal. It unites us as one Australia. It carries a simple but powerful idea that, regardless of where we come from, what language we speak or what faith we practice, once we join this country, we stand together as Australians. My beautiful late mother came to this country seeking sanctuary. Under this flag, our family found safety, dignity and a future. For refugees and migrants, the flag is not just a fabric. It represents the promise that this country will protect you and that you in turn belong to it.</para>
<para>Australia has not always been perfect, and we continue to debate and reckon with our history. But, after decades of shared effort, we can say with confidence that Australia has forged a unique identity as a multicultural nation that lives together under one flag. That is why this bill, the Criminal Code Amendment (Flag Protection) Bill 2026, matters. This is not about silencing debate. It is about protecting the shared national symbol that represents unity, sanctuary and mutual respect. A poll conducted in August 2025 showed that 77 per cent of Australians believe burning the national flag should be against the law. This bill reflects the public sentiment and the respect Australians feel for their nation, which has given so much.</para>
<para>If we choose to come here, we must also choose to embrace what Australia stands for: fairness, opportunity and sanctuary. Respect for the flag reflects respect for the sanctuary that has welcomed generations of migrants and refugees. We are one people under one flag in one shared home, and it is our responsibility to protect that symbol of unity. I commend the bill to the House.</para>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">The DEPUTY SPEAKER</name>
    <name.id>F2S</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>The time allotted for this debate has expired. The debate is adjourned and the resumption of the debate will be made an order of the day for the next sitting.</para>
</interjection>
</speech>
</subdebate.2></subdebate.1></debate>
    <debate><debateinfo>
        <title>PRIVATE MEMBERS' BUSINESS</title>
        <page.no>128</page.no>
        <type>PRIVATE MEMBERS' BUSINESS</type>
      </debateinfo><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Medicare</title>
          <page.no>128</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>10:35</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms TEMPLEMAN</name>
    <name.id>181810</name.id>
    <electorate>Macquarie</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I move:</para>
<quote><para class="block">That this House:</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(1) notes:</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(a) that on 1 January 2026:</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(i) the pharmaceutical benefits scheme co-payment for general patients was reduced to $25, the lowest price since 2004;</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(ii) 1800 Medicare was launched, giving Australians access to free 24 hours a day, seven days a week quality health advice over the phone; and</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(iii) Medicare Mental Health Check-In commenced, providing a new free digital mental health service offering self-help tools; and</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(b) the Government's record investment in bulk billing which has resulted in:</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(i) more than 3,300 fully bulk billing general practitioner practices across Australia, with almost 1,250 of these practices previously mixed billing; and</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(ii) rising bulk billing rates and a stronger Medicare; and</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(2) acknowledges that only this Government can be trusted to strengthen Medicare.</para></quote>
<para>Some people are aware that the second half of 2025 was a very challenging year for my family, with both my husband and then my mother surviving potentially life-threatening health incidents. They each survived and in fact are thriving thanks to world-class doctors, surgeons, nurses, physios and rehab specialists, both in hospital and in primary care, who saved their lives and helped them return to good health. It was yet another firsthand reminder for me of how important your health is, not just to the individual, and how health and ill health have repercussions for the whole family and overshadow other parts of your life.</para>
<para>For me, it further reinforced how vital our improvements to Medicare are in people getting the health care they need when they need it. But, when we came to government in 2022, it had never been harder or more expensive to find a GP. Bulk-billing was in freefall after a decade of cuts and neglect to Medicare, which is why we delivered more doctors, more bulk-billing and cheaper medicines and opened 87 Medicare urgent care clinics, including in Penrith, in our first term of government. We committed to opening another 50 urgent care clinics in the 2025 election, including in the Hawkesbury. And I am so proud that last week the Medicare urgent care clinic that my community advocated for began operating in Windsor and is busy seeing patients, bulk-billing them for urgent care and helping to take pressure off the local hospital.</para>
<para>Macquarie residents are also benefiting from the additional $8.5 billion to deliver more bulk-billed GP visits, hundreds of nursing scholarships and thousands more doctors. In November 2025, the government created an additional new incentive payment for general practices that bulk-bill every single patient. In Macquarie, there are now 22 bulk-billing practices from the top of the mountains down to the plains and across to the Hawkesbury, including in places like Glossodia. That doesn't mean that we think the job is done. By 2030, we expect to see nine out of 10 GP visits bulk-billed, and we have work to do to address the areas that are not providing the accessibility or affordability that we think people deserve, including around Katoomba.</para>
<para>Every day, Macquarie residents are saving money when they fill a script covered by the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme. From 1 January this year we cut the cost to $25 for a PBS script. This is more than a 20 per cent cut in the maximum cost of PBS medicines and will save Australians over $200 million each year. A script hasn't been this cheap since 2004. Concession patients pay no more than $7.70 for the rest of this decade, and 60-day prescriptions for around 300 common medicines mean millions of Australians with a stable, ongoing health condition are saving time and money. Since September 2023, Australians have saved more than $350 million on 60-day prescriptions alone. Across Macquarie, cheaper medicines mean patients have saved $11.6 million on more than 1.4 million scripts. Labor went to the 2025 election promising Australians we'd make medicines cheaper, and we're delivering on that promise.</para>
<para>On the one-year anniversary of the landmark $792.9 million women's health package, the government's continuing to deliver on the promise of more choice, lower costs and better care for Australian women and girls. More than 600,000 women have accessed more than two million cheaper scripts for contraceptives, menopausal hormone therapies and endometriosis treatments—all newly listed on the PBS. We've had the first PBS listing for a new contraceptive in more than 30 years and the first for new menopausal hormone therapies in over 20 years. These are all making a difference. Over 6,700 women with endometriosis have accessed treatment at PBS prices, saving $4.9 million. These are big steps forward for women's health, and there's more to come. The new endometriosis, pelvic pain and menopause clinic is opening this month at Winmalee Medical Centre. There are many women who benefit from their care.</para>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">The DEPUTY SPEAKER</name>
    <name.id>F2S</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>Is the motion seconded?</para>
</interjection>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">Ms Thwaites</name>
    <name.id>282212</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>I second the motion and reserve my right to speak.</para>
</interjection>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>10:41</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr SMALL</name>
    <name.id>291406</name.id>
    <electorate>Forrest</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I do sympathise with the member for Macquarie and her struggles in accessing quality health care for her family. Unfortunately, my experience since being elected is that I've got to oil the hinges on my office door every week for the number of people that are coming to me, basically in desperation and in pain, because the Prime Minister of Australia went to them at the last election, waving his Medicare card around and saying, 'Vote for me, and I will ensure you can see a doctor for free.' At no point did he reach into his other pocket and pull out his credit card. The sad reality, for the people in my part of Australia, is that accessing a GP for free is far too difficult and far too rare. In fact, if you live in the city, it might be possible to access better Medicare, but, if you live in places like Forrest, you pay more and you wait longer. This is borne out by the statistics, not by the hyperbole that we hear from the government benches.</para>
<para>We hear from them that Medicare is getting stronger, but, like I say, in the south-west of Western Australia, families are getting nothing but lies. This is because, in 2024-25, only 48 per cent of country residents in WA were consistently bulk-billed. At the same time, some 81 per cent of residents in south-western Sydney were bulk-billed. That is the tyranny of distance that regional Australians face. That is why people in the seat of Forrest are paying more and waiting longer to see a doctor under this government's failure to administer Medicare equitably.</para>
<para>Statewide, WA saw only a one per cent improvement, despite major incentive spending. The government suggests that 1,000 previously mixed bulk-billing clinics are now fully bulk-billed, and yet there is absolutely no data to suggest that the dial has moved by one clinic in the seat of Forrest. This $8½ billion package, funded by you as taxpayers, has delivered absolutely nothing for the residents of south-western Australia seeking to attend a doctor.</para>
<para>As always, it pays to look at what Labor do not what Labor say when it comes to health funding. One of the very first acts of the Albanese government in 2022 was to slash the funding for mental health appointments in half, reducing the number of bulk-billed appointments from 20 to 10 per year. Consequent to that decision, Australians accessed 250,000 fewer subsidised psychology sessions in 2022-23 compared to the year before. I don't know about any of you listening to this, but I don't walk down the streets of my community and hear stories of mental health struggles being halved in the last couple of years. In fact, it's quite the opposite. Across all ages and all demographics of our community, mental health is the No. 1 issue that people talk about when it comes to accessing health. Like I say, don't look at what they say; look at what they do. That was one of the very first acts of this government—to slash the mental health allowance in half. Forrest and other regional areas are particularly impacted by these changes because we face perennial workforce shortages, long waitlists and limited clinical availability. Removing these services and access to important elements like mental health puts regional Australians at a disadvantage compared to our metropolitan cousins.</para>
<para>With bulk-billing now significantly lower in regional Western Australia compared to metropolitan areas, with less access to mental health supports than under the previous government, and with the simple lie of the Prime Minister wandering around with only his Medicare card and failing to mention you need a credit card—a promise he made some 71 times in the lead-up to the last election—it is no wonder my constituents are coming to me saying: 'Why is it so? Why is it that, because I live in a country area, my family has to pay more and wait longer for something so simple as going to the doctor?'</para>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>10:45</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms THWAITES</name>
    <name.id>282212</name.id>
    <electorate>Jagajaga</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>It is a privilege to rise to speak on this motion because it is fundamental to what this government is about and to what Labor governments are about. At its heart, it's about how we regard being Australian—that access to quality universal health care which Labor governments always stand up for. On that note, it was disingenuous of the member for Forrest to say things have in fact got worse under this government. What has happened under this government is we have reversed the freefall in Medicare bulk-billing that was happening under those opposite. We have opened Medicare urgent care clinics right around this country. Those opposite did not do that. They did not offer this opportunity for walk-in, bulk-billed care in our communities.</para>
<para>In fact, in my community we now have two Medicare urgent care clinics. Just recently, over summer, a new clinic opened in Eltham, providing fully bulk-billed treatment for non-life threatening illnesses and injuries without the long waits people too often face in emergency departments. That joins the one we had existing in Heidelberg, on Burgundy Street, which has supported thousands of locals since it opened in 2022. I see this firsthand in my community—parents of young children who otherwise knew they were in for a long wait at an emergency department after, perhaps, an injury at a sporting event, and elderly people who feel like they just need to be seen and can't get into their regular GP at that time. This clinic is providing all those people and others with support and care they never had before, and it is providing it because this Albanese Labor government believes in Medicare, because we are funding Medicare in our communities.</para>
<para>One local, Riana, shared her experience with me, saying she went to the clinic when her daughter was in severe pain. She described the staff there as welcoming and compassionate, and the doctor as knowledgeable, and said the care helped to ease her daughter's pain. For her, the relief was finding the clinic, not having to wait as long and having that peace of mind almost immediately. On that note, I acknowledge the incredible doctors and nurses who keep these clinics running and who are part of our Medicare system. I've had wonderful feedback about the people who work in these clinics.</para>
<para>At the Eltham clinic, Sharrine shared that, after finding all the GP appointments fully booked, she was feeling overwhelmed and on the verge of tears. She was able to meet with a staff member there, Allison, who took the time to listen, who treated her with care and understanding and who went out of her way to help. It's that approach that means people are getting both the empathy and the care they need. It's a testament to the value we put on Medicare.</para>
<para>Outside of Medicare clinics, we are delivering cheaper medicines for people in our community. We have reduced the maximum cost of PBS prescriptions to $25, and to $7.70 for concession card holders. In Jagajaga locals have now saved more than $15.4 million from 1.7 million cheaper prescriptions. This is real cost-of-living relief, and it means people are able to access these prescriptions without worrying about what trade-offs they're making in their lives. We do not want to see people going without medicines—they should have the medicines they need to have—because they are needing to make choices about what they pay for. That is, again, a fundamental tenet of this government; it is what we believe in. We believe that access to these medications, to this health care, should be for all Australians, not just for some.</para>
<para>We've introduced 1800MEDICARE, where locals can now access free 24/7 health advice from registered nurses. So whether you need expert guidance or simple reassurance, the nurses at 1800MEDICARE are available around the clock. They can refer you to the right care—whether that is back to your regular GP, a local hospital or a Medicare urgent care clinic.</para>
<para>We've made major changes to bulk-billing, tripling the incentives for GPs to bulk-bill. Again, I get a lot of feedback about this in our community. I'm pleased to see that the Greensborough Medical and Dental Clinic on Flintoff Street is now 100 per cent bulk-billing for GP visits. I know other clinics in my community are following suit. Again, this is making a real difference to people's lives. But these are the investments that only happen under Labor governments. Under those opposite, bulk-billing was in free fall. We did not have walk-in Medicare urgent care clinics. We did not have the discounts that we've made on PBS scripts, because those opposite do not understand that part of being Australian is having access to good quality health care.</para>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>10:51</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms ALDRED</name>
    <name.id>11788</name.id>
    <electorate>Monash</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>Before turning to the context and substance of this motion, I just want to spend a couple of moments remarking on the closure of Leongatha Healthcare clinic in January, which has put an enormous strain on the south Gippsland community. For decades, the clinic's been the backbone of primary health care in the region, serving thousands of patients. Its abrupt closure has left staff and patients with little notice and disrupted access to vital care, creating immense pressure on Leongatha memorial's urgent care centre. There are GPs and staff working around the clock right now, with no pay from that clinic, to provide support to local patients. I want to acknowledge the significant effort that they're going to and extend, on behalf of the people of Monash, my sincere appreciation for their dedication and care to our local community.</para>
<para>Despite these challenges, the entire Leongatha health community have really gone above and beyond to keep that care flowing. They've mobilised quickly to provide telehealth consultations, alternative GP arrangements, patient support and much more. Those efforts ensure that, even in the face of the uncertainty at the moment, the wellbeing of south Gippsland residents remains the top priority. It highlights the vital role of regional healthcare teams. I also want to acknowledge the tremendous efforts of my state coalition colleagues Danny O'Brien and Melina Bath in working with local residents and GPs to make sure we get through this very, very challenging time.</para>
<para>Health care in regional areas is absolutely essential. What we're seeing at the moment is a prime minister who does not walk the talk when it comes to investing and supporting communities like mine in Monash, whether it's challenges in south Gippsland or, indeed, the West Gippsland Hospital, which was built pre-World War II—in fact, parts of it were built pre-World War I.</para>
<para>We are experiencing explosive population growth right across west Gippsland. In fact, if you listen to the demographer Bernard Salt, Warragul and Drouin are the fastest growing towns anywhere in Australia. The fact is that the infrastructure at West Gippsland Hospital cannot keep pace with that population demand. I'm working with my state Liberal colleague Wayne Farnham, the member for Narracan, to push as hard as we can to advance the case for a new west Gippsland hospital, which our region desperately needs. Unfortunately, successive state and federal Labor governments have ignored that plight. The Victorian state Labor government could not care less about the need for a new west Gippsland hospital, and I know Wayne Farnham is taking up the fight every single week to advance that.</para>
<para>On Medicare, we've seen a prime minister repeatedly promise that seeing a GP would be free—all you'd need is your Medicare card. Yet I get emails and phone calls every single week from Monash residents who are facing out-of-pocket costs at now record rates to visit their GP—particularly going over $50. Health inflation, as we know, has risen by 18 per cent. Across Victoria, families are paying billions of dollars of out-of-pocket costs every year, money coming straight out of their pockets—not Medicare. I get emails regularly from local families telling me they cannot keep their heads above water. They are really struggling with the cost of health care in their community. A good example is mental health. I'm working with some amazing local organisations, including the Village Health centre in Warragul. I've previously been a member of the board of Lifeline Gippsland. I know how many volunteers in our community are dedicated to advancing mental health needs.</para>
<para>But, when you've got a government that cut Medicare subsidised sessions from 20 a year—which the coalition secured—to 10 a year, it goes to show where their priorities are, and they are not investing in regional mental health services. They're not investing in regional health services that we so desperately need in the Monash electorate and further afield. Regional Australians are not getting a fair go from this government when it comes to investing in the services that they need. They deserve a far better go on health and hospitals. We've had the Prime Minister write to state premiers saying, 'Please stop spending so much money on hospitals,' as if people can stop getting sick. In regional communities like mine, those emergency departments are overflowing because of a lack of investment by successive state and federal Labor governments. Australians deserve better. My electorate of Monash deserves far better.</para>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>10:56</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Dr GARLAND</name>
    <name.id>295588</name.id>
    <electorate>Chisholm</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I really want to thank the member for Macquarie for putting this motion to the House. This is really important to this side of the House and important to me. On this side of the House, we believe that, no matter someone's postcode or income, they should have equitable access to free, quality care. Protecting and enhancing Medicare is one of the reasons that I put my hand up to run as a member of parliament. I feel so strongly about making sure Australia has a really strong healthcare system. Part of this is because I grew up in a family where my dad was a GP, my mum was a nurse and they ran their own medical practice. The importance of equitable access to health care is something that has been instilled in me from a very young age.</para>
<para>I'm really proud to be able to advance our healthcare system here as a member of the Albanese Labor government. Of course, Labor is the party of Medicare, which was first introduced through Prime Minister Gough Whitlam's government as Medibank; was then, unfortunately, abolished by the subsequent Liberal government; and was then reintroduced as Medicare by the Hawke government. We've got, on this side of the House, a very strong track record in actually establishing, protecting and enhancing public health, as opposed to those opposite, who abolish and undermine universal health care in this country.</para>
<para>Having a system like Medicare is a fundamental part of what a lot of us think of as the Australian way of life. This is a really great example of Australian exceptionalism. It has improved the overall health of the country, increased our life expectancy and eliminated medical related bankruptcies, which did happen with frequency in this country before Medibank and then Medicare were implemented. When we first came to government in 2022, bulk-billing was in freefall after an appalling decade of cuts and neglect, and it had never been harder or more expensive to find a doctor. That's not what I want for Australia or for our communities. It's not what anyone on this side of the House wants.</para>
<para>That's why strengthening Medicare was a key focus of our election platform and has been a consistent focus for our government. We're a government who follow through with our commitments. In our first term of government, we delivered more doctors, more bulk-billing and medicines cheaper than what had been delivered for some time, and we opened 87 Medicare urgent care clinics. I've got an urgent care clinic in my electorate in Chisholm that has already opened—in Mount Waverley—and we've also got one on the way in the Stonnington council area. We've also committed to opening another 50 urgent care clinics across the country. A total of 122 urgent care clinics are currently open.</para>
<para>The data shows us the benefits of these bulk-billed urgent care clinics, with over 14,000 people in my community receiving quality, timely care, which, importantly, takes pressure off emergency departments and allows people to be seen sooner for their needs. I'm really grateful to the medical professionals who work in the urgent care clinics for their compassion, care and dedication.</para>
<para>Our government has, of course, gone beyond funding just Medicare urgent care clinics to funding privately owned practices as well with our investment of $8.5 billion to deliver more bulk-billed GP visits each year and expanding bulk-billing incentives, creating an additional new incentive payment for practices that bulk bill every patient. This means that nine out of 10 visits to GPs will be bulk billed by 2030, boosting the number of fully bulk-billed practices to around 4,800 nationally, which is triple the current number of practices. I can see how this is taking hold in Chisholm. In my electorate, we now have 29 bulk-billing practices, which is an increase from the 11 that were previously mixed billing. I'm really proud that I can deliver something like that for my community, making sure that people get the care that they need when they need it.</para>
<para>This is a real game changer for people. It's real cost-of-living relief for families. Again, I thank all of the healthcare professionals who work in private practice for their dedication and care and for their commitment to people being able to access equitable health care. Of course, we've delivered cheaper medicines too. We're investing in mental health care. We know how important it is that Australians have governments that protect and expand our healthcare services in this country, and I'm really proud to speak to this motion.</para>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>11:01</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr McCORMACK</name>
    <name.id>219646</name.id>
    <electorate>Riverina</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I am in furious agreement with the good member for Chisholm when she says that it should not matter what your postcode is to get access to health services. One-hundred per cent—the member for Chisholm is absolutely right. But the trouble is that it doesn't ring true. The trouble is that this Labor government has not done what it says it was going to do when it comes to bulk-billing or access and availability of health services. In fact, it's been an abysmal, dismal failure.</para>
<para>Bulk-billing rates have gone from 88 per cent to 77 per cent. That's an 11 per cent drop. It doesn't matter how those members opposite colour it, how they argue it or how often they say that they are doing something. It doesn't matter how often that is the case; saying it doesn't make it true. Bulk-billing rates have dropped.</para>
<para>What did we see when somebody complained about this in the media to the health minister from the leafy suburbs of Adelaide? He said, 'Well, if you can't get a bulk-billing doctor, pick up the phone and ring another one.' That might be well and good in Adelaide. It doesn't cut it in regional Australia. In some communities in regional Australia you're lucky if you've got a doctor at all, let alone trying to phone for another doctor to get an appointment. In country Australia it shouldn't be the case that, when in pain, catch the plane. You should be able to have access and availability of a doctor when you need it, but the difficulty is that we don't.</para>
<para>Thank goodness we've got the Murray-Darling Medical Schools Network, which was set up and established by a coalition government—a coalition government which recognised that regional Australians have health issues too. This government does not provide equity for postcodes when it comes to health provision. We see that with the urgent care clinics. I hear the member for Lyne all the time going on about Taree. Taree and a whole host of other regional centres don't have those regional aftercare clinics, those emergency care clinics, and that's just one point. When it comes to bulk-billing and a whole myriad of other health access services, they are just not there. The access is missing.</para>
<para>Then we have the member for Macquarie moving this motion. It's true that, over the last election period when everyone was trying to win power, the Prime Minister said on no less than 71 occasions: 'It's okay, just produce your Medicare card. That will get you by.' It's not true, and it doesn't matter how often he says it. It doesn't matter how often he said it then, and it doesn't matter how often he says it at the dispatch box now. The services aren't available and, if they are, you've got to pay through the nose for it.</para>
<para>It is all well and good for those Labor seats or those marginal seats that Labor wants to win to add to its majority to get those clinics, but in regional Australia, where people matter too, they're missing out, and that's not good enough. That's not fair, and they're not convinced by the Prime Minister, the health minister or anybody else saying that there is equity in postcodes when it comes to health services, because there is not. There simply is not, and regional people are suffering as a result—regional people who already have lower longevity and, unfortunately, have more cancers and that type of thing. They are going without, and I just despair when I see so many Labor members getting up and hear them reading the talking points that they've been given. It doesn't matter how convincingly they say it; it doesn't make it true.</para>
<para>We do need more bulk-billing. We do need more access to better health services and care. We particularly need it in regional Australia—in the Northern Territory, in the Riverina or wherever it might be. Just because a motion might be on the books, that doesn't mean to say it's right or true.</para>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>11:06</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms LAWRENCE</name>
    <name.id>299150</name.id>
    <electorate>Hasluck</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>Medicare was built on a simple belief: that access to health care should never depend on your bank balance. It is a system that has been based on our social compact for more than 40 years, ensuring that every Australian, no matter their circumstances, can receive care when they need it, and it's a reflection of who we are as a nation: fair and decent and compassionate. That belief was on full display when the Prime Minister stood with our community in Ellenbrook in Hasluck very recently, on the weekend, at the Ellenbrook Medicare Urgent Care Clinic—already, in fact, one of the busiest in Western Australia, with over 2,000 presentations since opening just in December. The Prime Minister and I met with the doctors, the nurses and the other staff and with families that were seeking care with their Medicare card, not their credit card. We were shown the new facilities by Dr Tun, Dr Sharma, Dr Guest and, of course, their amazing staff. Seriously, Hasluck is in really great hands.</para>
<para>Our urgent care clinics are a modern embodiment of Medicare's founding principles: universal, accessible, high-quality care delivered close to home. As we walked through that clinic together, the Prime Minister spoke about how critical it is in a country as vast as ours that every community, including fast-growing outer suburbs like those in my electorate, can rely on strong primary care. He spoke about the importance of easing pressure on families and ensuring families aren't forced to navigate emergency departments for minor injuries or fevers. We saw firsthand that this model works. The Ellenbrook clinic is taking the load off our St John of God Midland hospital, and it's giving families a safe, local, alternative.</para>
<para>But what struck me most was how the Prime Minister connected this moment back to Medicare's history. He reminded us that Labor built Medicare and that each generation of Labor governments has had to renew it, defend it and strengthen it. Medicare has always required stewardship. It has always needed champions willing to expand access, modernise the care, reinforce the principle of universality and, of course, mend the years of coalition neglect, and that is exactly what this government is doing.</para>
<para>In the early 1980s, Medicare was a bold idea. Today it's a national treasure but a treasure that cannot be taken for granted. As communities like mine grow, as medical needs evolve and as people live longer with more complex conditions, Medicare must keep evolving too. We have delivered more doctors, more bulk-billing and cheaper medicines and opened 87 Medicare urgent care clinics in our first term, and we've committed to another 50—and 122 clinics are now open nationwide.</para>
<para>These clinics are doing exactly what they were designed to do. Since late 2022, 2½ million Australians have walked into an urgent care clinic and received treatment with their Medicare card not their credit card. I count myself amongst them, having received treatment at the fabulous Morley urgent care clinic and most recently having visited, with my own mother, Midland Urgent Care Clinic, where she received fantastic care that would have saved her many, many hours of sitting waiting for the same outcome at a hospital. We're very grateful for that quick and efficient service and treatment by the staff.</para>
<para>We are also driving the largest investment in bulk-billing in Medicare's history—an $8½ billion package that is already delivering results. More than 3,300 practices are now fully bulk-billing, including around 1,250 that were previously charging mixed fees. We are absolutely on track towards our goal that by 2030 nine in 10 GP visits will be bulk-billed, and I really am pleased with the undertakings by the GP clinics in my electorate of Hasluck to work through the processes to enable those clinics also to be bulk-billing so we can see a similar uplift to what we've seen from the previous speakers, where they've got some 32-odd. I look forward to seeing a similar number in mine.</para>
<para>Medicines are cheaper too. Since 1 January, patients are no longer paying any more than $25 for a script. In Hasluck, that saving has translated to around 1.7 million scripts. In Hasluck that has meant a saving of around $13.7 million. That is back into the pockets of constituents in my electorate.</para>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>11:11</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr CALDWELL</name>
    <name.id>306489</name.id>
    <electorate>Fadden</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>For this particular motion today, honestly, I suspect that the member has gone straight to the Labor Party talking points, pressed print and gone, 'Let's talk about that today.' There's been no real thought, no real effort to design something that might appear to be genuine. What we've seen today is nothing more than just a spit-out of the Labor talking points. I say that because it's so limited in what they actually write in these things.</para>
<para>The first thing that I wanted to pick up on is the effort by this Labor government to only talk about the cost of medicines back in 2004. Now, it's great that the copayment has been reduced to $25. They all went out and did videos talking about what things were like in 2004. Well, I'll tell you what life was like in 2004. You could buy a bottle of milk for $2.80, and you could buy a loaf of bread for about $2.50. Now, sadly, the Labor government has lost control of the budget so badly that the cost-of-living pressures that Australians are facing have skyrocketed under this government, and the cost of those everyday essentials has now completely eroded any gain that they think they might have been able to get under this government from their PBS medicine discount. That's life under Labor. You're feeling poorer every payday because life costs more. Then they give you a drip feed of a little corflute slogan that they're going to wheel out in an election, but it doesn't touch the sides in reality.</para>
<para>Let me talk about bulk-billing, because Labor continue to bang on about bulk-billing, but sadly their track record since they came to office in 2024 is utterly appalling. We heard the member for Riverina talk about the bulk-billing rates having dropped from 88 per cent to 77 per cent under this government. What that looks like in reality is that, in my electorate of Fadden, in the year of 2021-22 it was 1.594 million visits. That fell under this Labor government, under this minister for health and ageing and under this prime minister by 353,000 visits to the point where in 2023-24 it was down to 1.2 million visits. It's an 11 per cent reduction in bulk-billing. That's what's happened and that's what patients are dealing with in my electorate. And in fact that's what they're dealing with all over Australia. The patient experience goes beyond what Labor puts in their talking points and what they put in their motions to speak to here in this place.</para>
<para>The other problem that we've seriously encountered as a community is the out-of-pocket expenses that keep rising. I was just talking to the member for Moncrieff, who also acts as the shadow minister for youth, and the out-of-pocket expenses are disproportionately hurting those that can least afford it, including young Australians. As the shadow assistant minister for mental health, I am acutely aware of the pain that's being caused to younger Australians, who don't feel like they can go and get a GP visit when they need it. The average out-of-pocket GP costs have reached a historic high of more than $50—an eight per cent jump in just one year. What that means is that Australians are avoiding about 10,000 GP visits every single day.</para>
<para>Whilst Labor talk to their talking points and talk a big game on Medicare and bulk-billing, the real-life, lived experience in our communities is that people are not getting in to see GPs when they need to, and, when they do, they have to cough up hundreds of dollars upfront, with massive out-of-pocket expenses. If this is what Labor think is their custodianship of the health system, if Labor think that they are the standard-bearers based on this track record, they should be ashamed. Australians deserve better. We all need to get Medicare health and other services at the price that we can afford and in the places we need them, and that includes Taree.</para>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>11:16</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mrs PHILLIPS</name>
    <name.id>147140</name.id>
    <electorate>Gilmore</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>On Friday I met with Dr Eva Morris and her husband and practice manager, Jason Morris, at the St Georges Basin Medical Centre, who jumped at the chance to register for the Bulk Billing Practice Incentive Program. Dr Morris said they took up the incentive because it's good for their business and good for their patients. They want to make a difference in their community, and they want to help their patients, including older patients, many with multiple health conditions, and young families, who are feeling the cost-of-living pinch. They're also helping to train new doctors in the region, which is fantastic.</para>
<para>The St Georges Basin Medical Centre is one of 32 medical practices across Gilmore that have transitioned to fully bulk-billing all patients. I'm so pleased that, since the bulk-billing incentive program came into effect, on 1 November, the number of fully bulk-billing medical practices in my electorate has almost tripled. This is an absolute game changer for local patients, who now have improved access to the health care they need with just their Medicare card, not their credit card.</para>
<para>Delivering on this election commitment is a massive help for families living in the smaller towns and villages in my electorate. Doctors in places like Gerringong, Shoalhaven Heads, Culburra Beach, Callala Bay and Sussex Inlet are now fully bulk-billing. People can now see a doctor for free at fully bulk-billed practices in the villages of Mollymook, Surf Beach and Broulee and in the major towns of Nowra, Moruya and Ulladulla. I know this important cost-of-living measure is helping struggling families and older people in my region and right across the country, thanks to the Albanese Labor government's single-largest investment in Medicare since its creation more than 40 years ago. From 1 January this year, we've introduced a whole gamut of health services that are saving the hip pocket and, importantly, saving lives around the nation.</para>
<para>We're ensuring Australians can access the medicines they need at an affordable price, with PBS scripts now capped at $25, or just $7.70 for those who hold a concession card. Without the PBS, Australian patients would pay thousands of dollars for life-saving medicines. Instead, $25 PBS scripts will save Australians more than $200 million each year.</para>
<para>We're adding more life-saving and disease-preventing medicines to the PBS every month to help men, women and children. Just last week, Andriga-10 was added to the PBS to provide life-changing help for men with an aggressive form of prostate cancer. Without the PBS, patients might pay $930 per script. Since July 2022 we've approved extra funding for 399 new and amended listings on the PBS. As a woman and a mum, I know just how much we're helping women and their families by subsidising the cost of contraceptive pills, hormone therapies for menopause, and medicines for endometriosis. In just one year, more than 610,000 Australian women have saved money since essential women's health medications were listed on the PBS as part of our landmark $792.9 million women's health package. From 1 January, Australians have had even better access to free health advice, with the 1800MEDICARE telehealth service, website and mobile app. The new Medicare Mental Health Check In also went live on New Year's Day, giving easy and free access to early support for Australians experiencing mild mental health challenges.</para>
<para>Of course, we're opening more Medicare urgent care clinics in every corner of the country, and I'm proud to say the Batemans Bay Urgent Care Clinic is going great guns and is operating 18 hours a day. I know my community cannot wait for the doors to open on the new Medicare urgent care clinic in Nowra very soon, which will take pressure off Shoalhaven Hospital's emergency department.</para>
<para>Our investment in Medicare is already having a massive impact in my electorate, which is home to one of the highest populations of aged pensioners in the country. We also have many young families and low-income earners who are reaping the benefits of a better, fairer and stronger health system that the Albanese Labor government promised and that we are delivering.</para>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>11:21</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms BRISKEY</name>
    <name.id>263427</name.id>
    <electorate>Maribyrnong</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>There is no greater symbol of the Australian fair go than your green and gold Medicare card. It's a promise that, in Australia, when you get sick, you'll get help. Today I rise to outline the work of the Albanese Labor government, a government that hasn't just talked about the promise; we've put the investment behind it to make it a reality once again.</para>
<para>When we first took office in 2022, and when we were returned to government by the Australian people in 2025, we inherited a primary health system on life support. Let's be blunt about why. For six long years, the coalition chose to freeze Medicare rebates. They chose zero indexation. They chose zero support for GPs. The rising cost of doctor's visits wasn't an accident; it was a direct result of those opposite and the decision they made to starve Medicare. So it's been interesting to hear the contributions of those opposite and the manufactured outrage over Medicare in this motion, given their past performance.</para>
<para>On 1 January this year, this Labor government continued to turn the page. As the calendar turned to 2026, a suite of landmark Medicare initiatives moved from promise to reality. These weren't mere administrative tweaks at the margins; they represent a fundamental shift in the standard of care and a statement to the recommitment that we are making to a truly universal healthcare system, the core to who we are as Australians.</para>
<para>It started at the pharmacy counter, where we've slashed the PBS copayment for general patients to just $25, the lowest price that we've seen for essential medicines in over 20 years. For a family sitting around the kitchen table, balancing the mortgage and the grocery bills, this isn't just policy change; it's breathing space.</para>
<para>We didn't just stop at the chemist. We've ensured that when your child gets sick at 2 am—we've all been there—you are not left in the dark, due to the launch of 1800MEDICARE, a 24-hour direct helpline where you can get high-quality health advice that eases peace of mind and that is delivered right there at the end of the phone line.</para>
<para>Recognising the modern challenges our nation faces, we have opened a new digital front door to care. The Medicare Mental Health Check In is now live, providing immediate free access to health self-help tools and support. We are meeting Australians where they are—online, on their phones and in their moments of need—and removing the barriers to seeking help. This is the Labor way. We don't just protect the Medicare of the 1980s; we build the Medicare of the future.</para>
<para>Perhaps most importantly, we are restoring the heart of our healthcare system by bringing back universal bulk-billing. We were told the decline was terminal, but we've proven that when you value doctors, doctors can value their patients. By tripling the bulk-billing incentive and extending it just last November to every single Medicare card presentation, we have made it financially viable to be a bulk-billing doctor again.</para>
<para>We see the success in the heartbeat of my own community. Look at the Moonee Ponds Super Clinic. They are part of a wave of over 3,300 practices nationwide that are now fully bulk-billing. Look at the Gladstone Park Family Medical Centre. These are clinics staffed by professionals who have a deep and fundamental understanding of our community's needs. They know that, when a local family can access care without the stress of a gap fee, the whole community is healthier, more productive and more secure. Because of our 12½ per cent bonus for exclusively bulk-billing practices, clinics like these in my electorate are thriving. They are the frontline of a stronger Medicare. They are among the thousand practices that have recently indicated they are transitioning to 100 per cent bulk-billing—that's a thousand more doors open to families who were previously worried about the cost of a check-up.</para>
<para>Medicare was created by Labor and protected by Labor, and today it's being strengthened by Labor. We've invested $8.5 billion to reverse the decline that was seen under those opposite, and we've seen 6.5 million extra bulk-billed visits. These aren't just statistics. These are parents who can afford to get to the chemist. These are seniors who aren't afraid of the GP bill. The coalition froze Medicare; we have funded it. They broke the system; we are fixing it. This is what it looks like when a government puts the health of the nation first. I commend the motion.</para>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">The DEPUTY SPEAKER</name>
    <name.id>F2S</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>There being no further speakers, the debate is adjourned and the resumption of the debate will be made an order of the day for the next sitting.</para>
</interjection>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Migration</title>
          <page.no>136</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>11:26</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms STEGGALL</name>
    <name.id>175696</name.id>
    <electorate>Warringah</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I move:</para>
<quote><para class="block">That this House:</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(1) notes that:</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(a) immigration has been, and continues to be, a fundamental contributor to Australia's economic strength, social fabric, and national resilience; and</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(b) migrants play a vital role in sustaining small businesses across Australia, including by filling skills and labour shortages, starting new enterprises, supporting regional economies and contributing to local employment growth; and</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(2) calls on all Members of the House to engage in respectful, evidence-based debate on migration policy, and to reject rhetoric that inflames division or undermines the dignity and contribution of migrant communities.</para></quote>
<para>Australia has been a nation shaped by migration since the post World War II era, with immigration driving population growth, workforce expansion, cultural diversity and long-term economic resilience. Around 30 per cent of Australia's population was born overseas. This is one of the highest shares in the developed world, and it's clear evidence that migration is a defining structural feature of the country's economy and society.</para>
<para>For those who get confused—migration is the movement of people between countries, including people here temporarily on a visa. Migration delivers a measurable net economic benefit. It's estimated that every additional 1,000 migrants contributes roughly $124 million in annual economic value through labour supply, taxation, entrepreneurship, innovation and consumer demand. By contrast, immigration is the movement of persons into a new country, with the intent to reside there permanently, including people who choose to stay after migrating here on temporary visas. One of the best parts of being a member of parliament is attending citizenship ceremonies, where we get to welcome people becoming Australian citizens. They have often been here for a long period of time. They've paid taxes and volunteered in our communities, and they're now taking that extra step of responsibility by becoming citizens, adding their voice and their vote to what we become as a nation.</para>
<para>It's highly damaging when right-wing, fringe parties like One Nation—and the opposition too, I suspect—have policies that, instead of looking at problems rationally, seek to blame migration or immigration for long-term structural failures. The latest census data shows Warringah has a substantial migrant presence—37.4 per cent of Warringah residents were born overseas, and 56.6 per cent have at least one parent that was born overseas. Feedback from chambers of commerce and small businesses consistently highlights that accessible and efficient migration pathways are critical to keeping businesses open, sustaining regional communities and supporting local job creation.</para>
<para>Australia's reliance on migration is most visible in the skilled visa program, which is designed to fill genuine shortages in health care, aged care, construction, engineering, IT, education and agriculture, where domestic workforce pipelines cannot meet the demand in the short to medium term. Skilled migrants overwhelmingly complement Australian workers, rather than replacing them, enabling businesses to expand, maintain their services and generate additional employment across local economies. Migrants are also significant small-business founders and operators, strengthening regional economies, expanding markets and contributing directly to employment growth and community stability.</para>
<para>Net overseas migration was 306,000 in 2024-25, down from its high after COVID. The largest group of migrant arrivals was temporary students—some 157,000 people—and the most nominated occupations for employer-sponsored permanent skilled visas are nurses, chefs and software programmers. It's important, when we have the damaging rhetoric from too many on the right side of politics, that we have firmly in mind the facts about what is actually happening when it comes to migration and immigration.</para>
<para>Complex challenges such as housing affordability, infrastructure pressure and urban congestion stem primarily from planning and policy decisions over the long term and should not be blamed on migration or immigration. Claims that migration is out of control are inconsistent with clear evidence showing net overseas migration moderating from post-pandemic highs and remaining within expected volumes. Periods of economic uncertainty often see a rise of antimigrant rhetoric. It's populist and it's easy, but it is false. Social research shows such narratives can distort public understanding of our immigration system and weaken our social cohesion. It's particularly dangerous when far-right political actors falsely blame migrants for government policy failures and planning shortcomings. It stigmatises communities and risks repeating exclusionary chapters of Australia's past.</para>
<para>A strong democracy requires respectful, evidence based debates on migration policy, including program size, skills mix and infrastructure readiness without rhetoric that undermines the dignity and contribution of migrant Australians. Well-managed migration will remain essential to economic prosperity, demographic sustainability in an aging society, thriving small businesses and a cohesive multicultural nation.</para>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">The DEPUTY SPEAKER</name>
    <name.id>201906</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>Is there a seconder for the motion?</para>
</interjection>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">Dr Ryan</name>
    <name.id>297660</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>I second the motion and reserve my right to speak.</para>
</interjection>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">The DEPUTY SPEAKER</name>
    <name.id>201906</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>The time allotted for this debate has expired. The debate is adjourned, and the resumption of the debate will be made an order of the day for a later hour.</para>
</interjection>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Government Spending</title>
          <page.no>137</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>11:31</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr TED O'BRIEN</name>
    <name.id>138932</name.id>
    <electorate>Fairfax</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I move:</para>
<quote><para class="block">That this House:</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(1) notes that Australia's industrial relations system has become too complex, too rigid and weighted towards big institutional interests at the expense of workers, small businesses and productivity;</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(2) recognises that:</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(a) the Government's industrial relations changes have replaced flexibility and fairness with confusion and compliance;</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(b) the Government's energy policies have driven up power bills for shops, cafes, workshops and family enterprises; and</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(c) small and family businesses are being forced to work longer hours for less return, while competing against government-subsidised sectors and ever increasing compliance costs; and</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(3) affirms that the Opposition stands with private enterprise and small and family-owned businesses because their aspiration, innovation and entrepreneurship are central to Australia's economic future.</para></quote>
<para>Australians are poorer today than they were this time last week. In between, they have copped yet another interest rate rise. Unfortunately, by this time next year, they are going to be poorer still because the everyday Australian will experience the price of everything going up even further this year. They will be experiencing higher interest rates this year. They will be experiencing higher taxes that they have to pay this year. Meanwhile, their real wages will be declining this year, and their living standards will continue to erode.</para>
<para>Australians are hurting right now, in particular younger Australians. I'm talking about Australians who might be in their late 20s and their 30s in particular—families who are trying to feed not just their own mouths but the mouths of kids. People are working their tails off every single day so that they can ensure there is food on the table and making really hard choices and trade-offs about what they can and can't afford for their family. A lot of these young people are either saving to buy a home or they're struggling to pay off a mortgage. In the real world out there, beyond the walls of this parliament, young Australians are feeling the pain, and they know, unfortunately, that this year it will only get worse.</para>
<para>This is a direct consequence of a poorly managed Australian economy—an economy which is seeing inflation driven up as a direct consequence of the biggest spending government in 40 years outside of the pandemic. In this financial year alone, this government is spending an extra $50 billion on discretionary measures. We don't deny the right of any government to prioritise its spending. But with that right should come a commensurate responsibility to find room in the budget to pay for it. Again, everyday families do this. They make those trade-offs. If they want a child to do extracurricular sport, theatre, dance or whatever it is and they don't have the money to pay for it, they might cut back on the take-outs or a couple of days of the holiday they were hoping for. These are the normal financial decisions that are discussed around kitchen tables. It is not too much for the Australian people to ask that the same discipline be applied in this place by the Treasurer and this government to keep the books in check. But that is not happening.</para>
<para>Last week, we saw an increase in interest rates. The Treasurer suggested it had nothing to do with public demand—in other words, government spending. By Friday, of course, you had the Reserve Bank governor making it very clear that it did have something to do with public demand. By Sunday, the Treasurer was saying that the last national accounts were suggesting that the growth in private demand was higher than in public demand, but in fact it was the opposite.</para>
<para>We can talk all about the stats. We can talk all about economic figures. But where the rubber hits the road is out in real Australia, which is why we continue to call on this government to do something that everyday Australians do at home: live within your means. That starts with introducing some rules as to how you contain your spending in the budget. This isn't too much to ask, can I say. Every single treasurer since Peter Costello, who introduced the Charter of Budget Honesty, has had a set of rules to control spending, except the treasurer of this government. The more this government spends, butted up against the speed limit of the economy, the more prices go up. When prices go up, interest rates go up and real wages go down. This has been felt in real Australia, and that is why we have to keep raising this issue with this government.</para>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">The DEPUTY SPEAKER</name>
    <name.id>201906</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>Is there a seconder for the motion?</para>
</interjection>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">Mr Violi</name>
    <name.id>300147</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>I second the motion and reserve my right to speak.</para>
</interjection>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>11:36</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr HOLZBERGER</name>
    <name.id>88411</name.id>
    <electorate>Forde</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>The shadow Treasurer talks a big game, but, as usual, I think the record talks an even bigger one. The shadow Treasurer talks about higher taxes and about real wages coming down, but the breathtaking part about that is that this is from a party that took tax increases to the last election and that kept wages down as a deliberate part of its economic architecture.</para>
<para>The shadow Treasurer is also trying to pursue the line that you run the budget like a family runs its budget. While there is merit in that argument, I think there is more merit in the maxim that a government should run the economy the way a good business is run. The problem for the opposition there is that there are two very different ways to run a business. As somebody who's actually run a business, I know that there are two ways to do that. One is to invest in your plant and your people to build productive capacity in your business for the long term, and the other way is to strip out profits, to put off the maintenance, to cut the investment and to slowly run the country—I mean the business—into the ground. The key lesson is this: not all spending is the same. There is good spending and there is bad spending.</para>
<para>The second thing I'd say is that the government understands that people are doing it tough. The fact that we're even having this argument is not the message that I want to get out to the community, because I know that in my community people are doing it tough, just as they are in most of the communities who are represented in this parliament. Inflation is higher than we would like. Cost-of-living pressures are real. But the argument contained in the motion from this opposition doesn't even withstand basic scrutiny.</para>
<para>First, the shadow Treasurer talks about rules, but inflation under the former government that he was a part of was already at 6.1 per cent and rising when we came to government. Spending peaked under the Morrison government at 31.4 per cent of GDP, and real spending growth was at 4.1 per cent, more than double what it is under this government. This government has delivered $114 billion in savings, and the $20 billion in savings found in the last budget update alone was as much as the former government managed across all of its last seven budget updates combined. So lectures from the opposition about this really are quite extraordinary.</para>
<para>Second, the Reserve Bank has made it clear that the unexpected increase in private demand has been what's contributed to inflationary pressure, and the idea there about the shadow Treasurer crowing about somehow getting the RBA to admit that aggregate demand is made up of both private and sector spending, as if that is some sort of economic revelation, only really explains why nobody takes them seriously on economic management anymore.</para>
<para>Third, the motion calls on the Treasurer to introduce measurable budget rules, which is remarkable coming from a party whose record and plans for the future show the complete opposite. They left black holes everywhere, and in opposition they went to the last election promising higher taxes and higher spending. So I'm not sure what rules you actually want us to follow. There are, of course, real pressures in the budget. Nobody can deny that. Our ageing population is—</para>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">The DEPUTY SPEAKER</name>
    <name.id>201906</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>The member for Moncrieff, on a point of order?</para>
</interjection>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">Ms Bell</name>
    <name.id>282981</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>I would ask that the member direct his comments through the chair.</para>
</interjection>
<continue>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">Mr HOLZBERGER</name>
    <name.id>88411</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>The opposition left black holes everywhere. One of them is in aged care where there was just some sort of total denial of the reality that the cost of the aged pension is going to increase, that aged-care costs are going to increase and that healthcare costs are going to increase as a result of our changing demographics. But the black hole left behind in the budget, the traps that were left for Labor when they took over the budget, are things that they are dealing with.</para>
<para>Another of them was for veterans compensation. The opposition allowed $1.8 billion, but the real cost was $6.6 billion. Either it was deliberately ripping off those that had put on a uniform to serve our country or it was mismanagement. I'm not sure which one. At the end of the day, the challenges in the economy are a result of a decade of negligence by the opposition. The government has been left trying to thread an economic needle to get wages moving, cut costs for medicine and child care, reduce student debt, invest in housing and energy and support veterans all while keeping the pressure off inflation. That is how you run a business properly, that is how you run a country, and that is why this motion should be rejected.</para>
</continue>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>11:42</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr VIOLI</name>
    <name.id>300147</name.id>
    <electorate>Casey</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I know members opposite, particularly on the backbench, are required to do one thing: read out the talking points. That's all they're allowed to do. But, gosh, that was extraordinary! I think we had five minutes there, and in the last 15 seconds the member for Forde decided to finally talk about the government and what they had achieved. He rattled off a quick list. If you speak to anyone in the community, they're not feeling that. They've never had it tougher. They are struggling to put food on the table, and we have a government that is full of spin—which we just saw from the member for Forde; I have no doubt we'll see it from those opposite—talking about the opposition. They were talking about the opposition being in government for 10 years. Well, newsflash, you've been in government for four years now and counting. Take responsibility for your actions.</para>
<para>This economic cost-of-living crisis we face today sits directly with this government. It sits directly with the Prime Minister and the Treasurer. The scary part for the Australian people is they're doing it so tough right now. It feels like they are on an economic treadmill. They are running harder and harder every day. The speed on that treadmill is going up because of this government. It is getting harder to stay on that treadmill, and it gets worse. The solution over the four years that this government has had for the Australian people on that economic treadmill is to feed them fairy floss. This government has fed the community economic fairy floss and sold it to them like a solution. But the problem with giving fairy floss to a young person as a parent—or anyone else—is it feels good for a moment, but, if they keep eating it, it makes them feel worse and it actually makes the situation worse for them. And that's what this government has done over four years.</para>
<para>This treasurer has either deliberately misled the Australian people by not understanding what is happening—with basic economics 101—or this treasurer does not understand what's happening and is misleading people. Either one is unacceptable. We have a situation where he is misleading this House and the Australian people. On Tuesday 3 February, the Treasurer was talking about government spending, saying, 'It was not a factor in the decision that the RBA took today.' Not a factor at all, the Treasurer said.</para>
<para>Well, I had the opportunity on Friday in the Economics Committee to speak to the RBA governor and asked the RBA governor a question from Matt from Lilydale. He had two questions—a member of my community because that's what we're here to do, represent our communities. His questions were: How is the government spending affecting the economy? Has it contributed to the rate rise? Those are very simple questions that all Australians want answered. What did the RBA governor say? She said:</para>
<quote><para class="block">… I could summarise. Government spending is part of total spending and total aggregate demand in the economy. So it, along with private spending, contributes to aggregate demand. And so, to the extent that aggregate demand is above aggregate supply, which we think it is, that's contributing to inflationary pressures. That's why we've decided to raise interest rates just a bit.</para></quote>
<para>Black and white—it is Economics 101. It should not take the RBA governor to confirm what is basic economics. But, when you've got a Treasurer that does nothing but spin, you need the RBA governor to explain that. As I said, when you have an economy that is being run on fairy floss, it is going to make the Australian people sick.</para>
<para>That is what we are seeing today: interest rates are up, inflation up. The RBA are not predicting that we will hit the band until 2027 if we're lucky, which means interest rates are going to go up even further. Real wages are forecast to be backwards this full year. What does 'real wages' mean? We always talk a lot about economic terms. What it means for the Australian people is that you'll have less money in your pocket and that that money will buy you fewer goods at the supermarket. It will make it harder to get ahead every day. And we have a government that refuses to acknowledge the problems. We have a government that has made the problems worse. We have a government that continues to spin. They continue to tax and they continue to spend.</para>
<para>In a high-inflation environment, we are seeing this government be the highest spending government in 40 years outside of COVID. In no way should you be the highest spending government in 40 years in a high-inflation environment. There are those opposite that know that. They understand the basic economics, but they also know they have nothing to say, because they can't. They've got to follow the Treasurer's talking points. That's all they're allowed to do.</para>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>11:47</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr SOON</name>
    <name.id>298618</name.id>
    <electorate>Banks</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>The shadow Treasurer has decided to bring us here today to talk about government spending, and it is my pleasure to join my friend the member for Forde in setting the record straight when it comes to some of the claims being made by those opposite. To begin with, the government has made no secret that inflation remains higher than we would like it to be. But that doesn't mean that we haven't made real progress since we came into government. The inconvenient fact for the opposition is that inflation is far, far below where it peaked under them and what we inherited from them. The decision of the independent Reserve Bank to raise the cash rate will be difficult news for Australian mortgage holders without doubt, including in my electorate. We understand the pressure this puts on everyday Australians, and the decision being widely expected won't unfortunately make it any easier.</para>
<para>The opposition insists that government spending is the problem. We saw a lot of talk about government spending's contribution to aggregate demand from those opposite at the House Economics Committee hearing last Friday. As the member for Casey on the other side helped prove for us, any year 12 economics students could tell you that government spending is a factor in aggregate demand. But the coalition's agenda of blaming it all on government spending does not align with the statement released by the RBA last Tuesday. That statement said very clearly that temporary factors and quicker-than-expected growth in the private sector were the primary drivers of the pick-up in inflation. In fact, the RBA statement didn't even contain the words 'government spending' at all in any context. This is in stark contrast to the claims of those opposite.</para>
<para>If anyone needed the advice to rein in their spending, it was probably the former members for Cook and Kooyong, because real spending growth under the former coalition was nearly 2½ times higher than it is under Labor. Even when excluding COVID era spending, which they claim as a defence, the opposition's average was 2.6 per cent per year, compared to 1.6 per cent. This is only possible because we have found tens of billions of dollars in savings, and $20 billion in the latest MYEFO alone, contributing to a grand total of $144 billion. And, as the House is no doubt aware, this Labor government turned a decade of Liberal deficits into two Labor surpluses. Labor is the party of economic management.</para>
<para>This motion also talks about fiscal rules. This government's fiscal rules are clear, which include reducing gross debt as a share of the economy and limiting real spending growth. It is hard to believe those opposite have the temerity to talk about fiscal rules. Their approach promised budget surpluses and didn't deliver one in nine years. Their fiscal approach promised to bank receipts upgrades but only returned 40 per cent on average, compared to our 70 per cent. Their approach promised to reduce net debt, but debt doubled—even before the pandemic. If those opposite really believed in doing what's best for Australians, they wouldn't have taken the unbelievable trifecta of higher taxes, bigger deficits and more debt to the last election.</para>
<para>At the end of the day, those opposite have spent the last nine months fighting with and amongst each other. The coalition may be back together—for now—but the whole country can see that, while the Liberals and Nationals are focused on themselves, the Albanese Labor government is focused on fighting for the Australian people and the people in communities just like mine of Banks.</para>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>11:52</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr WILLCOX</name>
    <name.id>286535</name.id>
    <electorate>Dawson</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>The most expensive sound in Australia today is the silence of a shopfront where the door no longer swings open. It is the heavy, suffocating silence of a ledger book filled with red ink—a ledger that a small-business owner in Mackay or a farmer in the Burdekin stares at late into the night, wondering what went wrong. A financial crisis arrives in the quiet erosion of a bank balance. It's the unsettling realisation that, despite working long hours, despite cutting every luxury, the numbers simply no longer add up.</para>
<para>For the people I represent, the Australian dream is being replaced by a daily struggle of survival. We heard from the Prime Minister last year that interest rate rises were a thing of the past. We were promised a different path. We remember the Prime Minister standing before the nation making a definite vow; he said life will be cheaper under Labor. But as we stand here in 2026 those promises have been shattered. The reality is that Australians are struggling more today than when the Albanese Labor government came to office. Australians are experiencing a Labor-created cost-of-living crisis. It is a mathematical reality that when this government spends, prices rise and it's the families in our regions who pay the price.</para>
<para>I've been speaking to families right across my electorate of Dawson. They've just finished the back-to-school run, and they are looking at the receipts with genuine fear. They're staring down the barrel of a world where everything costs more. Electricity prices are up, insurance prices are up, grocery prices are up, housing prices are up and mortgage costs are up. Mums and dads across Dawson are feeling poorer because they are poorer. They are being governed by an Albanese administration that cannot stop spending taxpayers' money—and, folks, we all know what that means: when Labor run out of money, they come after yours.</para>
<para>This is the highest-spending government in 40 years outside of a global pandemic, with $50 billion of new discretionary spending in the current financial year alone. If a CEO in the private sector presided over a $50 billion blowout in six months, they would be sacked. Why do we have a lower standard? Why are we holding the Treasurer to a lower standard of accountability? Is it any wonder that inflation is soaring? We're seeing $200 million a day pour out of Canberra, much of it on this reckless renewables-only agenda. It's crazy. Independent experts have made it clear: inflation will be higher for longer in Australia because this government refuses to make the hard decisions. As the price of everything continues to climb, families are forced into heartbreaking trade-offs. They are deciding whether to keep their kids' Saturday sport or keep the lights on. What kind of life is that for our Aussie kids?</para>
<para>Our small businesses, our tradies and our manufacturers are on the front line of this failure. Last year alone, 15,000 small businesses closed. Under the Albanese Labor government, Australia has experienced the largest decline in living standards in the developed world. The Treasurer spent last week in this place claiming that government spending had nothing to do with the latest interest rate hike, yet the RBA governor herself has directly refuted this. She confirmed that government spending is a key driver pushing inflation higher. Mortgage holders have been paying, on average, $21,000 more a year in interest since this government took office. That's an extra $400 a week on the Australian dream. That's unbelievable, and that suggests that the burden will increase even more.</para>
<para>If this treasurer cannot understand the problem, he cannot fix it. Under Labor, we are becoming poorer. We should be a nation of prosperity and growth. Farmers know that you can't harvest what you do not sow and that you cannot spend what you do not have. It is a lesson for this treasurer. He has failed Australia. He has failed the economy. He needs to step up, take responsibility and fix this mess. Stop spending money that we simply do not have.</para>
<continue>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">The DEPUTY SPEAKER</name>
    <name.id>201906</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>The time allotted for this debate has expired. The debate is adjourned and the resumption of the debate will be made an order of the day for the next sitting.</para>
</continue>
</speech>
</subdebate.1></debate>
    <debate><debateinfo>
        <title>COMMITTEES</title>
        <page.no>141</page.no>
        <type>COMMITTEES</type>
      </debateinfo><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Affairs Joint Committee</title>
          <page.no>141</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><subdebate.2><subdebateinfo>
            <title>Membership</title>
            <page.no>141</page.no>
          </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>11:57</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">The DEPUTY SPEAKER</name>
    <name.id>201906</name.id>
    <electorate></electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I have received a message from the Senate informing the House that Senator Thorpe has been appointed a member of the Joint Standing Committee on Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Affairs.</para>
</speech>
</subdebate.2></subdebate.1></debate>
    <debate><debateinfo>
        <title>BILLS</title>
        <page.no>141</page.no>
        <type>BILLS</type>
      </debateinfo><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Universities Accord (Australian Tertiary Education Commission) Bill 2025, Universities Accord (Australian Tertiary Education Commission) (Consequential and Transitional Provisions) Bill 2025</title>
          <page.no>141</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><subdebate.text>
          <body background="" style="" xmlns:w="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/wordprocessingml/2006/main" xmlns:a="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/drawingml/2006/main" xmlns:o="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" xmlns:v="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:vml" xmlns:wx="http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/word/2003/auxHint" xmlns:aml="http://schemas.microsoft.com/aml/2001/core" xmlns:pic="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/drawingml/2006/picture" xmlns:w10="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:word" xmlns:wp="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/drawingml/2006/wordprocessingDrawing" xmlns:r="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/officeDocument/2006/relationships">
            <p>
              <a href="r7407" type="Bill">
                <p class="HPS-SubDebate" style="direction:ltr;unicode-bidi:normal;">
                  <span class="HPS-SubDebate">Universities Accord (Australian Tertiary Education Commission) Bill 2025</span>
                </p>
              </a>
            </p>
            <a href="r7408" type="Bill">
              <p class="HPS-SubDebate" style="direction:ltr;unicode-bidi:normal;">
                <span class="HPS-SubDebate">Universities Accord (Australian Tertiary Education Commission) (Consequential and Transitional Provisions) Bill 2025</span>
              </p>
            </a>
          </body>
        </subdebate.text><subdebate.2><subdebateinfo>
            <title>Second Reading</title>
            <page.no>141</page.no>
          </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>11:58</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr TIM WILSON</name>
    <name.id>IMW</name.id>
    <electorate>Goldstein</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I move that so much of the standing and sessional orders be suspended as would prevent me from moving the following motion immediately: That the House (1) notes that, during the matter-of-public-importance discussion on 5 February 2026, the Minister for Small Business suggested that 33, 426 small—</para>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">The DEPUTY SPEAKER</name>
    <name.id>201906</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>Order! If you're going to move the suspension of standing orders, it has to be relevant to the bill in question. What you're doing was relevant to the previous bill, which has now been finished. We've now moved on to the next bill.</para>
</interjection>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">Mr Tim Wilson</name>
    <name.id>IMW</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>Sorry, Deputy Speaker, but we haven't commenced with a speaker.</para>
</interjection>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">Dr Leigh</name>
    <name.id>BU8</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>We've got a speaker.</para>
</interjection>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">Mr Tim Wilson</name>
    <name.id>IMW</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>I can suspend at any time, Deputy Speaker.</para>
</interjection>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">The DEPUTY SPEAKER</name>
    <name.id>201906</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>We've called on the next item. Once the clerk has called on that item of business—we're now on that item of business.</para>
</interjection>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>11:59</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr SOON</name>
    <name.id>298618</name.id>
    <electorate>Banks</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>Since the federal election last year, I have had the pleasure of serving as a member of the House Standing Committee on Education, and I am so pleased to rise in support of the Universities Accord (Australian Tertiary Education Commission) Bill 2025 and the Universities Accord (Australian Tertiary Education Commission) (Consequential and Transitional Provisions) Bill 2025.</para>
<para>Early in 2024, the government released the final report of the Australian Universities Accord. It is a blueprint for higher education reform over the next two decades. The report identified the absence of a dedicated steward as a critical gap in the tertiary education system and its ability to plan for future needs, improve equity and quality outcomes, and deliver on national priorities. The legislation before the House responds to this gap and implements one of the report's key recommendations. The accord's report notes that in the years ahead more jobs are going to require more skills and that, to meet the needs of our economy, we will need to increase the proportion of people in the workforce who hold a certificate, a diploma or a degree to about 80 per cent. This inevitably means more students completing qualifications at our universities and at our TAFEs.</para>
<para>The challenge we face as a government is how we set our tertiary education system up to meet the growing demand for higher education needed to satisfy the future skills needs of our country. The reforms contained in the bills before the House are part of this Labor government's answer. The primary bill establishes the Australian Tertiary Education Commission as a steward of the tertiary system. The commission will help deliver the reforms to our system that are needed to meet our future skills needs and reach that 80 per cent target by encouraging greater diversity amongst higher education providers, providing expert advice to government on higher education policy settings, monitoring targets and helping to deliver a joined-up system that makes it easier for students to get the qualifications they need.</para>
<para>On a more technical level, the bill provides for the commission's structure, led by three independent expert commissioners, each appointed by the Minister for Education for a period of up to five years. Collectively, these commissioners will bring a balance of expertise and experience across higher education, vocational education and tertiary governance.</para>
<para>The formal independence of the commission will be one of its key strengths, making decisions grounded in evidence and transparency. The commission will have a range of advisory and decision-making functions encompassing negotiation, mission based compacts with providers in the sector, provision of advice on requests to state and federal ministers, and making recommendations on updates to the Higher Education Standards Framework.</para>
<para>It is also intended that future legislation will allow the commission to allocate managed growth and needs based funding for domestic student places through higher education institutions as well as provide a framework for allocating international student commencements when directed by the government. The mission based compacts are an interesting concept and will be one of the key mechanisms for the commission's engagement with higher education providers. The purpose of compacts is to enable providers to demonstrate how their institution's core purpose and goals align with national, state and local priorities as well as industry engagement and innovations in teaching and learning, serving as a structured framework for interaction between providers and the commission. Such an approach will ensure national priorities and outcomes are met while still enabling higher education providers to pursue unique goals and missions of their own.</para>
<para>These compacts are not without enforcement capabilities. Each will include a limited but meaningful set of performance objectives agreed collaboratively with the commission. Additionally, if a compact with the commission is not in force for a year, this could lead to enforcement action being taken under the Higher Education Support Act.</para>
<para>Importantly, this government is focused on making sure that people from backgrounds where they previously might not have gone on to higher education can find their place in the system. This legislation places equity at the core of the commission's work by requiring the improvement of outcomes for persons facing significant systemic barriers, including but not limited to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples, people from lower socioeconomic backgrounds, people with disabilities and people living in regional and rural communities. The bill provides the commission with the power to advise on improving participation from such groups.</para>
<para>It should be noted that this concept is not being implemented untested. The interim commission began its work on 1 July last year, led by Professor Mary O'Kane, Distinguished Professor Larissa Behrendt and Professor Barney Glover. They have been working hard to lay the foundations for the permanent establishment of the commission. Professor Tom Calma and the Hon. Fiona Nash have recently been appointed commissioners, replacing Professor O'Kane and Distinguished Professor Behrendt as the commission continues to move forward. I'd also like to take the opportunity to thank all the hardworking higher education professionals who we will be relying on to do the work involved in achieving our skills goals, as well as the representatives in my state: the National Tertiary Education Union, the Teachers Federation and the United Workers Union.</para>
<para>This government believes that, in order to achieve the goals we are setting—the experts tell us what we need to meet them—we have to set up our tertiary education system for the future. However, we must do so with a view to supporting students. The government has taken the needs of tertiary education students seriously, and the results are clear. At the most recent election, we made a clear promise that the first piece of legislation we would pass in the 48th Parliament would be a bill to take 20 per cent off the student debt balance of every single Australian who had one. This included cutting the debt of more than 20,000 people in my electorate of Banks. This side of the House recognises that the HECS system needs reform, and we are delivering it. By capping indexation on HECS debts to the lower of the CPI and the WPI, moving to a marginal repayment system and raising the minimum repayment threshold, we are making the system better and fairer for all.</para>
<para>We also know that, for many students, even once they make it to university, there are barriers that prevent them from reaching their full academic potential. The government's network of suburban and regional university study hubs offers an innovative solution to improving access by bringing universities closer to their students. They provide study spaces and support to navigate administration and improve academic skills, as well as general student wellbeing, for any student who might need it. These spaces have been a tremendous success, and this government is doubling the number of university study hubs by establishing 20 new regional hubs and 14 new suburban ones.</para>
<para>The government understands that not everybody needs to go to university to get the qualifications that they need, and we are determined to ensure that Australians can lead successful lives without the need for a university degree. This is why the government established fee-free TAFE in the last term of parliament to make sure that students could get their qualifications in sectors with incredibly high demand without being saddled with debt. The results speak for themselves: more than 700,000 students across the country have enrolled since the start of this program. While some people in this place like to talk down this program, it is saving Australian students thousands of dollars and helping to fill our major skills shortages in the care, early childhood education and construction sectors. That is why this government legislated to make fee-free TAFE permanent.</para>
<para>This government has also recognised that if we want to see more students taking up courses for in-demand skills, we need to support them more effectively while they are undertaking their education. For students in courses including teaching nursing, midwifery and social work, completing mandatory placements meant stopping their regular employment. In some cases, it created a significant barrier to completing their courses and entering the workforce. From July last year, 73,000 students from across Australia have been eligible for the government's paid prac payment, the first ever financial support of its kind. To support construction and clean energy apprentices, payments of $10,000 assist with their studies.</para>
<para>These measures all form part of the government's broader higher education agenda. When we look at the accord's recommendations, this Labor government, this Albanese government, has implemented 31 of the 47 recommendations in full or in part. Further measures include increasing the number of free university bridging courses, requiring higher education providers to allocate a minimum of 40 per cent of student services and amenities fees to student led organisations, making demand driven Commonwealth support places available to all First Nations students where they have the marks to get in, and making campuses safer by introducing the National Student Ombudsman and the National Higher Education Code to Prevent and Respond to Gender-based Violence. This is an agenda that is achieving results in Australia for Australian students.</para>
<para>I spoke in my first speech to this House about my passion for education and making sure its transformational power is felt by as many young people as possible across our great country. Education policy is something I spent a large part of my career working on prior to coming to this place. I am so proud to be part of a government with an agenda for education that will deliver in the tertiary system. It's delivering record investments in public education in the biggest commitment by any Australian government ever in order to fully fund every single public school in Australia by increasing the share of funding provided by the federal government. It's delivering greater access to early childhood education and getting fees down for parents to make sure that students, our young ones, our young kids, are ready to start school. Of course, as I've spoken about already, it's delivering higher education policy that works for Australian students by cutting student debt, paying students during their mandatory placements and, with the legislation before the House today, establishing a commission to make sure that the higher education system is working on filling our national skills gap and the advancement of our students across the country.</para>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>12:13</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms CHANEY</name>
    <name.id>300006</name.id>
    <electorate>Curtin</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>by leave—To continue my remarks on the Universities Accord (Australian Tertiary Education Commission) Bill 2025 from the last sitting day, I also want to address the issue of international student caps. This bill provides ATEC with the function to allocate international student caps for different universities and providers at the request of the minister. As I understand it from discussions with the minister's office, further legislation is required to provide the minister with the power to set enforceable caps for international students at individual universities and providers before ATEC can use this function. So this bill paves the way for future legislation that will allow for enforceable international student caps.</para>
<para>The government tried to introduce this power in 2024. I strongly opposed it at the time, and the bill failed to pass. I continue to oppose hard caps as a policy tool. Hard caps are often sold as a housing solution. They are not. Housing supply and structural reform are the real solutions for the housing crisis. International student caps risk damaging Australia's international reputation, undermining a major export industry and destabilising university funding without delivering meaningful relief for our cost-of-living problems. But if the government insists on moving in that direction then it is better that international student caps are set by an expert steward working with universities individually rather than by blunt command and control ministerial settings. For now, though, I maintain that setting hard caps is the wrong answer.</para>
<para>I won't make an amendment to remove this role for ATEC, because it's not a bad insurance policy in case future laws are passed to give the minister that power. The accord makes a powerful case for ATEC, and I agree with that case in principle. But I will not support a bill that creates an ATEC that's not independent, not adequately constituted and not equipped to do the job it was created to do. If ATEC is not meaningfully different from the department, if it cannot initiate and publish robust advice, if it cannot build its own capability and if it cannot credibly steward the system over time, then it will not solve the problems that the accord identified.</para>
<para>That's why I oppose this bill as drafted. I will move amendments to make ATEC independent, capable and fit for purpose, and if the government is serious about delivering the accord's vision then it should accept them.</para>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>12:16</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr GEORGANAS</name>
    <name.id>DZY</name.id>
    <electorate>Adelaide</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I rise to speak about this very important bill, a bill that will shape the future of how we learn, how we train and how we prepare our country for decades ahead. Of course, I'm talking about the Universities Accord (Australian Tertiary Education Commission) Bill 2025 and its companion, the Universities Accord (Australian Tertiary Education Commission) (Consequential and Transitional Provisions) Bill 2025</para>
<para>At their core, these bills are about creating a stronger, fairer and more coordinated tertiary education system for everyone. For years we've asked our universities and our TAFEs to do a huge amount of heavy lifting, and they've done a great job. They've served us well, but they've had to do it without a central body looking ahead. We need the central body looking ahead, planning across the whole system and making sure that Australia is ready for the challenges and the opportunities of the future.</para>
<para>The truth is Australia's been missing parts of the bigger picture sometimes, and that's exactly what the Australian Tertiary Education Commission, or ATEC, is designed to fix. ATEC will act as the system's big-picture planner. It will guide how universities and vocational education work together, not just for the next year but for the next generation. That's so important, because it isn't something that we just dreamed up. The Australian Universities Accord Panel released its final report in 2024. This was the government's major review of the higher education sector, and it spelled out clearly that, without a dedicated and independent steward like ATEC, Australia can't properly prepare for our future skills needs or meet the expectations of students.</para>
<para>The accord report made a powerful point: in the coming decades, around 80 per cent of all new jobs will require a TAFE or university qualification—80 per cent. That means more Australians will need to be able to access tertiary education and more pathways into study—whether it be through TAFE or through other higher educational options—and more support to actually complete the courses. So this bill is about getting ahead of that challenge of seeking the future, seeing what it'll be like and preparing ourselves for the future demands.</para>
<para>Out of the 47 recommendations from the accord report, this government is implementing 31, and that includes some major improvements: doubling the number of university hubs across regional and suburban Australia, making it easier for people to study close to home—we know that, when you have options to study closer to home, it becomes a much easier task; expanding free university bridging courses, helping more Australians get the skills they need to begin a degree; and something students have been asking for for many, many years, and that is paid practical. For the first time, university students doing mandatory placements in areas like nursing, teaching and social work will finally receive some financial relief. We all know the pressures students are under. Many work part-time jobs. They're looking after family members and dealing with rising costs all while studying, so paid prac will be life-changing for so many students.</para>
<para>We're also strengthening student advocacy. Under the new rules, at least 40 per cent of student services and amenity fees must go to student led organisations, making sure that students have a real voice on campus. And we're expanding Commonwealth Supported Places for First Nations students and introducing a national code to better respond to gender based violence in higher education, something that has been urgently needed. Let's not forget: we've already cut HECS debts by 20 per cent for current students and graduates, and that's real relief for so many Australian students.</para>
<para>ATEC is the next great thing this government will implement. This new commission will have a clear mission guided by the new National Tertiary Education Objective. Basically, one shared vision for the whole tertiary system means universities and TAFEs will finally be working towards the same goals, not competing or operating in separate silos. ATEC will have three expert commissioners—a chief commissioner, a First Nations commissioner and another commissioner—with deep expertise. At least one must have strong VET knowledge, because vocational education is just as important as university education. These commissioners a appointed based on experience, not politics, and they'll make decisions based on evidence, research, fairness and what's best for Australian students, enforcing the commission's independence.</para>
<para>One of ATEC's main jobs will be working with universities to create mission based compacts. These are agreements that spell out what each university actually stands for—their strengths, their goals and how they serve their community. And every university, of course, is different. Some lead in medical research, others in teaching, others in science and others in regional development or industry partnerships. These compacts will reflect that diversity while still lining up with national goals. We want to ensure that they're not rigid. They'll evolve as circumstances change, when different needs arise through different industries. If a university hits a bump in the road, where enrolments shift or there are economic changes or workforce shortages, ATEC won't punish them; it will work alongside them and to adjust the compact if needed to achieve their objectives and help them improve. It's about a partnership. It's not about punishment. Only if a university consistently fails to meet its commitments and only after genuine engagement would ATEC take stronger measures like applying a default compact.</para>
<para>This is about fairness, accountability and supporting high-quality education across the broader spectrum. It's about creating a stable and universal system to support higher educational institutions and, of course, students. In the years ahead, as the government introduces needs based funding and a more sustainable growth system for students places, ATEC will help manage that growth so it's strategic and supports national priorities. It may also have a role in allocating international student commencements in the future. Importantly, equity is built into the heart of this reform. ATEC must always consider the needs of people who face barriers to education, such as First Nations students, people with disabilities, those from lower income backgrounds and Australians living in regional or remote areas. To support this, they'll have a dedicated First Nations commissioner and a First Nations advisory committee, ensuring Indigenous voices sit at the centre of decision-making.</para>
<para>Finally, ATEC won't be working in a vacuum; it'll be consulting widely with universities, students, industry, state and tertiary governments, and communities. Every year it'll publish a state and tertiary education system report so everyone can see how we're tracking. This is very exciting news—especially for my home state of South Australia, with the high-tech defence builds that are taking place. We will need, it's estimated, over 30,000 employees over the next 10 to 15 years. Many of them will come through universities, TAFEs and higher technical learning. ATEC will play a massive role in the universities' goals and where they specialise, ensuring we're training students and people for the future positions that will exist not just in South Australia but all over Australia.</para>
<para>When we think of education and we go back to my days in school—or your days, Deputy Speaker Young—there are now job titles and technology that weren't even dreamt of back then. This is evolving so quickly, so we need to be on top of it. As high-tech industries evolve and come to fruition, we need to be prepared with a workforce—and that workforce will come from universities and TAFEs, and through higher learning.</para>
<para>I commend these bills to the House. It is a very good policy area that ensures we plan for the future and we plan together in partnership with our universities, TAFEs and vet courses, to ensure we produce the workforce that's required to keep this country's economy going for many years into the future.</para>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>12:26</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr BIRRELL</name>
    <name.id>288713</name.id>
    <electorate>Nicholls</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I, too, rise to speak on the Universities Accord (Australian Tertiary Education Commission) Bill 2025 and the Universities Accord (Australian Tertiary Education Commission) (Consequential and Transitional Provisions) Bill 2025. I acknowledge the support for the principle of ATEC in the university sector, but, given the flaws, omissions and governance issues in this legislation, I have reservations about a further bureaucracy in the tertiary sector and the way that that bureaucracy would be structured and operate. The Nationals and the coalition believe in less regulation and less red tape, not more of it. The combination of additional regulation and duplication, or regulatory overlap, is even less desirable.</para>
<para>I also have concerns about the lack of regional representation on the commission. This is a great concern, and it goes against the recommendations of the accord report for the ATEC board to include several further commissioners, including an equity commissioner and a regional education commissioner. There are also concerns around the lack of independence in ATEC. ATEC will prepare reports and provide advice and recommendations if requested by the minister, and the minister will dictate what it should be providing advice on.</para>
<para>The bills enshrine a national tertiary education objective for which ATEC must have regard—among other things, driving a national, economic and social development and environmental sustainability, as recommended in the report. ATEC, around these parameters, will negotiate new tailored mission based compacts. What are those missions, and on what basis are they driving national, economic and social development and environmental sustainability? Those things, and how to achieve those aspects in our country—and what those aspects even are—are highly contested, including in this place. I would hate to see the tertiary sector, via a commission, be the instrument through which a minister of the day directs it to try and drive a certain type of ideology.</para>
<para>In terms of regional education, standalone regional universities and universities that have committed long-term to regional campuses should be specifically recognised in any commission and in any focus on any bureaucracy—indeed, by the existing department—on growth funding and sustainability. We must have comfort around what an additional layer of bureaucracy will achieve in the tertiary sector, and we should have questions in respect to the cost of ATEC. ATEC will cost $54 million. That's $54 million for a bureaucracy that is designed to direct. Not one cent of that $54 million goes to students or their actual education. So it's another layer of education bureaucracy delivered at considerable cost. Will it deliver what we need, and is it merely going to duplicate things that are being done or should be being done by the Department of Education?</para>
<para>Many people in this place have talked about how important tertiary education is and what an incredible impact it can have on people's and families' lives. It's the same with me. I've always thought, when it comes to tertiary education, particularly in this day and age as opposed to previously—previously tertiary education was seen as something you did when you left school, but, now, it's becoming something that people can access at different times in their lives—that when people can access tertiary education is critically important. Being from a regional electorate, I argue strongly that where they can access tertiary education is extremely important. Tertiary education needs to be relevant to critical thinking and the contest of ideas. I worry that the way this legislation is worded tries to direct the tertiary sector in certain directions without that overlay of critical thinking and a battle of ideas.</para>
<para>The coalition has a strong record of supporting universities, particularly regional universities. In my own electorate, the previous coalition government funded an expansion of the La Trobe University campus, and that has had a significant impact on the delivery of tertiary education opportunities for people who, for a variety of reasons, can't go to capital cities to participate. In addition, one of the great initiatives of the previous coalition government, working together with the tertiary sector, was to develop the medicine pathway of the Bachelor of Biomedical Science undergraduate degree, leading into a Doctor of Medicine postgraduate degree. Apart from the James Cook program in Townsville, it's the first time there's been a regional end-to-end medical degree. The first lot of graduates graduated earlier this year, and I was there to see that. Talking to these students—these are students who would never have got involved and would never have done a medical degree if they had had to go to a city to do it. But, because it was offered in their hometown—namely, in greater Shepparton—we are going to get some fabulous new, young doctors who have a regional focus.</para>
<para>In addition, my own experience is of a Bachelor of Agricultural Science, which I completed at the Dookie campus of the University of Melbourne. It is commendable that a university such as the University of Melbourne has a commitment to a regional campus and a regional area and to agricultural science, which is best delivered in the regions.</para>
<para>ATEC was one of the recommendations from the Australian Universities Accord report. This was published in February 2024. The legislation enshrines the national tertiary education objective, which I've spoken about. On 27 November 2025, these bills were referred to the Senate Education and Employment Legislation Committee. The committee is due to report towards the end of this month—on 26 February, I believe. I, and others around the parliament, will be very interested in their findings and recommendations. Perhaps, it would have been wise to get those findings and recommendations as part of helping draft this legislation.</para>
<para>The same committee held a previous inquiry into the quality of governance at Australian higher education providers, and it reported in December 2025, and additional opposition comments noted, the 'increasingly dense and fragmented regulatory environment' that the tertiary education sector faced. If they're saying that there's an increasingly dense and fragmented regulatory environment, and we add another layer of bureaucracy, is that regulatory environment going to become more dense and fragmented?</para>
<para>I acknowledged earlier the support within the sector for ATEC, but it's not unequivocal. I just want to touch on some of the submissions to the inquiry. Regional Universities Network were supportive of the establishment of ATEC, but proposed amendments to the bill. Those amendments were around flexibility to adjust the number of commissioners and a need to provide robust, unprompted advice to government at its own discretion, including on the student contribution component of higher education and on university research, training and infrastructure. Regional Universities Network recommended specific mentions of students' teaching and learning, research and research training as well as equity, participation and attainment, and the need to acknowledge and preserve that institutional diversity that exists within the system. The Regional Universities Network, unsurprisingly, said that ATEC should have more commissioners, and that one of those commissioners should be a regional commissioner. That is not part of this legislation.</para>
<para>Likewise, Charles Sturt University were supportive in principle but suggested, again, at least five commissioners, consistent with the accord, supported by secretariat staff with people with experience in tertiary education in regional settings, regional consideration embedded into governance and funding provided for the high costs associated with regional teaching, research and infrastructure.</para>
<para>Universities Australia had qualified support. They wanted ATEC to be independent and properly resourced, with the ministerial veto over ATEC's work program, inquiries and publications to be removed. They wanted ATEC to be clarified as a strategic steward, not a regulator, to avoid duplication with TEQSA.</para>
<para>Federation University were the same—in-principle support with issues to be addressed to embed a place based equity guarantee and mission based compacts so that students can study locally. They recommended clarifying how ATEC balances ministerial priorities, equity objectives and community need when setting compacts. Federation University also said that equity and regional participation experts should be included in ATEC leadership appointments. So you can see the flavour of both those universities those operate solely in the regions and also those that have a strong regional presence, including the University of Melbourne and La Trobe University in my electorate. They want any type of commission to have a very strong regional focus with a regional commissioner.</para>
<para>An interim ATEC is already operating, and the legislation will enshrine its operations and authority. I think that clearly there are issues that still need to be addressed and improvements that can be made. I think those improvements may be identified by the Senate inquiry when it releases its report later this month. I think there are a lot of elements and a big question to ask as to what the Department of Education will do. What should it be doing that ATEC seeks to do? There are questions about the crossover and duplication of that.</para>
<para>I'll go back to clause 13, on the national tertiary education objective. I think we all agree with the bit about promoting a strong, equitable and resilient democracy. But, on the bit about 'driving national, economic and social development and environmental sustainability', I put that the university sector should focus on the objectives of teaching, learning and research. Those objectives of teaching, learning and research should be aimed at promoting a dynamic and innovative sector that provides a positive student experience, promotes critical thinking and the contest of ideas, delivers value for money and improves Australia's productivity, and supports Australian values. On those last two points, productivity is something that absolutely needs to improve in Australia. We are lagging behind, and many of the economic headwinds we are facing are there because of our productivity challenges.</para>
<para>In addition, the Australian values, which we hold so dear, are under threat. I think we all need to accept that. Sometimes they're under threat from a lack of a robust, challenged contest of ideas in the tertiary sector. I think we need to acknowledge that because our social cohesion depends on it. In conclusion, we have many reservations about the ATEC concept and, particularly, with the way this bill has been drafted. Thank you.</para>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>12:40</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr HILL</name>
    <name.id>86256</name.id>
    <electorate>Bruce</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I listened carefully to a few of the opposition speakers, and I feel sorry for them, in that it must be quite painful sitting on the barbed-wire fence. On one hand, there were some very good points made there—they were quoting some of the Senate submissions—but, on the other, I'm still none the wiser as to whether they support the bill or oppose the bill. Time will tell. There were a lot of feelings, a lot of opinions, a lot of anxieties and a lot of worries, but there was not much clarity or anything even resembling a policy or a voting position.</para>
<para>This is a huge reform, though, for the tertiary education system. I think it'll take years or decades for Australians to look back and realise just what a significant moment this is—to recreate an independent commission to steward the tertiary education system, in particular the universities, but not only the universities. And I'll get to that.</para>
<para>I just want to affirm one thing the previous speaker said, and that is about the importance of regional education, and then I'll go back to the substance of the Universities Accord (Australian Tertiary Education Commission) Bill 2025. This government agrees with the importance of regional education. It's one of the reasons we've put in place the university study hubs—to improve access to education for regional and outer suburban students—but there's a really big systemic reform. I'm not going to take lectures, the sanctimony or the little backhanders suggesting that somehow the government's been against regional education. It's quite the opposite. Under their whole previous term of government, a regional student was funded exactly the same as a metropolitan student, even though everyone knew it cost more to teach a regional student than a metropolitan student. In response, over the last couple of decades, many of the regional universities have set up these CBD campuses to teach students, often international students, in the cities; make a bit of profit; clip the ticket; and pass the profit back to help fund the cost of teaching regional students.</para>
<para>I'm not going to victim-blame like many in the opposition are doing or like the Menzies Research Centre's ridiculous, dodgy so-called research paper they put out a couple of weeks ago using data that was either three years old or that was just made up—it didn't exist. It was a rational response by the regional vice-chancellors to deal with the structural funding problems. We're putting in a regional student funding load to add a load so that a student taught in a regional area will get some extra funding, as they should.</para>
<para>I also heard of the coalition's love and fondness for the university sector. I would remind the member opposite—I don't know whether he was a member here under the former Morrison regime, the cabal, with its secret ministries and dodgy decisions. He got up one budget, and they cut $3 billion from the university sector. The question was 'what are they going to do about that?', and he said, 'You should just go and recruit more international students.' And then, at the same time, the same prime minister and the mob opposite were saying the universities have gone and recruited too many international students—to make up for the funding that the Liberals and the Nationals cut.</para>
<para>Back to the substance of the bill. It introduces an independent commission to steward the system. The last commission was created, I think, in 1943 by the Curtin Labor government, by John Curtin. It was under Curtin's influence, actually, that the Commonwealth government began to take a bigger role and a bigger interest, structurally and systemically, in education, which, constitutionally, was primarily a matter for regulation by the states. The Universities Commission was set up first in 1943, but, by July 1945, Commonwealth policy under the Curtin government and then the Chifley government provided for the establishment of a Commonwealth office for education, legislation to place the Universities Commission on a more permanent basis, grants to universities to meet the costs of buildings and facilities and associated expenditure connected with the Commonwealth Reconstruction Training Scheme, and the establishment of a truly national university. In fact, it is still the only university that's regulated by Commonwealth statute created by the Commonwealth—the Australian National University. They were big changes.</para>
<para>Then, in 1988, as part of the Dawkins reforms under the Hawke Labor government, the judgement was taken that that system had run its race, and the previous Universities Commission was abolished. It did set the system up for incredible success. For all the culture wars and the bagging of universities—there are some social licence issues, no doubt. I met with the Go8 vice-chancellors this morning, here in Canberra, and had a pretty direct discussion about some of that. But, for all the culture wars that abound, we have incredible universities in this country. If there's anything that punches above its weight, surely it's our university system.</para>
<para>Three per cent of the world's research and knowledge output is generated here in Australia, which is well above its population share. We have multiple universities ranked globally in the top 100. That's something we can be proud of, but it's a choice we make as a country. We can choose to fund universities properly, to fund research and create new knowledge, or we can choose not to. Well, this government chooses to chase excellence. Those 1988 reforms set the system up for success. They expanded access to university to millions of Australians who were previously locked out and improved research quality. They set up the institutions for success. But the truth is like any big structural reforms the world changes, and they've run their race. Indeed, many of the architects of those reforms I've seen quoted as contributing—through this debate, from the accord and in other things like this that have flowed from the accord—have said they're surprised that some of those reforms lasted as long as they have.</para>
<para>The government's judgement, flowing from the accord, is that we need to move past the system that we've created where every university—metropolitan, regional, research intensive, teaching intensive, highly ranked or focused on access—operates under the same incentives, the same funding structure and the same requirements. One of the key recommendations from the accord is to have a trusted, independent commission to steward the system. I acknowledge the previous speaker's comments about seeking reassurance that the ATEC, the Australian Tertiary Education Commission, is intended to steward the system and not be another regulator. That is indeed what the bill provides, and that is the government's intention.</para>
<para>As well as universities, I'll give a shout out to the non-university higher ed providers, who are commonly called private providers or colleges. They teach a large number of students in Australia, international and domestic, and the ATEC needs to have a role in understanding and shaping their contribution to the system, but it also needs to take a broader view for vocational education and training to create a better, more joined-up system to break down the 'black and white' barrier between TAFEs, VET and higher education. This is a critical part of meeting the government's bold target, an ambitious target, to see 80 per cent of Australians in the workforce have some kind of tertiary education qualification by 2050. It's not university snobbery, as some might say. It includes certificates, diplomas, graduate diplomas and vocational education and training. The system needs to be more integrated, and we need to value all parts of the tertiary system.</para>
<para>Tertiary education is absolutely critical for our country's prosperity. It changes people's lives—individually but also collectively—it creates new knowledge, it supports society to solve important challenges and problems, and it supports industry to apply that knowledge. This Labor government's focus on education builds on a fine Labor tradition. It's not about equality of outcome; it's about equality of opportunity. Every kid in Australia, no matter where they're born and no matter their family upbringing or their economic circumstances, should have the same access to education and a fair crack at life. John Curtin's belief in the value of education never dimmed. In 1932 he wrote:</para>
<quote><para class="block">The pursuit of knowledge is far more important than even knowledge itself.</para></quote>
<para>That is why the Labor movement has always striven, even passionately, for educative opportunities for all. It's my mum's story, it's been part of my family's story, and it's the story of many people in this chamber—first in family to go to university or TAFE or even to complete year 12.</para>
<para>This is a bold goal, and it can only be achieved with big changes. One change is in how the system is steered, which is the ATEC—long after many of us are here, the Tertiary Education Commission should still be there steering and shaping the system to fulfil those goals in the accord. Another change is in how the system is funded. I touched on some of that, but if time permits I'll mention more of that. We need to focus, though, if we're going to achieve that goal, on certain parts of Australia and particularly on the regions, the outer suburbs and disadvantaged communities where participation is low.</para>
<para>There are many parts of our cities, particularly the wealthier suburbs, where frankly those kids are going to go to university anyway or will pursue TAFE if that's what they wish. But there are many parts of our cities, including in some parts that I represent, where the participation of young Australians in post-school education is far, far lower than the wealthier parts of our country. So the ATEC is going to have to focus on what the system needs to do, what universities need to do and what the vocational training system needs to do as an adjunct to get those young Australians into tertiary education.</para>
<para>I agree with the previous speaker's contribution too that it's not all from school to tertiary education. Life is not a linear progression these days. Many people will go in and out of the tertiary education system while they're working, whether it's for sabbaticals and study breaks or blending study with work as they go on through their lives.</para>
<para>It does mean changing the funding, though, so that students not currently going into tertiary education are supported to do so. That's what free TAFE is about, and I acknowledge the work of the Minister for Skills and Training and the Prime Minister's focus on free TAFE, which as of, I think, the last couple of weeks marks its three-year anniversary. We've seen more than 775,000 free TAFE enrolments and more than 210,000 completions, with hundreds of thousands of students still studying. It contrasts with the contribution of the now opposition leader—well, she's today's opposition leader; we'll see what tomorrow brings, or Wednesday or Thursday or Friday; we'll see if she lasts the week—on free TAFE: 'It was a waste of money, and, if you don't pay for it, you don't value it.' Well, hundreds of thousands of Australians have said they do value study in these critical skills shortage areas, and that's a good thing for our country.</para>
<para>Also, there are study hubs. There are 20 regional and 14 suburban study hubs, which are about bringing higher education closer to those students who are not able to access campuses or whose families or family circumstances have meant they're not able to access, or haven't had the support to access, tertiary education. I was very pleased on behalf of the minister last year to launch the Melton study hub in outer-western Melbourne.</para>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">Ms Jordan-Baird</name>
    <name.id>316021</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>Hear, hear!</para>
</interjection>
<continue>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">Mr HILL</name>
    <name.id>86256</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>That's right—out your way, Member for Gorton. It was an incredible set of stories—absolutely fantastic. There was a single mum with a couple of kids who said she can't study at home. She gets a bit of support so she can go to the study hub and actually get her assignments done and do her study, hungry as she is to complete her bachelor's degree.</para>
<para>And, of course, there is the needs based funding model. The ATEC will lead the implementation of needs based funding and the Managed Growth Funding System and work to progress that more joined-up tertiary system we need. The government is investing an additional $2.5 billion in the medium term to introduce the Managed Growth Funding System and a demand driven, needs based funding system. These are also big structural changes, because, in a more managed system, we're trying to swing the pendulum back to the middle. It's neither a centrally planned system bureaucratically controlled to the nth degree, where Canberra allocates all the students and all the courses, nor a largely deregulated system, where every institution has the same incentives and, frankly, where the big elephants—at times in the Go8 but also elsewhere—can go hunting and eat everyone else's food. We can't see a system where most of the students go to eight or nine universities, starving the others—which are critical for access in the suburbs and the regions—of students who are also bright. It is a more managed system, and that's what's come out of the accord and has broad support. Importantly, though, no university will be going backwards and universities with higher enrolments will get more support.</para>
<para>I'll just touch on the last couple of points. I heard some of the contributions; wearing my Assistant Minister for International Education hat, I'll make a couple of points. This bill is about building the house and getting the legal basis for the commission. There's work underway; the government has asked the interim ATEC to progress work, which it's doing with the sector, to look at the right approach for the domestic student allocations and the funding models. We've started to move towards needs based funding with regional loadings and equity student loadings. The ATEC is doing further work, and then that will come back in, or can come back in, in a subsequent bill.</para>
<para>Similarly, with the international student allocations, which a number of speakers have touched on, the ATEC should have a role in allocating international students as part of mission compacts. I make the point really clearly that each institution can have its own mission, its own mandate, to serve its community—whether that's a region or a part of a metropolitan area—and focus on its areas of excellence and research, the right blend of teaching, its international profile, offshore international partnerships. But what kind of cake are they trying to bake? What kind of entity are they trying to create? That's the mission compact. What's the vision? International students have to be part of that. Some universities want a very small percentage of international students; that's the kind of experience they want to create. Others are big, particularly in their postgrad—a lot of the Go8 are big globalised institutions—where they want a truly international experience in some of those courses. That's OK, but each university has to go through the discipline of articulating their vision, their mission, what they're trying to create and get that agreed through the mission compact. There's more work to come, but I really commend this bill to the House. We'll have a look at what the Senate inquiry puts forward and listen to sensible suggestions, but this is a really big structural reform.</para>
</continue>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>12:55</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms WATSON-BROWN</name>
    <name.id>300127</name.id>
    <electorate>Ryan</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>Our higher education sector is in crisis. Corporatisation and a dangerous, generational neoliberal agenda have hollowed out our universities. I say 'generational' as one who, gratefully, started their studies at UQ, the University of Queensland, in my electorate, courtesy of free education in 1974. I still have an association with that university. I'm still an adjunct professor there. I've actually lived this history that we're talking about today. The crisis in tertiary education has sort of tracked that generational time span, and I believe it's clearly for the worse. Casualisation, wage theft and job cuts are absolutely rife in the sector. These are actual truths and are to the clear detriment of the most important people involved in the sector—the teachers, the researchers, the students and, indeed, the future of Australia.</para>
<para>I saw some wonderful, young schoolkids up in the gallery just before. I want them to have the same opportunities that my generation had, and that is clearly not the case at the moment. The cost of degrees is spiralling, and the government has let four years pass with no action at all to repeal the disastrous Job-ready Graduates Package, which Labor's own accord said required 'urgent remediation'. The creation of a truly independent tertiary education commission, a core recommendation of that universities accord, would create the opportunity to reform our higher education sector for the better so that our universities can actually return to their core purpose of high quality, accessible public education and research.</para>
<para>The Universities Accord (Australian Tertiary Education Commission) Bill 2025, unfortunately, does not represent that vision. The model put forward by the government is essentially setting up an extension of the Department of Education without adequate powers to instigate their own research or recommendations or to act independently. The actual sector has been very clear in their criticism of this bill. Universities Australia has said that, as currently drafted, the bill does not deliver on aspirations for an independent body to design and drive the longer term reform that is absolutely, desperately required. Their view, which has been echoed by a number of stakeholders, is that the bill should not be passed in its current form.</para>
<para>Amendments are required to ensure that the ATEC is sufficiently independent and sufficiently resourced to deliver the reform that is required. Students, staff and university leadership have been clear that the most urgent issue facing the sector is the failure to reform Job-ready Graduates, a disastrous package that has sent student debt skyrocketing and has hollowed out public funding for universities. Everyone bar the Albanese Labor government has been unanimous in their calls for JRG to be repealed. The government kicked the can down the road for years while we waited for the accord process to conclude, and now they are kicking that can further down that long road.</para>
<para>It appears that it will be years before we see the end of $50,000 arts degrees. Indeed, with an ATEC beholden to the minister, we may never see it at all. How does that advantage university students and the whole sector? The Albanese Labor government could repeal the Job-ready Graduates fee hikes and funding cuts today. They could do that today. They could live up to the promise of the universities accord by establishing a truly independent ATEC that is able to fulfil the role of stewarding a struggling but absolutely crucial sector. Given the flaws with this bill and the inexcusable delay to reforming Job-ready Graduates, the Greens will be abstaining in the House, and we'll be reserving our position in the Senate. It is abundantly clear that this bill needs comprehensive amendments to make it fit for purpose.</para>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>12:59</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms JORDAN-BAIRD</name>
    <name.id>316021</name.id>
    <electorate>Gorton</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I rise today to speak in support of the Universities Accord (Australian Tertiary Education Commission) Bill 2025. This bill is about the future of universities and higher education in Australia. At the heart of it is the creation of the Australian Tertiary Education Commission or ATEC. The purpose of this bill is to set up the Australian Tertiary Education Commission. Think of it as a coach or a navigator for our universities and TAFE. It doesn't run the universities, but it makes sure they're doing what they should—giving students a great education and offering courses that actually matter. ATEC is going to be the blueprint for improving our higher education system. It will make sure universities deliver high-quality teaching. It will support world-class research, and it will help students get the skills Australia needs—the skills to contribute to our economy, support their local communities and play their part in shaping a stronger, fairer and better Australia.</para>
<para>If you're wondering how the ATEC will actually work, here's how it'll go. The minister will appoint three commissioners to lead it. One of them will be a First Nations commissioner. That's so the voices and perspective of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians are front and centre of everything ATEC does. At least one of the other commissioners will have real experience with VET. That's vocational education and training. So we're connecting universities and TAFE in a smarter, more connected way. We don't want these systems working in silos. We want them talking to each other. We want students moving between them, learning the skills they actually need to get ahead in life and contribute to our country.</para>
<para>Over the next 10 years, nine out of 10 new jobs will require post-secondary education. Around half of those new jobs will require a VET qualification. That means more people at TAFE and more people at university. That's why Labor introduced free TAFE for all Australians and why we've made it permanent. It's here to stay. Since we introduced free TAFE, it's seen over 725,000 enrolments across the country. And, let me tell you, free TAFE is changing lives. I know this. I know this because my husband, Christopher, is one of the 725,000 enrolments in free TAFE. Thanks to this program, he was able to retrain later in life to become an electrician. I really can't emphasise enough what free TAFE means for people. Free TAFE is giving people the skills to back themselves, to build a career and to support their families and skills that help our countries and our communities thrive. For over 13 per cent of people in my community of Gorton, it's opening doors and it's opening opportunities and it's working. Over 210,000 TAFE courses have been completed. That means more people are starting careers as nurses, carpenters, aged-care workers, electricians, early childhood educators and so many more. These are the jobs that keep our communities moving, the jobs that help people live better lives.</para>
<para>The ATEC won't be working on its own either. It will be supported by the Department of Education, which means it will have access to the expertise, resources and networks it needs to do its job properly. It's not just about setting rules; it's about making sure universities are actually delivering for students, for communities and for the workforce that our future needs. This is the kind of leadership and oversight that will make a real difference. ATEC will work with universities to set goals for the number of domestic and international students they teach. It will provide advice to federal, state and territory governments about the best way to run the higher education system. ATEC will also take on responsibility for setting and maintaining national standards in higher education. That means making sure universities are doing what they're meant to do and doing it well.</para>
<para>Every year, ATEC will publish a state of the tertiary education system report. This report will tell us how the system is tracking. It will tell us what's working, will tell us where the gaps are and will tell us what we need to do better, especially for the students who are getting locked out or left behind. And this really matters because the universities accord is clear: in the decades ahead, more Australians will need skills and qualifications—a certificate, a diploma or a degree—because right now Australia has real shortages. We need to build more homes, and then we need more tradies and we need more technicians. We have an ageing population, so we need more community and care workers. We also need more disability support workers, childcare workers, nurses. The ATEC is about making sure that that pipeline works and that supply matches demand. It's about planning ahead, linking education with real jobs and making sure students are learning skills that actually lead somewhere, because, when education works, everything else follows.</para>
<para>It will really make a difference to communities, including my own local community in Melbourne's western suburbs. My electorate of Gorton is young. We're one of the youngest federal electorates in the country. The median age is 35 years old, and we have more than 40,000 residents aged between 25 and 39. When we're talking about HECS debt, these are the people we're talking about. Around 26,000 people in my electorate have student debt. They're the same people who are trying to save for a deposit to get into the housing market, paying mortgages and bills, and starting families. In Melbourne's west, we're young, we're diverse and we're full of families working hard to get ahead. For those at university age, it's people who are juggling work, study and family and trying to work out how to take the next step. But many people still face barriers to education and training. ATEC will help by making sure universities and TAFEs are offering the right courses in the right places, with the right support around students. It will encourage diversity in our universities. It will keep an eye on equity and skills targets. It will help build a more connected system that actually works for students.</para>
<para>One of my biggest passions has always been education and helping young people get ahead. That comes from my own experience. Like many people in this place, I was once a student too. I studied neuroscience at the University of Melbourne. While it might not feel that long ago, I remember what it was like balancing study, work and the pressure of trying to set yourself up for the future. I know just how the education system can shape the path of a young person. When it works, it opens doors. When it doesn't, it can hold people back.</para>
<para>That's why this bill matters to me. It's about making sure higher education actually works for students, it's about giving young people real opportunities, and it's about building a system that supports them to succeed no matter where they come from or what their background is. Universities will also have the flexibility to follow their own goals while meeting the needs of their students and communities. It's so that students can get the education they want and communities can benefit from graduates who are ready to work locally and contribute to the economy.</para>
<para>The Albanese Labor government has already delivered 31 of the accord report's 47 recommendations. We've doubled university study hubs in regional and suburban areas. My community in Melbourne's west has seen the benefits from this, with the suburban university study hub in Melton in the member for Hawke's electorate. These are amazing. For students in any tertiary education setting, it means they can access campus-style study spaces, onsite admin and academic support and a range of other student support services, all free of charge. That's what this is really about—giving communities like mine the educational opportunities they deserve, because every Aussie deserves access to the resources they need to build their own future.</para>
<para>We've also increased free university bridging courses. This one is about helping more students to prepare for university, particularly for those students from underrepresented backgrounds. We're providing more opportunities for pathways into higher education, and we've introduced paid prac for teaching, nursing, midwifery and social work students. These Commonwealth prac payments are a big one for students juggling cost-of-living and study pressures. The $331 these eligible students earn per week while doing their mandatory prac placements as part of their degrees is tangible, real cost-of-living relief. Like the other measures, it's designed to make university and training more accessible. Then there are the student services and amenities fees, of which we've made sure universities put at least 40 per cent back into student led organisations, and the Commonwealth supported places which we've made available to all First Nations students who meet the entry requirements. We've introduced the National Student Ombudsman and the National Higher Education Code to Prevent and Respond to Gender-based Violence.</para>
<para>We've made HECS fairer. We've cut 20 per cent off student debt. Let me be clear: wiping 20 per cent off every student's HECS debt wasn't just a policy idea; it was our government's priority. It was the very first piece of legislation this Labor government introduced into parliament after we came into government last year. By Christmas, millions of Australians saw that reduction for themselves the next time they logged into their myGov account. Those with an average debt of $27,600 have seen a reduction of $5,520 in their outstanding debt. This means that students can keep more of what they earn—no applications, no form, just real cost-of-living relief. We've capped the interest so young people's student debt doesn't spiral out of control, and we've raised the minimum repayment threshold so students aren't forced to pay back more than they can afford. This means that, for example, if you earn $27,000 a year, you will save over $1,000 a year in repayments. You can still pay off more if you want to, but what it does is make the system fairer for everyone, no matter what their income is.</para>
<para>This is real and tangible, and it will make a difference to the lives of millions of Australians right across the country. It's those people who this Labor government cares about, and it's who we have legislated real change for. These are just some of the ways we are helping make life a little bit more affordable—not just now but into the future, too. It's about lifting a real burden off the shoulders of young Australians who are working hard to build their own future. People shouldn't be held back by debt for decades. This isn't just a number on a page. It matters to families like mine. It matters to the 26,000 university students in my electorate of Gorton, who are juggling study, work and everyday life. It's practical, it's fair and it's exactly the kind of commonsense reform that helps young Aussies get ahead.</para>
<para>The ATEC will build on the work already underway. It will give practical, clear advice to government. It will keep track of equity and skills targets, and it will help create a more connected system so it's easier for students to get the qualifications they need, without hitting roadblocks along the way. It will also help bring universities and TAFE closer together so students aren't forced to choose one path and stick with it forever. They'll be able to move between systems, build their skills over time and get the training Australia actually needs.</para>
<para>This bill is about building a system that works for students, not just institutions—a system where every student has a fair shot, a system where students from underrepresented backgrounds aren't pushed to the margins but are properly supported to succeed. It's about making sure no-one is left behind and about giving every Australian the chance to study, train and gain skills that they'll use for the rest of their life. It's about planning for the future of our country. A strong tertiary education system isn't just good for students; it's good for families, it's good for local businesses and it's good for communities right across Australia.</para>
<para>This bill delivers a stronger, fairer and more connected tertiary education system—one that's ready for what comes next, one that supports students, backs communities and helps build a better Australia for all of us. We're a government that invests in Australians, our people, unlike the opposition, who believe that if you don't pay for something you don't value it. We know that, when we invest in our people, our society, our economy and our future benefit many times over. We're a government that cares about what makes a real difference to the lives of Australians—cost-of-living measures, Medicare, affordable housing—and that knows the transformative quality of education, not just for individuals but for all of Australia. I commend this bill to the house.</para>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>13:12</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms PENFOLD</name>
    <name.id>248895</name.id>
    <electorate>Lyne</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I rise to speak on the Universities Accord (Australian Tertiary Education Commission) Bill 2025. I appreciate that legislating to establish an Australian tertiary education commission is a recommendation of the report stemming from the review of Australia's higher education sector. Such recommendations must be seriously considered and are not easily dismissed. Stewardship in and of the university sector is more critical than ever at present. Rising antisemitism on campuses across the country, the challenge of AI on academic oversight and student learning and assessment, changing enrolment patterns and the alignment of courses to business needs are just some of the challenges the sector faces.</para>
<para>This bill seeks to establish an ATEC with the following objectives: to promote a strong, equitable and resilient democracy and to drive national economic and social development and environmental sustainability. How this objective can even go close to fixing the serious problems in the tertiary sector is, frankly, beyond me. This bill is about a solution looking for a problem—and it's a costly solution, at a time when the government should be looking for prudence in expenditure, not a bureaucratic pool party on taxpayers.</para>
<para>I'm one of the few Australians who've been fortunate to receive a university education. The last census shows that just under a quarter of Australians have had a tertiary education. I'm only the second in my family to attend university. The first was my late aunt, as a mature age student pursuing a fine arts degree at Macquarie University, for which she received a university medal. I myself am a graduate of the Australian National University, with a degree in Korean language. I'm grateful for my education and proud to have attended the ANU and Burgmann College for three of the four years of my degree. During it, I was privileged to receive an Australian government Asian languages scholarship to study in South Korea, which I did for a year at Sogang University.</para>
<para>I say all this to demonstrate that I am a supporter of tertiary education and a beneficiary of it—of its role in the development of our national intellectual capital, innovation and cultural growth. But I cannot support these bills. I cannot support such a vague objective being institutionalised and bureaucratised in Australia.</para>
<para>I take issue with the proposal on a number of levels. Firstly, it will add another layer of education bureaucracy at significant cost, which will not take our universities forward. Here we have yet another attempt by this Labor government to shift responsibility and, in turn, accountability to yet another bureaucratic, expensive, red-tape-laden authority, which I seriously doubt is being done according to the will of Australians. Whenever I talk to constituents, not one has ever voiced to me their desire to see the creation and maintenance of additional bureaucratic layers at the taxpayer's expense. Furthermore, ATEC will be assisted by the Department of Education—as if that department doesn't already have enough on its plate.</para>
<para>Secondly, the bills omit certain components of the ATEC recommendations by the accord report. As I noted earlier, despite my concerns I acknowledge that the establishment of ATEC is a recommendation of the Australian Universities Accord review and report. The minister has himself championed the recommendations of the report, yet he has chosen not to champion all the recommendations in it. Recommendation 30g says:</para>
<quote><para class="block">The Australian Tertiary Education Commission should be governed by a Board comprising the Chief Commissioner as Chair, 2 Deputy Commissioners, the TEQSA Chief Commissioner, the ARC Board Chair, a First Nations Commissioner, an Equity Commissioner and the Regional Education Commissioner.</para></quote>
<para>It was recommended that a regional education commissioner be created to reflect the goals and aspirations of regional students and regional tertiary education. Instead, in these bills, Labor has ignored that recommendation and is not going to appoint a commissioner to represent regional interests but, instead, will appoint one based on ethnicity, so that, among three commissioners, one must be a First Nations commissioner.</para>
<para>In a MPI debate last week, the Minister for Emergency Management, responding on behalf of the government, repeatedly argued that the Albanese government is a better friend to regional Australia than the National Party, that the Albanese government prioritises outcomes for regional Australia. These bills prove exactly the opposite. The Albanese government's apparent deep regard and commitment to the interests of regional Australia is noticeably absent in this legislation, which deliberately rejects the universities accord report and recommendation to establish a regional education commissioner to represent regional and rural students in educational institutions. Such an omission is an undeniable affront to regional Australia. There is a regional education commissioner, originally appointed under a coalition government, and one that we are grateful the current government has continued to support. But why ignore this recommendation? There's no explanation, and it's an odd omission. Do the government not value the views and perspectives of the regional tertiary education sector? Do they not want ATEC to consider the particular challenges of delivering tertiary education in the country?</para>
<para>It goes further. The bills have been referred to the Senate Education and Employment Legislation Committee, which is not due to report until 26 February 2026. A number of regional university stakeholders, however, have already raised, in their submissions, various issues with these bills. Regional development bodies and regional universities, though supportive of the bills' recognition of the need for change in the university sector, argue that this recognition of regional Australia is not matched by the bills. Submissions note there is no legislative mandated regional expertise among ATEC commissioners, no distinct regional advisory committee and a reliance on general stakeholder consultation processes that could give metropolitan institutions agenda-setting power.</para>
<para>Regional universities and regional development bodies were broadly supportive of managed growth and mission based compacts in principle. However, some issues were raised around ATEC's powers to suspend mission based compacts and ministerial influence. Regional stakeholders expressed a need for safeguards to avoid standard compacts embedding metropolitan priorities. Concerns were raised that managed growth and equity weighted funding could incentivise metropolitan universities to ramp up recruitment of regional and equity students, hollowing out the enrolment base and financial viability of regional tertiary education providers, and also hurting the workforces needed to sustain these regional communities. Submissions also stress that the bill underplays regional research and innovation, regional infrastructure and the realities of tertiary education delivery, which often happens across state jurisdictions.</para>
<para>There is also broad agreement that ATEC must play a stronger role in VET higher education alignment, with submissions warning that TAFEs risk being marginalised unless their role is explicitly embedded in ATEC's design and operations, including on credit transfer, curriculum alignment and workforce development.</para>
<para>In yet another injudicious use of Australians' taxpayer dollars, Labor has committed $54 million over 10 years to support ATEC's establishment and operations, and yet, when I applied to the Minister for Education to allocate just $100,000 towards the Taree Universities Campus to help them rebuild and refurbish their study hub after it was smashed and devastated by the May 2025 floods, I was told that the department did not have any funds and, therefore, could not and would not assist. The Taree Universities Campus is part of the Regional University Study Hubs initiative. It was established in 2020 as a community led initiative to help students across the Manning and Great Lakes areas undertake higher education without having to leave their communities. I want to take this moment to acknowledge the work of the former member for Lyne, the Hon. Dr David Gillespie, in leading this initiative.</para>
<para>In May 2025, the Taree Universities Campus was inundated with floodwaters, with the lower levels of the building submerged, causing extensive internal and external damage, including mud deposits, and rendering the campus's elevator inoperable. With a huge community effort, a temporary study space was opened on level 2 of the building, pending continuing efforts to refit and reinstate level 1. However, despite these attempts to overcome the flood's impact and get the campus back to normal operating conditions and capability, the number of students using the facility has fallen down from something like 400 per week to around 100 per week because of the impact on the facilities. Because of its location, TUC was not able to acquire insurance against floods. The resources and funds of MidCoast Council are near exhausted, and the community is dispirited and suffering from flood fatigue. TUC simply requires one-off, special funding of $100,000 to enable the refit and refurbishment to get it back on its feet and provide the wonderful services that it has done for several years now. This government cannot spare $100,000, a drop in the ocean in the scheme of Labor's spending, to help an invaluable community education facility rebuild following a catastrophic flood, but they can spend $54 million on another questionable layer of bureaucracy.</para>
<para>This bill also fails to address one of the sector's leading preoccupations, funding for Commonwealth supported places. The Taree Universities Campus was established in cohort 2 of the Regional University Study Hubs program. There have been five cohorts of study hubs announced under the program. Those in cohorts 1 and 2 receive CSPs as the funding stream. Later streams receive direct grant funding. TUC greatly values and supports the CSP model as a funding stream for two reasons. It provides a diversification of income streams and flexibility in how funds can be applied to locally designed programs that support current and future students. Unlike tied grant funding, CSP derived income is not restricted to specific deliverables, allowing TUC to respond directly to regional community and industry needs. CSPs also strengthen value proposition and deepen partnerships with universities.</para>
<para>In summary, CSPs are far more valuable than their direct monetary contributions alone. Specifically, CSPs are leveraged by TUC and its university partners, particularly when combined with student contributions. Funds returned to TUC are untied, enabling locally relevant programs and student support models. CSPs function as TUC's primary bargaining tool with universities and form the basis of partnerships. CSPs are the language of universities and having them allows TUC to engage as a credible partner. CSPs open doors to new partnerships, offering and delivering benefits well beyond the original allocation. CSPs underpin TUC's independence and long-term financial sustainability.</para>
<para>Importantly, under the current 2023-27 funding agreement, the department sets clear expectations that regional university study hubs will engage in widening participation activities and assist in addressing regional skills shortages. However, the agreement also specifies that departmental funding is limited to student support only and that these broader activities must be funded from other sources. CSPs are, in practice, the key funding mechanism that enables TUC to meet these expanded expectations. TUC currently receives 32 CSPs per annum, a modest allocation by any measure. These CSPs are distributed proportionally across the university partners that TUC has, based on student numbers, the majority whom are enrolled with Charles Sturt University.</para>
<para>I understand that the department is seeking to standardise the way it funds regional university study hubs with a view to remove CSPs from cohorts 1 and 2. Any move to remove CSPs from existing hubs appears to be driven by a desire for uniformity and administrative convenience, rather than by consideration of the educational, economic and community outcomes enabled by a more diverse funding model. If the government is set on addressing inequalities and achieving equitable access, participation and success in the higher education system, it should be examining Commonwealth supported places. The government should be ensuring that the CSP model as a funding stream for TUC is retained and that it is provided with an additional 10 CSPs to support growth in demand for its services and to build and expand its relation with at least another three university partners.</para>
<para>In conclusion, I'm a strong supporter of education because it is a slingshot to the future that individuals choose. University education plays a strong role in this. The Taree Universities Campus has been a game changer in my electorate, particularly for Manning and Great Lakes residents, providing opportunities for locals to pursue careers at home in their community. My electorate does not host a university and most of my electorate, 85 per cent in fact, have never had a university education.</para>
<para>So when a bill of this nature, with a $54 million vague mandate and a deliberate disregard for regional Australia, is put before us as the people's representatives—at a time when so many of my constituents are having to make tough decisions about how to manage their budgets, put food on their table and pay for essentials—I cannot possibly support this bill. Reform of the university sector is needed, but not in this way.</para>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>13:27</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms COMER</name>
    <name.id>316551</name.id>
    <electorate>Petrie</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>Accessible education is paramount to the Australian way of life. It provides opportunity and levels the playing field for those who are not born into privilege. As someone who has previously served on their university council, I've seen firsthand some of the challenges faced by this sector and, as such, I am proud to speak in favour of the Universities Accord (Australian Tertiary Education Commission) Bill 2025. It presents the next stage of tertiary education reform, building on the significant progress already made across the university sector.</para>
<para>The Australian Universities Accord has been an extraordinary piece of work and one of the most important reviews in higher education in our nation's history. It was tasked with a clear and ambitious mission: to take an honest look at Australia's higher education system and to develop a long-term plan for reform—not a short-term fix, not a piecemeal response, but a blueprint for the decades ahead.</para>
<para>The accord's message is simple, direct and impossible to ignore. If Australia is to prosper in the years ahead, participation, performance and investment in tertiary education must improve. Our future economic strength and national resilience all depend on it. The review makes clear that a strong tertiary education system is not a luxury. It is fundamental to generating the knowledge, skills and research our nation needs. It underpins productivity, drives innovation and ensures Australia can compete in an increasingly complex global economy.</para>
<para>The accord recognises that tertiary education is about more than universities alone. It is about people at every stage of life having access to learning opportunities that allow them to upskill, retrain and adapt to our economic changes. The accord confronts hard truths about the inequity in our system. It shows that talent is spread evenly across the country but opportunity is not. It challenges us to build a system that genuinely opens doors for students from low-socioeconomic backgrounds, First Nations students, people in regional and outer suburban communities, and those who have traditionally been left behind.</para>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">The DEPUTY SPEAKER</name>
    <name.id>248181</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>The debate is interrupted in accordance with standing order 43. The debate may be resumed at a later hour, and the member will be granted leave to continue speaking when the debate is resumed.</para>
</interjection>
</speech>
</subdebate.2></subdebate.1></debate>
    <debate><debateinfo>
        <title>STATEMENTS BY MEMBERS</title>
        <page.no>155</page.no>
        <type>STATEMENTS BY MEMBERS</type>
      </debateinfo><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Milano Cortina Olympic and Paralympic Winter Games</title>
          <page.no>155</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>13:29</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms SPENDER</name>
    <name.id>286042</name.id>
    <electorate>Wentworth</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>The 2026 Winter Olympics in Milano Cortina have well and truly kicked off, and I'm incredibly proud to see several athletes from Wentworth competing for Australia on the slopes and the ice. Even more exciting is that all of them are making their Olympic debut.</para>
<para>First, double congratulations to Jason Chan and Holly Harris, representing Australia in ice dance. Having come agonisingly close to selection for Beijing 2022, the perseverance and dedication they have shown since first competing together has been rewarded with their selection this time.</para>
<para>Emma Bosco will be representing Australia in two events at these games: moguls and dual moguls. After returning from a serious knee injury in 2020, Emma has consistently improved with each international outing, demonstrating remarkable resilience.</para>
<para>Phoebe Cridland becomes the first ever Winter Olympian from SCEGGS in Darlinghurst. This is a huge achievement, and I know the entire SCEGGS community will be backing her this time.</para>
<para>Finally, Ally Hickman, one of the youngest members of the Australian team at just 16, is competing in snowboard, slopestyle and big air. While Ally narrowly missed progressing to the final after heats this morning, I'm sure we'll be seeing much more of her.</para>
<para>Each of these athletes reflects the dedication, discipline and determination that leads to every Olympic moment. They carry not only the Australian colours but also the pride of their families, coaches, schools and communities. So congratulations to all the athletes from Wentworth and all the athletes competing for our country in these games.</para>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Holt Electorate: Australia Day</title>
          <page.no>156</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>13:31</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms FERNANDO</name>
    <name.id>299964</name.id>
    <electorate>Holt</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>Last month, Australians across the country came together to celebrate one of our great national days, Australia Day. In Holt, we celebrated this day at my annual Australia Day Community barbecue in Lynbrook. It was wonderful to see members of our community come together flying our national flag with pride, sharing stories and reflecting on the values that unite us as Australians. Those values of democracy, freedom, respect, fairness and equality of opportunity are central to who we are as a nation. Australia, for so many people, represents a land of opportunity and hope. It is a country built on a fair go where hard work is respected, diversity is embraced and people are given the chance to contribute and belong no matter where they come from. It is the spirit that defines Holt, and it is the spirit that continues to shape our nation. I am proud to say that spirit was on full display in Lynbrook on Australia Day.</para>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Roth, Mr Stanley Barry, AM</title>
          <page.no>156</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>13:32</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr LEESER</name>
    <name.id>109556</name.id>
    <electorate>Berowra</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I want to acknowledge the passing of a great Australian, Stanley Roth. Stanley was a husband, father, lawyer, businessman, philanthropist and tzadik—a righteous man. He was a patriotic Australian, a proud Jew and a committed Zionist. I'm proud to call Stanley a friend and mentor.</para>
<para>Stanley was a huge figure in the Australian Jewish community. His leadership of communal organisations was extraordinary, and to work with him was to get a masterclass in organisational leadership. A typical request from Stanley might start: 'I happily acknowledge this might not be the first fundraising request you've ever received from me. Please stay with me at least one more time, as this one is just as vital, if not even more so than the others.' When Stanley got involved in something, his passion turbocharged it, whether it was the United Israel Appeal, Moriah College, the Jewish Museum, AIJAC, St Vincent's Hospital, the Heart Foundation or Inala school in my electorate. He was generous and passionate because he looked at this country, which had been so good to his family, and he wanted to give back. In the last couple of years, he became very concerned about the direction of our country and the long-term survival of the Jewish community in Australia, and he wanted to do everything he could to address it. Stanley was direct, he was funny, he was passionate and he was proud. I miss his regular emails with his direct, plain-speaking advice, often on how I could do my job better.</para>
<para>To his family—to Charmaine, to Ilana, to Danielle and to Michael and to his brother, John, and his family—I say: may Stanley's memory be a blessing.</para>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>World Greek Language Day</title>
          <page.no>156</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>13:34</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr GEORGANAS</name>
    <name.id>DZY</name.id>
    <electorate>Adelaide</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>Today, 9 February, marks the recognition of World Greek Language Day by UNESCO. This recognition by UNESCO highlights the relationship between the Greek language and all other languages. Therefore, it is fitting for me to proceed in Greek for some of this speech, with a full translation for <inline font-style="italic">Hansard</inline> a bit later on. <inline font-style="italic">Mr Georganas</inline><inline font-style="italic"> then spoke in </inline><inline font-style="italic">Greek</inline><inline font-style="italic"> language—</inline></para>
<para>Σήμερα, ενώνονται οι κοινότητες σε όλο τον κόσμο για να γιορτάσουν τη 9η Φεβρουαρίου ως Παγκόσμια Ημέρα Ελληνικής Γλώσσας της UNESCO, έναν φόρο τιμής σε μία από τις αρχαιότερες και πιο επιδραστικές γλώσσες της ανθρωπότητας.</para>
<para>Τα Ελληνικά μιλούνται αδιάλειπτα εδώ και περίπου 4.000 χρόνια, με γραπτή παράδοση που εκτείνεται σχεδόν τρεις χιλιετίες, καθιστώντας την τη μεγαλύτερη συνεχώς ομιλούμενη και γραπτή γλώσσα στην Ευρώπη.</para>
<para>Από τα έργα του Ομήρου και τους φιλοσόφους της κλασικής αρχαιότητας, μέχρι τη Καινή Διαθήκη, μέχρι τους στίχους του Σολωμού και του Σεφέρη, τα Ελληνικά έχουν δώσει στον κόσμο μια γλώσσα για να θέτουμε δύσκολα ερωτήματα και να φανταζόμαστε ένα πιο δίκαιο μέλλον.</para>
<para>Σήμερα, ελληνικές λέξεις και έννοιες ζουν σχεδόν σε κάθε σύγχρονη γλώσσα.</para>
<para>What I said was, 'Let's celebrate the Greek language today not for its ancient history but for everything that it has contributed to our nation.'</para>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Warringah Electorate: Milano Cortina Olympic Winter Games</title>
          <page.no>157</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>13:35</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms STEGGALL</name>
    <name.id>175696</name.id>
    <electorate>Warringah</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>The Milano Cortina 2026 Olympic Winter Games are well underway, and it's an exciting moment for Australia. I want to wish the very best of luck to the whole Australian team and all the athletes competing on the world stage, especially those proudly representing Warringah. Australia has sent some 53 athletes to these games, the second-largest Winter Olympics team in our history, with women making up 62 per cent of the team and many being first-timers. That is a remarkable achievement for a warm-climate country and a reminder of what is possible when we invest in our athletes and in opportunity.</para>
<para>Even more proudly, six of those athletes will come from the Warringah community: from Manly, alpine skier Madison Hoffman brings skills, focus and determination to the slopes; Lara Hamilton has taken an extraordinary journey from trail running to elite ski mountaineering, reflecting adaptability and courage; Ellen Sohol Lie is contributing to Australia's growing strength and depth in cross-country skiing; at just 18, halfpipe snowboarder Amelie Haskell shows what focus and dedication can achieve in a short space of time; from Manly, mogul skier George Murphy embodies the values of sport, commitment, resilience and belief; and, finally, 18-year-old Daisy Thomas, who, despite injury, is still hoping to compete in the freestyle big air, showing the perseverance that defines elite athletes.</para>
<para>I know what a privilege it is to represent Australia on the world stage, so I'm excited to watch their amazing performances. Good luck, Aussies!</para>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Appleby, Austin</title>
          <page.no>157</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>13:37</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms TRISH COOK</name>
    <name.id>312871</name.id>
    <electorate>Bullwinkel</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I rise today to pay tribute to a young man from my electorate of Bullwinkel who I describe as 'superhuman'. Recently, while on a holiday in our beautiful south-west, the Appleby family found themselves in a terrible oceanic nightmare. Pushed kilometres out to sea in a kayak and inflatable paddle board by fierce offshore winds, they drifted into the open ocean. As night approached, they were in a race against time, and it was in this moment of crisis that 13-year-old Austin Appleby showed his courage. At his own mother's request, a request she describes as the hardest decision of her life, Austin set out alone to save his family. He paddled and swam for four gruelling hours. When he finally hit the sand at Quindalup Beach, he didn't collapse; he ran. He ran two kilometres to find a phone, and, with maturity far beyond his years, he directed emergency services to his mother; his brother, Beau; and his sister, Grace. Because of Austin's grit and his refusal to give up, four lives were saved that night.</para>
<para>We often talk about the resilience of the next generation. Well, here we have it. Austin Appleby is the living embodiment of resilience. He is a hero in every sense of the word, and I know that the whole House joins me in commending him for his bravery and wishing the Appleby family a peaceful recovery.</para>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Australian Motorcycle Grand Prix</title>
          <page.no>157</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>13:38</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms ALDRED</name>
    <name.id>11788</name.id>
    <electorate>Monash</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I rise to speak about the deep and growing concern across Phillip Island about the Australian Motorcycle Grand Prix beyond 2026. MotoGP is the economic heartbeat of Phillip Island. Local accommodation providers, cafes, restaurants and retailers are crystal clear: MotoGP week underpins their entire year. Forward bookings, staffing decisions and investment plans are already being made based on the assumption that this event continues, and the uncertainty alone is already causing damage.</para>
<para>This is more than just dollars and cents though. MotoGP has shaped Phillip Island's identity for decades. It has put the island on the world stage, driven regional tourism and supported stable, local jobs in a community that absolutely loves the GP, even if the Victorian Labor government's enthusiasm is running on empty. If MotoGP were to leave, it would leave a hole in regional businesses that we simply cannot replace. There's no substitute event waiting in the wings that delivers the same scale, certainty or international profile. And yet this is Jacinta Allan's Victoria, where major events and reinvestment are continually put at risk. That's why I've written to the trade minister asking for support and certainty. Jess Wilson said she's absolutely revved up, and rightly so. We need the Phillip Island GP to stay local.</para>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Melbourne Electorate: The Social Studio</title>
          <page.no>157</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>13:40</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms WITTY</name>
    <name.id>316660</name.id>
    <electorate>Melbourne</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I recently had the opportunity to meet the team at the Social Studio, an organisation that has been quietly transforming lives in Melbourne for 17 years. The Social Studio delivers award-winning training and creative projects across fashion, textiles and the arts. But, at its core, it is first and foremost an education provider. It creates a safe space of belonging for newly arrived migrants and refugees while offering paid work experience that is connected to real skills and real outcomes. Their flagstaff two-year Certificate III program, supported through partnerships with RMIT and beyond, is built around small class sizes, wraparound pathway support, skills-extension workshops and paid training opportunities for both students and alumni.</para>
<para>The results are powerful. The Social Studio has an 80 per cent completion rate, significantly higher than the national average for Certificate III qualifications. Under the Albanese Labor government, we are committed to strengthening skills, education and pathways to secure work, particularly for communities who have been too often locked out of the opportunity. The team behind the Social Studio are not just teaching technical skills; they are building confidence, dignity and futures and, in doing so, strengthening our entire community. I thank the team at the Social Studio for their leadership and the vital work they continue to do across Melbourne.</para>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Riverina Electorate: Acknowledgements</title>
          <page.no>158</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>13:41</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr McCORMACK</name>
    <name.id>219646</name.id>
    <electorate>Riverina</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>It's never too soon to fall in love—or back in love, as the case might be. And, with apologies to John Paul Young:</para>
<quote><para class="block">Love is in the air everywhere I look around,</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">Love is in the air in every sight and every sound.</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">And I don't know if I'm being foolish, don't know if I'm being wise,</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">But it's something that I must believe in</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">And it's there when I look in your eyes.</para></quote>
<para>There have been some wonderful wedding anniversaries in the Riverina lately, and I mention Faye and Barry Irvine, who have had 60 years together—a diamond wedding anniversary; Margaret and Robert Hamilton, who have 65 years of commitment; Barbara and David Carter, with 60 years as well; Beth and Bruce Irvine, with 60 years of marriage—and Bruce and Barry Irvine are cousins; and Erica and Michael Coghlan, who celebrated a golden 50th wedding anniversary. Isn't that just beautiful? And we should congratulate them for staying together for that long of a period. We should admire them. We should follow their example indeed.</para>
<para>As you would know, Valentine's Day is this Saturday, 14 February—that day of universal love. For some it's come early. For some it's in the air. Love is in the air. May it abound in this place, the House of Representatives, in the Senate and elsewhere. Love is truly in the air.</para>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>International Women's Day</title>
          <page.no>158</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>13:43</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms BELYEA</name>
    <name.id>309484</name.id>
    <electorate>Dunkley</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>Last week I joined young women and extraordinary organisations at the UN Women International Women's Day Parliamentary Breakfast. This year's theme, 'Balance the Scales', is very apt. Two things are clear. Firstly, there is a coordinated global effort to undermine gender equality. Secondly, Australia is not immune. Progress is never guaranteed; we must defend it. And that responsibility starts with us as representatives in this House. We set the tone for the nation. When we choose respect, we reinforce balance. When we allow disrespect, when we look away, we risk tipping the scales backwards.</para>
<para>Last week the Prime Minister modelled that leadership when he called out behaviour directed at the opposition leader—behaviour fuelled by commentary that would never be levelled at a man. Headlines like that normalise aggression and disrespect at a time when domestic and family violence demands we do better. If we allow contempt or casual disrespect to seep into public life through our words and actions, we open the door for the same forces disrupting gender equity overseas to take hold here. This government has worked to balance the scales through legislation, fairer pay and expanded health services—and there is more to do.</para>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Housing</title>
          <page.no>158</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>13:45</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr BUCHHOLZ</name>
    <name.id>230531</name.id>
    <electorate>Wright</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>When we left office there were over 415,000 apprentices and trainees in the system. Today, sadly, there are 100,000-plus fewer. Shame! This is in a time when housing affordability is killing us. When we were in office, we built on average 200,000 homes a year. We did that year in, year out. Today, under Labor, we are averaging around 170,000. Labor have ambitious housing targets. The Housing Industry Association suggests that, in order for Labor to hit their targets, they've got to average around 255,000 homes, year in, year out. We just do not have the skills to meet those targets, and we are not training workers to have them. This government is turning its back on the skilled workforce that we need for the future.</para>
<para>Immigration numbers are through the roof. People are coming to the country, but we're not converting them to the skills that we need to meet the pipeline of infrastructure into the future. We've got nowhere for them to live. Housing rates mean our kids are going without. Housing affordability is becoming more and more of a challenge. The only way we're going to turn this around is to work with small business, and it's our coalition that is the friend of small business.</para>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Lunar New Year</title>
          <page.no>159</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>13:46</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr GOSLING</name>
    <name.id>245392</name.id>
    <electorate>Solomon</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>It's the Year of the Fire Horse, so Happy Lunar New Year to everyone. Across the Northern Territory, community organisations are bringing people together to celebrate. I thank Mr Thien Le and the Australia Vietnamese Community NT Chapter committee for welcoming me to their celebration and for their continued contribution to the multicultural life of Darwin and the Northern Territory. I also acknowledge Anna Dam and the Australian Vietnamese Family Association for hosting a special performance by Hue Royal Court Music, which is recognised as a UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity, with artists who travelled all the way from Vietnam.</para>
<para>The NT Timor Chinese Association also held their celebration, where I spoke about my recent visit to Timor-Leste with the Prime Minister. Australia and Timor-Leste are continuing to build a stronger partnership through parceria foun ba era foun, which means a new partnership for a new era. Yesterday, the Lankan Dance Academy held their Kandyan dancing graduation, a ceremony reflecting years of training, cultural rituals and traditional performance. Congratulations to dance master Sadeepa Sandurawan for continuing this tradition in Darwin. And I look forward to next Saturday when the Chung Wah Society's award-winning lion dance troupe will perform in multicultural Darwin.</para>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Frey, Mr Robert Douglas (Rob), AFSM</title>
          <page.no>159</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>13:48</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr LLEW O'BRIEN</name>
    <name.id>265991</name.id>
    <electorate>Wide Bay</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I congratulate my friend, Noosa Fire Station Officer in Charge, Rob Frey, who was awarded with an Australian Fire Service Medal on Australia Day for his decades of service protecting the community. Rob has also served for 22 years as a lead instructor at the Queensland Fire and Rescue tactical training unit. Having experienced Rob's training there, I know the skills he brings to saving lives and property. Rob's expertise has been called upon during disasters including the Victorian Black Saturday bushfires; the Narrabri, Hazelwood mine, the Tamworth and Cradle Mountain fires; and the tragic Childers backpacker hostel fire. Rob also served as divisional commander for the 2019-2020 Peregian Beach and Cooroibah wildfires, and the Fraser Island 2021 wildfires.</para>
<para>Rob has volunteered at the Noosa, Sunshine Beach and Maroochydore surf lifesaving clubs. And I've had the absolute pleasure of working with him and his wife, Donna, on plans to upgrade the Noosa Rugby Union Club. Rob's lifelong commitment to his community and our nation extends well beyond his vocation. His recognition through this award is a fitting tribute to the contributions he has made to strengthening and keeping safe the Noosa community.</para>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Lucinda's Unisex Salon</title>
          <page.no>159</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>13:49</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr REPACHOLI</name>
    <name.id>298840</name.id>
    <electorate>Hunter</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I want to recognise a small business that represents the very best of community spirit in my electorate of Hunter. For the last 40 years, Lucinda's Unisex Salon has been a constant presence in the Morisset town centre. For many locals, particularly older residents, it has been far more than just a place to go and get a haircut. It has been a place of connection, trust and genuine care. I've repeatedly heard about the compassion shown by Janet and her team. This is a salon where people are known by name, where stories are shared, where no-one is rushed out the door. Over the years, the staff at Lucinda's have gone well and truly above and beyond what anyone could reasonably expect. They've arranged a salon so clients could lie down when they felt unwell. They've walked older customers to the safety of their cars. They've called on family members when someone's needed medical assistance. These aren't services you find on a price list, but they matter deeply to the community of the Hunter.</para>
<para>At the end of February, Janet will retire after four decades of service. Places like Lucinda's Unisex Salon remind us that strong communities are built on small places and by people who care. Janet and her staff deserve our thanks, our respect and our recognition for the dignity and kindness that they've shown, especially to older Australians, over the last 40 years. Thank you so much for your service that you've done to Morisset area and to the broader Hunter. Keep up the great work.</para>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Housing</title>
          <page.no>159</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>13:51</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr CALDWELL</name>
    <name.id>306489</name.id>
    <electorate>Fadden</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>Sadly, the great Australian dream has become a nightmare under this Labor government. At barbecues across Australia over summer, people were simply asking, 'How are our kids going to get into a home?' Well, here are just a few points as to where this Labor government is failing on housing.</para>
<para>Firstly, they had what they called an ambitious target of 1.2 million homes over five years. That's 60,000 homes per quarter every quarter. Of course, in year 1 they fell 65,000 homes short. The ABS data last week confirmed that they are now a further 15,000 homes behind. They are just not going to hit their moving target. Secondly, there was the chaos and dysfunction at Housing Australia, where they've lost their chair and there was a secret report that they won't reveal. Thirdly, the government expanded their five per cent deposit scheme but knew that there weren't enough houses in the system to meet the demand, driving prices through the roof. And, of course, the Treasurer has played his part as well because interest rates are up.</para>
<para>For all of these people in the gallery today: if you're a mortgage holder, it's about $1,800 more per month. We've lost 100,000 tradies and apprentices out of the system. And, if you don't have those trades, you can't build the houses. This minister was hopeless in Home Affairs. She's hopeless with homes.</para>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Women's Health</title>
          <page.no>160</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>13:52</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms CLUTTERHAM</name>
    <name.id>316101</name.id>
    <electorate>Sturt</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>Twelve months ago today, the Albanese Labor government announced a record $800 million investment into a women's health package designed to provide more choice, lower costs and better care for Australian women and girls. One year on, the data is in: more than 660,000 women have accessed more than two million cheaper scripts for new contraceptives, menopausal hormone therapies and endometriosis treatment that were listed on the PBS. It is not one-size-fits-all when it comes to contraception, and more than 303,000 women have saved over $23 million in the past 12 months on scripts for a wide range of options. This level of choice is so important because every woman's health needs are different and unique to her.</para>
<para>Considered and deliberate changes to make Medicare work better for women mean that over 71,000 women have undergone a menopause health assessment since 1 July 2025. Australian women are also benefiting from new Medicare items for longer consultation times and higher rebates for specialised gynaecological care. An additional 11 endometriosis and pelvic pain clinics have opened, with these new clinics providing perimenopause and menopause care. Dedicated investment in women's health happens when women have a seat at the table and can speak up for the needs of other women. With 57 per cent women in the Labor caucus, women have a seat at this table, which means they know their healthcare needs will be spoken for.</para>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Middle East</title>
          <page.no>160</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>13:54</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Dr SCAMPS</name>
    <name.id>299623</name.id>
    <electorate>Mackellar</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>The world has looked on in horror at the situation in Iran over recent months. Once again, the people of Iran have risen up to protest the brutal oppression and corruption of Iran's leader, the Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, only to be massacred in the streets by their own army. Tens of thousands of Iranian citizens have been murdered. Today I want to highlight the specific targeting and oppression of Baha'is in Iran. Mackellar has a vibrant Baha'i community, and we are proud to be home to a magnificent Baha'i temple—one of only eight in the world. However, in Iran, there has been relentless state sponsored persecution of Baha'is since the 1979 Islamic Revolution. Baha'is have been denied recognition under the Iranian constitution and stripped of fundamental rights. Tragically, right now, Iranian authorities have once again undertaken a deliberate strategy of persecution against their Baha'i community, in order to divert attention from internal issues and to justify further coercive measures against the community. Accusations that Baha'is have orchestrated or participated in violence are not only false but fundamentally incompatible with Baha'i teachings. I stand with Australia's Baha'i community to demand that this cease and that the escalation of persecution of Baha'is stops immediately.</para>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Women's Health</title>
          <page.no>160</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>13:55</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms KARA COOK</name>
    <name.id>316537</name.id>
    <electorate>Bonner</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>Today, Labor women stood side by side to celebrate the anniversary of this Albanese Labor government's landmark almost $800 million women's health package, and the results are clear. Women in my community of Bonner and certainly right across the country are paying less, accessing more and receiving better care. More than 660,000 women have accessed over two million cheaper PBS scripts for contraception, menopausal hormone therapies and endometriosis treatment. For the first time in decades, new contraceptives and menopause therapies have been listed on the PBS, saving women over $73 million in just one year. Women with endometriosis are now accessing treatment at PBS prices—just $25 a script—and women undergoing IVF are receiving earlier and more affordable fertility care. We've invested $49 million in additional gynaecological services, expanded specialist care, increased rebates and opened 11 new endometriosis and pelvic pain clinics, taking the national network to 33. With record numbers of women on this side of the chamber, certainly, and elected to this parliament, women's health is no longer an afterthought; it is a priority. And this Albanese Labor government is delivering.</para>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Baxter, Reverend Colin, OAM</title>
          <page.no>160</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>13:57</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr YOUNG</name>
    <name.id>201906</name.id>
    <electorate>Longman</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>Last Friday, after returning from parliament, it was my honour to attend the funeral service of the Reverend Colin Baxter OAM, who passed away on 23 January 2026, after a couple of falls last year. Colin had reached the ripe old age of 96 and was a stalwart of the Bribie Island community, particularly the Defence community. Colin served in the Royal Australian Navy following the end of World War II. Colin's other achievements include serving in the Harrisville community during the 1951 drought with the awful task of burying dead cattle. In 2021, Colin received his OAM for service to the Uniting Church and the community, particularly for his work as a naval chaplain for returned veterans both for Queensland and the local Bribie Island community. Colin was also one of the founders of the Christian Television Association. Colin's commitment to his faith was obvious, serving 47-years as a Methodist and Uniting Church minister across New South Wales, Queensland and the ACT. I spoke to numerous people at the service about how I get so frustrated that, when I attend the funerals of prominent members of the Longman community, sadly, this is when I learn the most about them and what they have accomplished. There's so much I would love to have chatted to Colin about in regard to his wonderful life, but now it's too late. Perhaps we could all learn a lesson from this and put aside the politics for a while and just have a yarn with these giants in our communities before it's too late. Vale Reverend Colin Baxter OAM.</para>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Labor Government</title>
          <page.no>161</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>13:58</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr BURNELL</name>
    <name.id>300129</name.id>
    <electorate>Spence</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>After the greatest public display of chucking the toys out of the cot, the Nats are back with the Libs. The coalition, the 'on-alition', the 'off-alition', the 'I-don't-know-what-alition'—same chaos, new week. One minute, they're breaking up; the next, they're back together, proving, once again, the only thing holding the coalition together is the fear of being alone. While they squabble over titles and egos, Australians are left wondering who's leading who over there. While they remain divided and divisive, the Albanese Labor government remains focused on delivering for everyday Aussies, not serving egos. We're investing $25 billion to support workers across 750 hospitals, backing nurses, doctors and frontline staff. We're putting a billion dollars into training doctors in more communities, strengthening the pipeline and delivering fairer outcomes to communities like mine. We've signed a historic security treaty with Indonesia, strengthening regional stability and Australia's place in our neighbourhood. Those are just our announcements since parliament last sat four days ago.</para>
<para>We've been delivering for Australians since we came into government in 2022. We've delivered cheaper scripts, listing new contraceptives, menopausal hormone therapies and endometriosis treatments on the PBS; celebrated three years of free TAFE, opening doors to future workforces; cut HECS debts by 20 per cent; legislated five per cent house deposits, building 100,000 new homes; and delivered record Medicare urgent care clinics and a three-day childcare guarantee. All of that is because we're focused on delivering for Australians every day we're in government. <inline font-style="italic">(Time expired)</inline></para>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">The SPEAKER</name>
    <name.id>53517</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>In accordance with standing order 43, the time for members' statements has concluded.</para>
</interjection>
</speech>
</subdebate.1></debate>
    <debate><debateinfo>
        <title>STATEMENTS ON INDULGENCE</title>
        <page.no>161</page.no>
        <type>STATEMENTS ON INDULGENCE</type>
      </debateinfo><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Milano Cortina Olympic and Paralympic Winter Games</title>
          <page.no>161</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>14:00</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr ALBANESE</name>
    <name.id>R36</name.id>
    <electorate>Grayndler</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>Early Saturday morning our time, the Australian team marched proudly in the opening ceremony of the Milano Cortina Winter Olympics. Flagbearers Matt Graham and Jakara Anthony led a team of 53 athletes. There is a special sporting magic to the Olympics, and, of course, we all look forward to Australia hosting the Summer Olympics in 2032 in Brisbane and the drama and excitement of people competing on the biggest global stage.</para>
<para>Even if you are, like me, very much entry level in your knowledge of these winter sports, you can instantly recognise the skill and, indeed, the bravery of people going downhill on a bit of metal at over 100 kays an hour. It's pretty extraordinary. They're representing us when they do it. They show skill, passion and, of course, national pride. Every Olympics produces remarkable stories. Already, there's 20-year-old Valentino Guseli from the New South Wales South Coast. He was not even supposed to be competing in the men's big air; his main event is the snowboard half-pipe. Owing to the last-minute withdrawal of Canadian Mark McMorris, he not only stepped up and competed but he made the final and finished 10th. His enormously proud extended family were watching it from a ski shop in Cooma, in the electorate of Eden-Monaro.</para>
<para>I'm proud to say that Rosie Fordham from Grayndler was one of the Aussies to take part in the cross-country. Earlier today, Tess Coady, who won a bronze in Beijing, and Mela Stalker both qualified for the women's big air final, and we'll be cheering them on tomorrow. Our Olympians inspire us and unite us, and I hope they know that the whole nation is behind them, not least of whom, of course, is the member for Warringah, who had the honour of representing Australia. We'll be barracking for the Winter Paralympians in March, and we're barracking for our Olympians over the next couple of weeks.</para>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>14:02</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms LEY</name>
    <name.id>00AMN</name.id>
    <electorate>Farrer</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I rise to associate the opposition with the Prime Minister's remarks on the Winter Olympics. Team Australia is turning up with skill and grit. We have 53 athletes across 10 sports—33 women and 20 men—30 of whom are making their debut. We are proud of our flagbearers, Jakara Anthony and Matt Graham, and we are cheering on Scotty James in the half-pipe and Tess Coady and Mela Stalker in the women's big air final, with our youngest Olympian, 16-year-old Indra Brown, representing the next generation. Like Australians everywhere, we saw both the courage and the danger of this sport when Lindsey Vonn returned at 41, carrying injury into a comeback, before a heartbreaking fall early in the downhill. We wish her a full recovery. To every Australian athlete and coach and all the support staff, the nation is with you. Go well.</para>
</speech>
</subdebate.1></debate>
    <debate><debateinfo>
        <title>QUESTIONS WITHOUT NOTICE</title>
        <page.no>162</page.no>
        <type>QUESTIONS WITHOUT NOTICE</type>
      </debateinfo><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Economy</title>
          <page.no>162</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>14:04</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms LEY</name>
    <name.id>00AMN</name.id>
    <electorate>Farrer</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>My question is to the Prime Minister. Last week, the Treasurer said that government spending was 'not a factor' in last week's interest rate rise. However, on Friday, when asked, the Reserve Bank governor said:</para>
<quote><para class="block">It's factual, it is not an opinion, it's not a judgement, it is a fact. That's all it is.</para></quote>
<para>Can the Prime Minister confirm that the RBA governor is right and the Treasurer is wrong?</para>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>14:04</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr ALBANESE</name>
    <name.id>R36</name.id>
    <electorate>Grayndler</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>Let's be very clear about what the RBA governor has said. Last Tuesday she was asked directly about government spending, and she said: 'What's happened in the last six months or so—private demand has turned out to be much stronger than we had been forecasting.' Then, on Friday, the RBA governor was asked about it again, and she said: 'Public demand's contribution has declined, and we were surprised, in the first half of 2025, that it declined as much as it did. And we were surprised'—</para>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">The SPEAKER</name>
    <name.id>53517</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>Order! The Prime Minister will pause. Because the member for Cook is yelling so much, I can't hear the direct quote that the Prime Minister was talking about and that he was asked about. Could everyone just cease their interjections. When you ask a question—the leader is entitled to her question. I think everyone needs to show a little more respect, including the member for Cook.</para>
</interjection>
<continue>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">Mr ALBANESE</name>
    <name.id>R36</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>'And we were surprised, in the latter half of 2025, that private demand is on the upside.' Then there are the killer three words: 'They are facts.' And indeed they are facts from the RBA governor. They are facts.</para>
<para>We will keep focused on easing cost-of-living pressures with the measures that we have put in place: making medicines cheaper, investing in more bulk-billing, investing in urgent care clinics, cutting student debt, paid prac, $10,000 cash incentives for construction workers, income tax cuts—that always gets them upset. They opposed and were going to roll back our income tax cuts. When the income tax cut comes in, on 1 July, they'll be very depressed about that. And then, when it happens next year, they'll be even more depressed about that.</para>
<para>What drives us each and every day is making a positive difference to people's lives. We'll continue to do it, and no amount of verballing of the RBA governor will change that.</para>
</continue>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>International Relations: Indonesia</title>
          <page.no>162</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>14:07</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms BYRNES</name>
    <name.id>299145</name.id>
    <electorate>Cunningham</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>My question is to the Prime Minister. What were the outcomes from the Prime Minister's recent visit to Indonesia, and why are our relationships in the region and the world so important for Australians at home? How has the Albanese Labor government improved our relationships since coming to government?</para>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>14:07</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr ALBANESE</name>
    <name.id>R36</name.id>
    <electorate>Grayndler</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I thank the member for Cunningham for her question. Indeed, no country is more important to Australia or to the prosperity, security and stability of our region and the Indo-Pacific than Indonesia. Our bond of trust runs deep. We're neighbours, but we're also trusted partners and friends. We share a commitment to sovereignty, security and the pursuit of prosperity, and last Friday, along with President Prabowo, we took yet another step in furthering those goals, signing the treaty of Jakarta 2026. It is a historic moment. The treaty looks to our shared future, but it's been shaped by three decades of shared history in defence cooperation, dating back to the Keating and Suharto governments.</para>
<para>Australia and Indonesia know that, in 2026, just like in 1995, the way that we secure peace and stability in our region is by acting together. That's why on Friday, further to signing the treaty, I announced a range of new defence cooperation measures between Australia and Indonesia, offering to establish a new position to embed a senior Indonesian defence officer in the Australian Defence Force; supporting the development of joint defence training facilities to increase Indonesia's ability to conduct joint exercises, including with Australia; and expanding military education exchanges to build relationships and increase understanding between our next generation of military leaders.</para>
<para>There's no doubt that President Prabowo's affection for Australia is in part due to the time he spent not far from here, in Duntroon. That's why these person-to-person relations really matter and really count. All of these measures strengthen our partnership based on trust, mutual respect and a commitment to sovereignty, but they also build on our broader engagement with our partners in the region. We've struck agreements with PNG—and I spoke with Prime Minister Marape just last night, who very much welcomed the agreement between Australia and Indonesia—but also with Timor-Leste, Nauru and Tuvalu and with ASEAN. Those relationships are so important for Australia because the more that we work together and the more we fulfil our role as a middle power to drive consensus and respect for sovereignty, the more peaceful, secure and prosperous our nation and indeed our region will be.</para>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Housing</title>
          <page.no>163</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>14:10</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms LE</name>
    <name.id>295676</name.id>
    <electorate>Fowler</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>My question is to the Prime Minister. Prime Minister, UNSW research shows that Fowler has the highest level of rental stress in the country, with almost half of the renters in housing stress. Working renters in my community are being smashed by high rents and soaring bills, yet most are not eligible for rent assistance or other concessions, even though they do the right thing and pay their taxes. What specific new relief will your government deliver this year for the renters in south-west Sydney who are above concession thresholds but are still falling further behind?</para>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>14:10</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr ALBANESE</name>
    <name.id>R36</name.id>
    <electorate>Grayndler</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I thank the member for Fowler for her question. The first thing we will do, of course—that the member for Fowler, I'm sure, is quite conscious of because I think she voted for the tax cuts and welcomed them—is tax cuts for every taxpayer, including every single taxpayer in the electorate of Fowler. Fowler has 65,000 taxpayers, and I can inform the member that the average tax cut will be $2,160 a year or $42 every single week. That'll be followed up next year by the same—another tax cut—again reducing that first marginal tax rate so that every taxpayer benefits, not just some. It's a big difference between our approach on this side and the approach that was taken by the former government.</para>
<para>In addition to that, I can inform the member that 23,000 people in her electorate have got student debt relief, which is making an enormous difference. In terms of the PBS co-payment reduction, over $5½ million will be saved across 400,000 scripts in her electorate, making an enormous difference as well. In addition to that—something that was opposed by those opposite in various spots over there—was the 60-day scripts policy. Over $2½ million in savings has been made across 380,000 scripts of that. The Liverpool Medicare Urgent Care Clinic that's opened means that all that people who front up need is their Medicare card, not their credit card. And I can inform the member that, as of 2 February, 14,900 of her constituents have been to that urgent care clinic and got the care that they needed, when they needed it, efficiently taking pressure off the emergency departments of hospitals.</para>
<para>In addition to that, we have funded an upgrade at Fairfield Hospital. Even though it's not our responsibility—it's the New South Wales government's responsibility—we are rebuilding that hospital, making it better than ever and making an enormous difference. As for the changes that we made on 1 November, to have the tripling of the bulk-billing incentive, nine additional practices in that electorate have converted to be fully bulk-billing, meaning a total of 83 practices have signed up to be Medicare bulk-billing practices, making an enormous difference to cost of living in the member's electorate.</para>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>International Relations: Australia and Indonesia</title>
          <page.no>163</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>14:13</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr LIM</name>
    <name.id>300130</name.id>
    <electorate>Tangney</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>My question is to the Deputy Prime Minister. What is the importance of the historic treaty between Australia and Indonesia signed last week? How will this strengthen Australia's relationship with our closest neighbours?</para>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>14:14</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr MARLES</name>
    <name.id>HWQ</name.id>
    <electorate>Corio</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I thank the member for his question. On Friday, the Prime Minister and President Prabowo Subianto signed the Jakarta treaty. The Jakarta treaty obliges our two countries to consult with each other when faced with adverse challenges to our common security. This is the first time we are making this commitment to each other as two nations since the security treaty of 1995, which was signed by President Suharto and Prime Minister Keating.</para>
<para>Additionally, the treaty signed on Friday commits our countries to leader level consultations. That, in combination with the defence cooperation agreement which I signed with my then counterpart, Minister Prabowo, in 2024—an agreement which makes it much easier for our respective defence forces to operate from each other's territory and bases—means the architecture between our two nations today is at a high watermark.</para>
<para>These statements of principle and this architecture are being backed up with action. We are supporting training facilities in Indonesia, including at Morotai Island, and we're encouraging the Indonesian military to do more training in Australia. We're providing opportunities for senior military leaders in Indonesia to be embedded in the Australian Defence Force at a much more senior level. This evening I will be speaking with my counterpart, Minister of Defense Sjafrie Sjamsoeddin, to explore ways in which we can further these initiatives and look at other means by which we can deepen the bonds between our two defence forces.</para>
<para>When you take a step back and just look at the map, what is completely clear is that Indonesia and Australia should be the very best of friends—and now we absolutely are. Given the challenges we face today, Indonesia is located in the most strategic area of interest for Australia, and we provide Indonesia with strategic depth. This fundamental, mutually beneficial exchange is better understood between our two countries today than it has ever been, and it is underpinned by a level of trust which is as good today as it has ever been. Under the leadership of the Prime Minister, very much supported by the Foreign minister and the leadership of President Prabowo, Australia and Indonesia are now moving forward together in the world as the very closest of neighbours, as the very dearest of friends and with a shared commitment of purpose and destiny.</para>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Economy</title>
          <page.no>164</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>14:17</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr TED O'BRIEN</name>
    <name.id>138932</name.id>
    <electorate>Fairfax</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>My question is to the Treasurer. Following last week's interest rate rise, respected TV—</para>
<para>Honourable members interjecting—</para>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">The SPEAKER</name>
    <name.id>53517</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>Order! Member for Wannon, I can't hear the question. If both sides of the chamber can cease interjecting, we'll reset and the deputy leader will start his question again, out of respect for him.</para>
</interjection>
<continue>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">Mr TED O'BRIEN</name>
    <name.id>138932</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>My question is to the Treasurer. Following last week's interest rate rise, respected TV finance guru Kochie sent a direct message to the Treasurer, saying: 'Mate, you've got to tighten your belt. You've told all of us to tighten our belts to fight inflation. You didn't, and so you are responsible for this interest rate rise.' The Treasurer has dismissed the views of scores of economists, and now even the Reserve Bank governor. Will he at least concede Kochie has a point?</para>
</continue>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">The SPEAKER</name>
    <name.id>53517</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>The member for Chifley will cease interjecting, or he'll be warned.</para>
</interjection>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>14:18</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Dr CHALMERS</name>
    <name.id>37998</name.id>
    <electorate>Rankin</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>Once again, the shadow Treasurer is being deliberately dishonest. The only people in this parliament verballing the Governor of the Reserve Bank sit over there.</para>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">The SPEAKER</name>
    <name.id>53517</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>I'll just get the Treasurer to pause. The manager will state his point of order.</para>
</interjection>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">Mr Hawke</name>
    <name.id>HWO</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>The Treasurer knows he's not allowed to make that inference in the House.</para>
</interjection>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">The SPEAKER</name>
    <name.id>53517</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>I'll get the Treasurer to withdraw. He can make other claims, but he can't use the word 'deliberate'.</para>
</interjection>
<continue>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">Dr CHALMERS</name>
    <name.id>37998</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>I withdraw. Once again, the shadow Treasurer is being dishonest—</para>
</continue>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">Mr Ted O'Brien</name>
    <name.id>138932</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>You should apologise to the governor too!</para>
</interjection>
<continue>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">Dr CHALMERS</name>
    <name.id>37998</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>and he interjects that I should apologise to the governor. The only people in here verballing the governor sit over there.</para>
<para>I say this about the view that the shadow Treasurer has quoted from David Koch. If the budget position is the sole determinant of inflation and interest rates, then I assume the shadow Treasurer and the person he quoted held the same view when inflation was coming down last year and interest rates were cut three times. But no, they didn't. That, I think, exposes the hypocrisy of those opposite who pretend that when inflation's coming down and interest rates are being cut, it has nothing to do with the government, but when inflation ticks up in the second half of the year and interest rates go up, all of a sudden it's 100 per cent driven by the government's budget position.</para>
<para>Now, if we pick up and run with the shadow Treasurer's own logic, then the fact that they just took to the election a policy for bigger deficits and more debt means they are conceding that if they had won the election, inflation would be higher and interest rates would be higher as well. They can't have it both ways in either respect. They can't say one thing about last year and another thing about this year. They can't say budgets are the primary determinant of prices in the economy only when inflation ticked up towards the end of last year.</para>
<para>I was also asked about—</para>
</continue>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">The SPEAKER</name>
    <name.id>53517</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>Order! The Treasurer will pause. He was about to say what he was asked about, but I'll hear from the deputy leader.</para>
</interjection>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">Mr Ted O'Brien</name>
    <name.id>138932</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>It was on relevance. We've only got less than a minute to go. I'm flattered the Treasurer wants to keep talking about me, but he's not addressing—</para>
</interjection>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">The SPEAKER</name>
    <name.id>53517</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>No, resume your seat. Don't abuse the standing orders by adding that flourish to the response. The Treasurer was saying what he was asked about, and that's when you took the point of order, so it's pretty difficult. He's going to directly answer the question or be directly relevant; I'll make sure he is.</para>
</interjection>
<continue>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">Dr CHALMERS</name>
    <name.id>37998</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>Thank you, Mr Speaker. I was referring to the gentleman he quoted, and I was referring to the Reserve Bank governor, and that's why I was being relevant to his question. As the Prime Minister reminded the House a moment ago, this was the view of the Reserve Bank governor on Friday:</para>
<quote><para class="block">… public demand's contribution … has declined … And we were surprised in the first half of 2025 that it declined as much as it did. And we have been surprised in the latter part of 2025 by … private demand, on the upside. They are facts.</para></quote>
<para>That's what Governor Bullock actually said.</para>
<para>The more divided they get, the more dishonest and the more desperate they get over there. I saw Senator Hume say this morning that they had to reach for the rabbit, in her words. Well, there he is over there! That three-ring circus has already got a clown, and now it's got a bunny as well. They are the two reasons why nobody takes them seriously on the economy anymore.</para>
</continue>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Critical and Strategic Minerals Industry</title>
          <page.no>165</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>14:22</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms MASCARENHAS</name>
    <name.id>298800</name.id>
    <electorate>Swan</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>My question is to the Minister for Resources. How is the Albanese Labor government working with our global trading partners, strengthening the global supply chain of critical minerals and creating secure jobs here in Australia? What is threatening Australia's critical minerals industry?</para>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>14:23</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms MADELEINE KING</name>
    <name.id>102376</name.id>
    <electorate>Brand</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I thank the member for Swan for her question, which goes to the heart of Australia's national interests. Last week I was in Washington, DC, where I represented Australia at the Critical Minerals Ministerial convened by the US Secretary of State Marco Rubio. Fifty-four nations attended the ministerial gathering, and the message was clear: the world needs more reliable, more transparent and more resilient critical minerals supply chains. No nation on Earth is better placed to supply those minerals than Australia.</para>
<para>The Albanese Labor government has stepped up to lead globally on critical minerals and rare earth supply chains. Since day one, this government has been focused on creating more well-paid, secure jobs for Australians. Since day one, this government has developed policies to ensure this nation makes the most of its natural resources advantages by developing a critical minerals industry. We have agreed a critical minerals and rare earths framework agreement with the US, the first country to do so. We have provided leadership by working with the US, the UK, Japan, Canada, Korea, the European Union and the g7+.</para>
<para>Over 3½ years, this united government has worked together to back that diplomacy with serious domestic policy. We have legislated production tax credits for processing critical minerals and rare earths. We have made a generational investment in geoscience. We have created the Critical Minerals Strategic Reserve. The result is that this government has made Australia an indispensable player in global discussions on critical minerals.</para>
<para>Australia's strategic reserve is world leading. Indeed, the US announced just last week its own critical minerals reserve in the $12 billion Project Vault. Our allies and partners around the world are following Australia's lead to develop secure supply chains in critical minerals. There is consensus everywhere except over there. The on again, off again, on again coalition oppose the strategic reserve which the US is now implementing. They voted against production tax credits, and, with absolutely no consultation, the member for Hume dismissed production tax credits for the resources industry less than an hour after it was announced by the Treasurer. That's some leadership style, and I'm sure it bodes well for future discussions with her colleagues.</para>
<para>They are at odds with each other, and they are at odds with the rest of the world. We should remember that, when last in government, the coalition had two resources ministers, and now they are doing it again. We have an acting shadow resources minister over here, and we have a second resources shadow in the sin bin.</para>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">Mr Tehan</name>
    <name.id>210911</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>Madeleine, here!</para>
</interjection>
<continue>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">Ms MADELEINE KING</name>
    <name.id>102376</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>Hi, member for Wannon. It's good to see you back there again. It's amazing. They don't take themselves seriously. They don't take the resources sector seriously. All they do is take the resources sector for granted.</para>
</continue>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Energy</title>
          <page.no>165</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>14:26</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr CHAFFEY</name>
    <name.id>316312</name.id>
    <electorate>Parkes</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>My question is for the Minister for Climate Change and Energy. Was the minister telling the truth when he promised Australians a $275 reduction in their power bills by 2025?</para>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>14:26</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr BOWEN</name>
    <name.id>DZS</name.id>
    <electorate>McMahon</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>We went to the 2022 election with a very clear policy, and we've been implementing that policy. The Australian people endorsed that policy last year, knowing the challenges that we faced in implementing the policy. I note that in New South Wales, in May 2022, the price of energy at a wholesale level was $320 a megawatt hour, and it's now $75 a megawatt hour.</para>
<para>An opposition member: Wholesale!</para>
<continue>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">Mr BOWEN</name>
    <name.id>DZS</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>Those over there say 'wholesale prices'. If wholesale prices don't count, why did the member for Hume promise to make them $70 a megawatt hour? To be fair to him, in full disclosure, he came nowhere near meeting that promise, because when he left office they were $280 a megawatt hour. I note that in New South Wales as well, 77,974 cheaper home batteries have been installed since 1 July, meaning those people have reduced their energy bills by up to 90 per cent, which helps them obviously and helps the entire grid as well, reducing prices for everyone. And it played no small part—</para>
<para>An opposition member: Rich people!</para>
</continue>
<continue>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">Mr BOWEN</name>
    <name.id>DZS</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>They say 'rich people' when 44 per cent of the cheaper home batteries that have been installed are in regional Australia.</para>
</continue>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">Mr Hogan</name>
    <name.id>218019</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>The point of order is on relevance. It was a very tight question, which the minister refuses to answer.</para>
</interjection>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">The SPEAKER</name>
    <name.id>53517</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>The minister was asked, pretty much, a yes or no question, but, as the member for Page knows, I'm not able to direct him to answer it in the way that he would like. What I can do is make sure he's being directly relevant to the question. He was asked about power bills, and I'm going to make sure he is being directly relevant with the information he is providing to the House. I appreciate that the member for Page would like him to answer it differently, but I cannot deliver on that wish for him today.</para>
</interjection>
<continue>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">Mr BOWEN</name>
    <name.id>DZS</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>As well as the question, I was also referring to the interjections from those opposite who said it was rich people who are installing cheaper batteries. Tell that to the questioner in the seat of Parkes, who has 1,547 cheaper home batteries or to the person who took the point of order, the member for Page, who has 2,501 cheaper home batteries in his electorate. Are they rich people? That shows how out of touch those opposite are—those regional MPs opposite. Whether they are Liberals or Nationals or One Nation or prefer not to disclose, they are out of touch with their constituents.</para>
</continue>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">The SPEAKER</name>
    <name.id>53517</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>The temperature and the interjections were way too high during that answer. I do not want to see a repeat performance of that.</para>
</interjection>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Cost of Living</title>
          <page.no>166</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>14:29</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr MONCRIEFF</name>
    <name.id>316540</name.id>
    <electorate>Hughes</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>My question is to the Treasurer. What steps is the Albanese Labor government taking to strengthen the budget and support Australians with the cost of living? How does that compare with other approaches?</para>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>14:30</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Dr CHALMERS</name>
    <name.id>37998</name.id>
    <electorate>Rankin</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>Thanks to the member for Hughes for his question and for the really important contribution that he's already making to our team in this place. This government is improving the budget position at the same time as we're helping with the cost of living by cutting taxes for all 14 million Australian taxpayers in the tax system a second and third time this term. These are the big differences between a government which is delivering tax cuts and that shambolic three-ring circus over there.</para>
<para>Don't forget the highest taxing government in recent decades was the Howard government. The highest spending government in recent decades was the Morrison government. Those opposite went to the election with a policy for higher taxes, bigger deficits and more debt. Now, the shadow Treasurer, a moment ago, asked about tightening the belt. He wouldn't know the first thing about responsible economic management. They failed, every year, to deliver a surplus, and we've already delivered two. They had real spending growth at 4.1 per cent. We've got it down to 1.7 per cent. They were spending almost a third of the economy. We got it down, closer to a quarter. They spent most of the upward revisions to revenue. We have saved most of them. We got their debt down by $176 billion, partly by saving $114 billion, including $20 billion in the most recent update in December, which improved the budget position in every single year of the forward estimates. This is an important part of the biggest nominal improvement in the budget in our history, allowing us to make room for key investments in areas like Medicare.</para>
<para>There's more work to do, but the substantial progress that we've made has come from savings, spending restraint and surpluses that those opposite were incapable of. We won't be taking lectures from them on the budget or on taxes. They might change their leader this week, but they can't change their record. At the same time as we got the budget in better nick, we're cutting income taxes so more people can earn more and keep more of what they earn. This means lower taxes for workers and lower average tax rates in the economy—a big part of our effort to rebuild incomes after the deliberate wage stagnation we saw under those opposite.</para>
<para>We know that there is more work to do in the budget, because people are still under pressure and the budget is under pressure as well, but it would be under more pressure and people would be under more pressure if those opposite were implementing their election policies for higher taxes, bigger deficits and more debt. The member for Hume and the member for Fairfax have to take responsibility for that. They are among the two biggest reasons why nobody takes them seriously on the economy any more.</para>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Economy</title>
          <page.no>166</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>14:32</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms LEY</name>
    <name.id>00AMN</name.id>
    <electorate>Farrer</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>My question is to the Prime Minister. Can the Prime Minister confirm that interest rates have gone up 13 times on his watch and that the average mortgage holder is now paying $23,000 more every year in repayments?</para>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>14:33</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr ALBANESE</name>
    <name.id>R36</name.id>
    <electorate>Grayndler</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I thank the Leader of the Opposition for her question. What I can confirm is that, when we came to office, inflation had a six in front of it and was rising. It now has a three in front of it. One of the things that we have managed to do, through the responsible economic management that we have put in place, is to get inflation heading down at the same time as we have kept unemployment low and at the same time as we have seen real wages increase over the last two years. That is what a responsible Labor government does—make sure that we understand cost-of-living pressures, make sure that we understand the need to get inflation down, which is why that decrease in inflation led to three interest rate decreases last year.</para>
<para>Of course, we have seen an uptick in inflation, as we have acknowledged. The work continues to do—the Reserve Bank governor made it clear—</para>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">The SPEAKER</name>
    <name.id>53517</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>The Prime Minister was just talking about interest rates and what's happened to those, which was asked about. I'll take the point of order from the Leader of the Opposition, but it's going to be hard to make it on relevance.</para>
</interjection>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">Ms Ley</name>
    <name.id>00AMN</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>Indeed the Prime Minister was, Mr Speaker. My point of order is on relevance because it was a very straightforward question with two simple data points: have interest rates gone up 13 times, and is the average mortgage holder now paying $23,000 more a year?</para>
</interjection>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">The SPEAKER</name>
    <name.id>53517</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>I thank the Leader of the Opposition. As I was explaining, he was referencing one of those data points that you referred to in his answer. So it may not be the answer you like, but he was definitely talking about the interest rates, so, under the standing orders, he's being directly relevant.</para>
</interjection>
<continue>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">Mr ALBANESE</name>
    <name.id>R36</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>After the last meeting of the Reserve Bank, which independently sets interest rates, this is what the governor had to say:</para>
<quote><para class="block">… what's happened over the last six months or so is that private demand has turned out to be much stronger than we had been forecasting …</para></quote>
<para>That is what the Reserve Bank governor had to say very clearly. But what we have done is to make sure as well that we have provided for cost-of-living support, something opposed by those opposite, whose energy for opposing our cost-of-living measures is only exceeded by their energy in fighting each other.</para>
</continue>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Women's Health</title>
          <page.no>167</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>14:36</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms FRANCE</name>
    <name.id>270198</name.id>
    <electorate>Dickson</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>My question is to the Minister for Health and Ageing. How is the Albanese Labor government—</para>
<para>Honourable members interjecting—</para>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">The SPEAKER</name>
    <name.id>53517</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>Order! The member will pause. Just like we did before for the deputy leader, we're going to have silence. We did it for the deputy leader. Now we're going to do it for the member for Dickson. She's earnt the right to be heard in silence as well. The member for Dickson will begin her question, we'll hear it in silence and then question time will continue.</para>
</interjection>
<continue>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">Ms FRANCE</name>
    <name.id>270198</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>My question is to the Minister for Health and Ageing. How is the Albanese Labor government delivering more choice, lower costs and better health care for Australian women after a decade of cuts and neglect?</para>
</continue>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>14:37</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr BUTLER</name>
    <name.id>HWK</name.id>
    <electorate>Hindmarsh</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>Thank you to my friend the member for Dickson for the question but also for joining us in the Mural Hall this morning with the Minister for Women, the Assistant Minister for Health and Ageing and so many others of our colleagues. She is one of a record 69 women who sit in the government party room, and every single one of them regularly reminds me that you can't be serious about strengthening Medicare without being serious about strengthening women's health, because, of course, women consume about 60 per cent of all health services, often not because they're sick but because they're women taking responsibility for their own and their families' reproductive health and planning or because they're going through menopause or perimenopause. The truth is women spent decades in this country simply not getting the support that they needed and that they deserved—no new contraceptive listed on the PBS for more than 30 years, no new menopause treatment listed on the PBS for more than 20 years and no new endometriosis medicine for more than 30 years, not because they didn't exist but forcing Australian women to pay top dollar for the best medicine on the market.</para>
<para>Well, this government changed that with a landmark women's health package that we announced one year ago today, and I want to pay credit to the Assistant Minister for Social Services, who crafted that package, and to the Assistant Minister for Health and Ageing, who has spent the last several months implementing it, because this package has made a real difference to Australian women. More than 660,000 women have filled two million scripts for new medicines we listed on the PBS, saving them tens and tens of millions of dollars, after decades of inaction. Every primary health network now has a dedicated endometriosis and pelvic pain clinic either open or due to open over the next several weeks. More than 70,000 women have used the new Medicare menopause assessment just since July, and thousands and thousands of women have used bulk-billed visits to access long-acting contraceptives like IUDs or implants without having to pay the hundreds and hundreds of dollars they had to pay for that service before 1 November.</para>
<para>For too long, Australian women were getting short-changed by our healthcare system—not enough attention to keeping the PBS updated, not enough support during phases like menopause and perimenopause, and too often, frankly, being expected simply to suck it up with conditions like endometriosis and pelvic pain. Well, this package has already gone a long way to righting those wrongs and making sure that Australia's women reap the benefits from a stronger Medicare.</para>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Energy</title>
          <page.no>168</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>14:39</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr BATT</name>
    <name.id>315478</name.id>
    <electorate>Hinkler</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>My question is to the Minister for Climate Change and Energy. Can the minister name a single Australian who received the $275 reduction in their power bills by the end of 2025 as promised by the Albanese government?</para>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>14:40</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr BOWEN</name>
    <name.id>DZS</name.id>
    <electorate>McMahon</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I can name 225,531 Australian households that have reduced their bills to zero with a cheaper home battery, and I can name every single Australian household that's seen its energy prices at a wholesale level fall by 44 per cent in the last quarter thanks to record renewable rates that have been introduced by this government's policies after a decade of denial and delay, after the member for Hume presided over four gigawatts of dispatchable power leaving the grid and only one gigawatt coming on, which was a 'Taylor made' energy crisis in this country.</para>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">The SPEAKER</name>
    <name.id>53517</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>I just remind the minister that he doesn't need to use a loud voice. I can definitely hear him when he's addressing the House.</para>
</interjection>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Defence Properties</title>
          <page.no>168</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>14:41</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr ZAPPIA</name>
    <name.id>HWB</name.id>
    <electorate>Makin</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>My question is to the Deputy Prime Minister. How is the Albanese Labor government reforming the Defence estate? What has been the response to this, and how does this compare to other approaches?</para>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>14:41</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr MARLES</name>
    <name.id>HWQ</name.id>
    <electorate>Corio</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>Can I thank the member for his question, coming as he does from the great Defence state of South Australia. Last Wednesday the Albanese government announced the biggest reform to Australia's Defence estate in our nation's history. Faced with the prospect of spending $2 billion over the next 25 years on defence sites that we barely use now, the Defence estate will be completely focused on giving Defence what it needs to do its job in defending Australia. It has been far too long since Australian governments dealt with the Defence estate, and in this respect the Defence estate review pointed to a lack of political and organisational will in the past to meet these challenges.</para>
<para>Most definitely, during the nine years of the Abbott-Turnbull-Morrison government, those opposite did absolutely nothing about it. And, based on what they have said since we made the announcement last week, it is clear that, if they were the government today, they would still be asleep today. But what is most astounding is that, given this major Defence announcement over the last few days, we have heard barely anything from the shadow minister for defence—not a press conference, no analysis, not even a bark—because, when it comes to reforming Defence waste, when it comes to providing for Defence efficiency, when it comes to building defence capability, all of this is a long way from the shadow minister's thoughts. I think, lately, maybe—just maybe—the shadow minister has been a little distracted by matters which are a bit closer to hand, matters such as that seat right there.</para>
<para>When it comes to the Liberal Party, that is always the issue, because they are always about their own self-interest; they are never about the national interest. We see that defence is about the security of our nation, but those opposite see defence in terms of what security it can provide to the coalition. They're very big on defence rhetoric. Shamefully and infamously, they tried to use the Australian Defence Force to raise money for the Liberal Party. But, on this side of the House, we know the importance of defence policy. When it comes to defence policy, for those opposite, it is just not core business, and it is certainly not core business for that shadow minister.</para>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Small Business</title>
          <page.no>168</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>14:44</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr TIM WILSON</name>
    <name.id>IMW</name.id>
    <electorate>Goldstein</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>My question is to the Prime Minister. Treasury has said the small-business incentive has failed, with a 23 per cent take up rate. Meanwhile, last year we had the highest number of small-business insolvencies on record, with 41,000 collapsing under your tenure. In response to that, the Minister for Small Business mocked and ridiculed those losing their livelihoods and called them 'dodgy'. Does the Prime Minister support the Minister for Small Business's disgraceful slur that insolvent small-business owners are 'dodgy'?</para>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">Mr Husic</name>
    <name.id>91219</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>The Wilson administration is going to be a wild ride.</para>
</interjection>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">The SPEAKER</name>
    <name.id>53517</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>The member for Chifley will leave the chamber under 94(a).</para>
<para> <inline font-style="italic">The member for Chifley then left the chamber</inline> <inline font-style="italic">.</inline></para>
</interjection>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">The SPEAKER</name>
    <name.id>53517</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>People cannot interject during questions. I can accept when there is debate in the chamber but not when there are people approaching the dispatch box or, equally, when people are asking questions. We're going to continue with this respect being shown for people asking questions and answering questions. The Treasurer now has the call.</para>
</interjection>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>14:45</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Dr CHALMERS</name>
    <name.id>37998</name.id>
    <electorate>Rankin</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>The first point is: we've learned in recent weeks to tread very carefully when it comes to those opposite verballing people's comments, and so that's the first point. The second point is that the program that the shadow minister is referring to was a coalition program. That's the second point. And, on the third point about business insolvencies, of course we understand that businesses, especially small businesses, are under pressure.</para>
<para>But I want to provide for this House, because those opposite are quick to, I think, use figures in a misleading way. I wanted to point out the following. Insolvencies as a proportion of companies under the Albanese government have been the lowest for any government on record. Business insolvencies are lower than they were under Prime Minister Howard. They are lower than the nine wasted years of Prime Ministers Abbott, Turnbull and Morrison. Insolvency rates as a proportion of businesses are lower under this government than under the Howard government and the three governments which preceded us. They are currently almost half of the pre-COVID average. That's business insolvencies.</para>
<para>Now, instead of using the percentages, they want to use nominal—they want to use the total amount of businesses. Isn't it strange that they never mention that, since the government came to office, we've averaged around 26,000 new companies each month according to ASIC data. This is more than 20 per cent higher than the average under the former government. More businesses are being created on our watch; it's actually more than 2½ times what was recorded under the Howard government. And so that's an important bit of perspective, I think, when those opposite peddle partial numbers telling a partial story.</para>
<para>Of course we support small businesses. The small business minister is an extraordinarily dedicated minister to the small businesses of this country. Because of her work and Minister Collins's before her, our government is providing more than $2 billion in targeted support for small business, including in the program that was drawn up and implemented by those opposite, which is currently underperforming.</para>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Energy</title>
          <page.no>169</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>14:48</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms THWAITES</name>
    <name.id>282212</name.id>
    <electorate>Jagajaga</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>My question is to the Minister for Climate Change and Energy. How is the Albanese Labor government working with households to modernise and rebuild our energy grid after a decade of neglect?</para>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>14:48</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr BOWEN</name>
    <name.id>DZS</name.id>
    <electorate>McMahon</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I thank my honourable friend for the question, and, more importantly, I thank her for the absolutely outstanding work she does as Special Envoy on Climate Change and Adaptation. I'm very honoured to have her as a member of our team.</para>
<para>The honourable member asked me how the Albanese government is working with households, and I can say to the House 225,531 cheaper home batteries have now been installed since 1 July. And when you consider that the average size of an Australian household is 2½ people, that's well over half-a-million Australians—more than the population of the ACT—who have benefited from reducing their energy bills by up to 90 per cent. That is increasing by about 1,000 households a day, and 42 per cent of those households are in rural and regional Australia. In Queensland, 55 per cent of the cheaper home batteries that are going in are in rural and regional areas. So this is very much a regional and rural story as well as being a story of the outer suburbs. But the whole grid—every single Australian—benefits when we flatten out demand with more Australians storing their cheap renewable energy from the middle of the day for the night. That helps the grid.</para>
<para>The honourable member asked me about the decade of neglect. It is, of course, the case that we have had a lot of work to do to repair that damage. Over the decade of the Liberal government, we saw four gigawatts of dispatchable power leave the grid and only one gigawatt come on. I can tell the House that since we came to office, in May 2022, we have actually added 7.7 gigawatts of dispatchable large-scale power, and that's not even counting the cheaper home batteries that we've installed. That's a lot of repair work done after the period 2018 to 2022, when we saw the member for Hume announce a billion-dollar program which delivered not one single watt—not a kilowatt, not a megawatt, not a gigawatt—to the energy grid.</para>
<para>The member for Hume was told that the Snowy 2.0 scheme was running two years late, and he didn't tell the Australian people. I can tell the House it is now 70 per cent complete, repairing the work of the member for Hume. The member for Hume knew there was a 20 per cent increase in bills, which he hid. Is it any wonder we saw an unknown Liberal MP say on the weekend—I'm going to sanitise this, Mr Speaker, out of great respect for you and the House. I'm going to make the language parliamentary. The member said, 'Everything the member for Hume touches turns to'—custard. He was a disaster as energy minister and he was a disaster as Shadow Treasurer. The definition of insanity would be to put someone with a disastrous track record into the top job, hoping things will be different.</para>
<para>A government member interjecting—</para>
<continue>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">Mr BOWEN</name>
    <name.id>DZS</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>That's not us. That's his side. And we know the member for Hume, himself, said at the election campaign, 'You know, the best indicator of future performance is past performance.' Well, that's a hundred per cent right. That's why we on this side of the House wish the member for Hume all the warmest best wishes for this week. We've fully got his back.</para>
</continue>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Aged Care</title>
          <page.no>170</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>14:52</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Dr RYAN</name>
    <name.id>297660</name.id>
    <electorate>Kooyong</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>My question is for the Minister for Aged Care and Seniors. The government's new single assessment scheme is failing older Australians. I'm hearing from many constituents about the long wait times for assessments and that experienced clinicians are unable to override algorithmic decision-making. It's been reported that more than 120,000 Australians are still waiting for one of these automated assessments. Minister, are these once-in-a-generation reforms just 'robo aged care'?</para>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>14:52</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr RAE</name>
    <name.id>300122</name.id>
    <electorate>Hawke</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I thank the member for her question. I acknowledge her constructive engagement around aged-care issues and the passionate support that she provides her community. However, I respectfully disagree with the premise that she has put forward in her question.</para>
<para>The Aged Care Act has moved from legislation to implementation. We promised to deliver generational reform to the way we care for older people, and that's exactly what we're doing. We're now focused on the practical work of this delivery, continuing to work closely with the sector and making sure that we get the settings right. That work is being done with older Australians firmly at its centre. In December 2024 this government introduced a single streamlined assessment system, a recommendation of the royal commission. As well, we introduced the integrated assessment tool on 1 July 2024. Instead of requiring older people to go through multiple assessments with different providers, we've moved to a simpler system that is more streamlined, easier and more responsive as people's needs change.</para>
<para>Thanks to this approach, the number of outstanding assessments has been reducing in recent months. Between the April-June quarter and the July-September quarter of 2025, median wait times for home assessments dropped by seven days. In that same time period, median comprehensive assessment wait times dropped eight days, with the median wait time just 24 days from request to completion of assessments in the July-September quarter.</para>
<para>The integrated assessment tool is used by an aged-care needs assessor to assess an older person's wellbeing, capturing a comprehensive profile of an older person's needs and ensuring accuracy and consistency in decision-making. A classification algorithm runs after the assessor completes the IAT with the older person, determining an older person's ongoing CHSP or support at home classification. I assure the member that assessors still play a critical role in achieving high quality assessment outcomes by using their clinical judgement and strong communication and engagement skills to complete the IAT during the assessment.</para>
<para>Let me be clear: the IAT classification algorithm does not replace assessor input; it relies on assessors documenting their advice in the IAT first. Feedback from older Australians is absolutely critical to this process. The department will continue to monitor the operation of the algorithm, and we intend to refine it on a regular basis.</para>
<para>Ms Penfold interjecting—</para>
<continue>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">Mr RAE</name>
    <name.id>300122</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>This is a steady, responsible delivery: listening, getting the details right and keeping our focus on better outcomes for older Australians.</para>
</continue>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">The SPEAKER</name>
    <name.id>53517</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>Order! The member for Hume is going to cease interjecting. The member for Hume and the member for Lyne were just too animated during those answers. We're going to make sure everyone is listening and showing respect so we can now hear from the member for Paterson.</para>
</interjection>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Trade</title>
          <page.no>170</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>14:56</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms SWANSON</name>
    <name.id>264170</name.id>
    <electorate>Paterson</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>My question is to the Minister for Agriculture. How is the Albanese Labor government rebuilding our trading relationships to deliver more opportunities for Australian farmers and producers? How does this compare to other approaches, and why are strong relationships key for our farmers and our regional communities?</para>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>14:56</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms COLLINS</name>
    <name.id>HWM</name.id>
    <electorate>Franklin</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I thank our terrific member for Paterson. She is Chair of Standing Committee on Primary Industries, and she's done a mountain of work about food security and the importance of farmers in our region. I do want to thank her. She, of course, knows how important our trade outcomes are for farmers and regional communities.</para>
<para>While those opposite have remained focused on themselves for months, we've been focused on delivering more opportunities for our farmers and our producers to export their world-class products. This is delivering record success for our farmers and our producers, with ABARES predicting agricultural exports will reach over $83 billion this financial year—that's over $83 billion this financial year from our farmers. This is testament to the hard work and resilience of our farmers, backed, of course, by our government's careful and considered work to diversify trade and restore Australia's standing in the world, because we know that more trade is good for our farmers, good for regional jobs and good for local economies.</para>
<para>Since coming to government, we've delivered 256 market access achievements and improvements for agricultural products. We now reach around 190 countries. It's the most diversified our agricultural trade has ever been. We've secured the removal of $80 billion worth of trade impediments from our largest trading partner. We've delivered Australia's first free trade agreement with the Middle East, which slashed around $50 million a year in tariffs on Australian agricultural and food exports. This agreement with the UAE has now seen $67 million worth of Aussie beef exported in just its first two months. We've secured new market access for Australian blueberries to Vietnam—trade worth around $22 million. We've improved access for wheat exports to Indonesia. This is a market worth $1.5 billion. It took a Labor government to secure these market access improvements for our farmers and our producers, because we understand that relationships require stability, consistency and trust.</para>
<para>But, Mr Speaker, if you want a lesson on how not to manage a relationship, you've just got to look at the shambles opposite of the Liberals and the Nationals splitting twice in a mere two months. If they can't manage their own internal relationships in opposition, let alone Australia's international relationships during government, how are they fit to govern again? Our farmers and our producers deserve so much better, which is why on this side of the House we will continue securing more trade opportunities for our farmers. While those on that side of the House focus their attention on who's on the menu, we're getting on with what's on the menu—and the Albanese Labor government will continue to support our farmers.</para>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Middle East</title>
          <page.no>171</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>14:59</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Dr SCAMPS</name>
    <name.id>299623</name.id>
    <electorate>Mackellar</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>My question is to the Prime Minister. Overnight, Israel approved new measures that attempt to legalise settlement expansion and land confiscation in the occupied West Bank. Given that Australia has recognised the State of Palestine, that these settlements are illegal under international law and that Australia has used targeted sanctions elsewhere, will the Prime Minister sanction Israeli institutions and officials linked to the settlement expansion and strongly reiterate Australia's commitment to the two-state solution?</para>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>15:00</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr MARLES</name>
    <name.id>HWQ</name.id>
    <electorate>Corio</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I thank the member for her question, and, in doing so, I note the timing of the question. The government has in place sanctions in respect of Israel, which have been announced and well publicised. But underpinning that fundamentally has been a position which has been held by this government, which is consistent with governments of the past from both political parties, of supporting a two-state solution—a two-state solution which on the one hand provides for the legitimate aspiration of the Palestinian people to have statehood, but which on the other hand also provides for the people of Israel to live with security. That continues to be the position that our government has held. In the face of the very complex situation which has evidently played out in the Middle East, every step that we have taken as a government has been underpinned by that very clear position.</para>
<para>In saying that, it is also important for me to acknowledge on this day that we have in this country the head of state of one of those states, the State of Israel. His visit to our country is an important visit at the invitation of both the Prime Minister and the Governor-General. It's an important visit on its own terms in respect of the bilateral relationship between Australia and Israel. But, in the context of the tragedy of the Bondi massacre, his presence in Australia today is very significant for our nation and particularly for our nation's Jewish community. In that respect, the President of Israel is here today and during this week as an honoured and welcomed guest—and he is so, utterly consistent with the position that this government holds in supporting a two-state solution.</para>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Australian Defence Force</title>
          <page.no>171</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>15:02</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr DAVID SMITH</name>
    <name.id>276714</name.id>
    <electorate>Bean</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>My question is to the Minister for Veterans' Affairs and Minister for Defence Personnel. What is the Albanese Labor government doing to grow the Australian Defence Force's capabilities in new domains, and why is this important?</para>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>15:03</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr KEOGH</name>
    <name.id>249147</name.id>
    <electorate>Burt</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I thank the member for Bean for his important question. Many think about the ADF in terms of land, air and sea, but our capabilities across space and cyber are becoming increasingly important. I was proud today to launch two new direct recruitment roles into the Australian Defence Force—our space operator officer and our space operator specialist roles. These are new direct recruitment roles into our Defence Force, and it means those that are gravitating towards a career in Defence will now be able to consider a career in space. A job that would have been out of this world for us when we were in school now becomes something that is attainable to them.</para>
<para>This means we will be having people join our Defence Force being able to perform vitally important roles across satellite communication, missile detection, intelligence, reconnaissance, weather and environmental observation, and being able to be aware of and observe what's going on in the important domain of space. We always talk about being aware of those other domains and what may be confronting our country during these most difficult of geostrategic circumstances, and it's important that we are able to do that in the space domain as well. And we are doing this in a context where we are growing our Defence Force, with more than 300 different roles available for direct recruitment into our Defence Force now.</para>
<para>This is an incredibly important thing as we seek to grow our Defence Force more broadly, because when we came into government the Defence Force was not growing. It was shrinking. We have gone around delivering by increasing our recruitment to the Defence force, and last financial year we saw the largest recruitment number in 15 years. Importantly, now, we also see that our separation rate is at historic lows. That means, unlike when those opposite were in government, under the Albanese government, we are growing our Defence Force. We're improving our capability across land, sea, air and, importantly, space and cyber as well. We are concentrating on delivery for our national security in government while those opposite are only focused on division and themselves.</para>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Interest Rates</title>
          <page.no>172</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>15:05</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr KENNEDY</name>
    <name.id>267506</name.id>
    <electorate>Cook</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>My question is to the Treasurer. The RBA governor confirmed what the Treasurer would not, which is that government spending contributes to pressure on interest rates. Confirming what we all already knew, the governor said:</para>
<quote><para class="block">That's logical. It's mathematical. That's what happens.</para></quote>
<para>Given economists, former RBA board members and now the RBA governor have all acknowledged government spending contributes to inflation and the latest interest rate rise, why can't the Treasurer?</para>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>15:06</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Dr CHALMERS</name>
    <name.id>37998</name.id>
    <electorate>Rankin</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>Once again—dishonestly conflating two different things. The idea—</para>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">The SPEAKER</name>
    <name.id>53517</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>Manager of Opposition Business, on a point of order?</para>
</interjection>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">Mr Hawke</name>
    <name.id>HWO</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>Again, the Treasurer is imputing a motive to a member asking a simple question, and it's out of order for him to make that suggestion.</para>
</interjection>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">The SPEAKER</name>
    <name.id>53517</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>I listened carefully. It's a different category from the earlier one where he accused the member of deliberately doing something. It's his opinion that he is asserting at the moment, and that's why I'm ruling it in order.</para>
</interjection>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">The SPEAKER</name>
    <name.id>53517</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>Alright. I can fix this pretty easily by getting the Treasurer to change that wording to make sure it complies.</para>
<para><inline font-style="italic">An opposition member interjecting</inline>—</para>
</interjection>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">The SPEAKER</name>
    <name.id>53517</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>That's why I'm agreeing with the manager. So, when I'm on your side, make sure you listen carefully. We'll fix this and then we can move on.</para>
</interjection>
<continue>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">Dr CHALMERS</name>
    <name.id>37998</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>The more divided they get, the more desperate they get. The point that I'm making is those opposite have tried to conflate two very different things. The idea that public demand is part of the calculation of aggregate demand is not contested by anyone, and that's what they're pretending that we are contesting. We are not. The question isn't whether public demand is part of aggregate demand; it's whether public demand was responsible for the bigger than expected tick-up at the end of last year, and plainly it wasn't. Those opposite should stop verballing the governor of the Reserve Bank and look at what the governor actually said.</para>
<para>The governor said, on Friday, that she was surprised how quickly public demand retreated and how much private demand accelerated. That's the same factual point that they made in the statement on Tuesday and is the same factual point that I have been making during the course of last week, yesterday on <inline font-style="italic">Insiders</inline> and this week. In fact, the budget has improved in both updates last year—quite significantly in the December update and there was a budget improvement in March as well.</para>
<para>I remind the member again—as I had to remind the shadow Treasurer—by his own logic, there would be more inflation and higher interest rates if they'd won the election and implemented the member for Hume's policy for higher deficits this year and next year at the same time as he wanted to increase income taxes on all 14 million Australian taxpayers. In a lot of organisations, that would get you marked down; in that one, it gets him promoted.</para>
<para>The same people who say now that inflation and rates are determined primarily by budgets weren't saying that last year when inflation was falling and rates were cut three times. They should stop conflating two very different things. I don't expect much better from the member for Fairfax, but we should expect better from the member up the back.</para>
</continue>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Housing</title>
          <page.no>173</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>15:09</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms JARRETT</name>
    <name.id>298574</name.id>
    <electorate>Brisbane</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>My    question is to the Minister for Housing. How is the Albanese Labor government supporting Australians into homeownership? What other approaches has the government been asked to consider?</para>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>15:09</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms O'NEIL</name>
    <name.id>140590</name.id>
    <electorate>Hotham</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I am absolutely thrilled to get this question from the member for Brisbane. Just recently, we ticked over 2,000 of her constituents who have gotten into their first home because of her advocacy and our government's backing—2,000 people in her community and many more to come. We've got a housing challenge affecting our country that's been cooking for 40 years. For 40 years, we have not been building enough homes, and all of the pain that Australians are in today in relation to housing really comes back to that problem, whether it's house prices rising too quickly, rents going up too fast or that really visible effect that all of us see in our communities—that rising population of people who do not have a stable roof over their head.</para>
<para>These problems are serious enough, but one of the things that is so concerning to our government is the fact that this is not a burden being fairly shared by Australians. What we see is that, without question, it is younger Australians and it is Australians on low incomes who are bearing the brunt of this. Speaker, I know that you talk to a lot of young people around the country—hopefully, all of us as representatives are speaking to our younger constituents—and so you will hear them talk about the fact that, for so many of them, housing is the defining problem in their lives.</para>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">The SPEAKER</name>
    <name.id>53517</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>The minister will pause. The member for Barker has been interjecting right throughout question time. He's come alive! So he's now going to leave the chamber under standing order 94(a). It's simply unacceptable to be interjecting nonstop in every single answer.</para>
<para class="italic"> <inline font-style="italic">The member for Barker then left the chamber.</inline></para>
</interjection>
<continue>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">Ms O'NEIL</name>
    <name.id>140590</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>This is a problem that is very heavily falling on the younger people of this country, and the numbers don't lie. A lower-income young Australian is about half as likely to own their own home today as in the year that I was born. That is why our government has such a bold and ambitious agenda to address the housing situation for young people around our country. The five per cent deposit program that is so offensive to those opposite is something that has now helped 220,000 Australians into their first home on our watch. We have a pretty simple belief. We believe that ordinary Australians should get the chance to get into their own home, and we are right here to back them in.</para>
<para>The member asked me about alternative approaches, and what a pity it is that those opposite, once a serious political force in this country, have nothing sensible to say about one of the biggest challenges that face our country. We had the shadow minister for housing give an interview last week. He was asked about the coalition's policy, and this is what he said. I'm quoting him directly. He said, 'We've been too busy talking about the internals of the Liberal Party to do any work.' I did not make that up. Those were his exact words, and I present that to the House because it is very important for the Australian people to understand that the absolutely outrageous disunity and dysfunction that exists on the other side of the parliament actually has a cost for Australians.</para>
<para>This country has got some really significant issues. We need a functional opposition to actually debate and discuss these with us. They come to parliament each fortnight and spend all their time talking about themselves. Our focus is on the Australian people who sent us here and the things that we can do to make their lives better.</para>
</continue>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Energy</title>
          <page.no>173</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>15:13</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr McCORMACK</name>
    <name.id>219646</name.id>
    <electorate>Riverina</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>My question is to the Minister for Climate Change and Energy. In the lead-up to the 2022 election, the Prime Minister repeatedly promised a $275 reduction in household energy bills, and I quote:</para>
<quote><para class="block">I don't think, I know. I know because we have done the modelling.</para></quote>
<para>Without mentioning home batteries, will the minister finally admit that the Prime Minister was wrong, the modelling was wrong and Australian families are paying the price every day for this government's abject failure to deliver on its promise?</para>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>15:14</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr BOWEN</name>
    <name.id>DZS</name.id>
    <electorate>McMahon</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I understand the honourable gentleman doesn't want me to mention the 2,390 households in his electorate that have received the cheaper home battery, but I feel obliged. I feel obliged to speak on their behalf to defend their right to a cheaper home battery that those opposite opposed. Those opposite are talking a lot about spending cuts at the moment. Well, they would've cut the Cheaper Home Batteries Program—that's what Australians would want to know—before even more Australians get a chance to access a cheaper home battery.</para>
<para>The Prime Minister also made the point after the election that we've seen so many Australians reduce their bills permanently after the 2025 election—225,000 Australian households, times 2.5 in terms of numbers of people, who reduced their bills permanently, in many cases to zero. In many cases, they got a rebate. We think that's a good thing. Those opposite aren't too impressed with that. That's the difference between the two sides of the House.</para>
<para>In relation to energy prices, as I said in my previous answer, the Australian people knew in 2025 what progress we'd made, what efforts we'd made and what obstacles we'd had to overcome. They looked at the two sides' policies; they looked at the records, and they asked us to serve a second term in office—one that we were humbled and honoured to receive. The member for Fairfax can take his fair share of the credit for that, to give due credit. As the architect of the opposition's nuclear policy, we're very grateful to him. We're very grateful for the $600 billion nuclear policy which he engineered, which he sold to the Australian people and which the Australian people cast a verdict on.</para>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Tertiary Education and Training</title>
          <page.no>174</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>15:15</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms DOYLE</name>
    <name.id>299962</name.id>
    <electorate>Aston</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>My question is to the Minister for Education. What is the Albanese Labor government doing to cut student debt and to make it cheaper and quicker to get the skills Australians need? And why is unity so important in delivering for Australians?</para>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>15:16</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr CLARE</name>
    <name.id>HWL</name.id>
    <electorate>Blaxland</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I thank my friend the legendary member for Aston for her question. School is back, and university will be back very soon too, and this year more Australians will start a university degree than ever before. That's good news because we need more teachers, nurses, doctors, scientists, engineers and lots more. In the years ahead, more jobs are going to require more skills—the sorts of skills that you get at TAFE or at university. That's why we're funding free TAFE, and that's why we're funding more spots at university.</para>
<para>We also want to make it easier, faster and cheaper to get those skills, and that's why we've cut student debt by 20 per cent, the biggest cut to student debt in Australian history, taking a massive weight off the shoulders of three million young Australians. The average student debt has been cut by $5,500. We're not just doing that; we're also cutting the amount of money that you have to repay of that debt every year. For example, if you're on 70 grand a year, we're cutting the amount that you have to repay every year by $1,300. That's real cost-of-living help. It means an extra 1,300 bucks in your pocket rather than in the government's.</para>
<para>These aren't the only things that we're doing. I told the House last year that the University of Canberra has cut the length of six university degrees by 12 months and cut the cost of those degrees by an average of $6,000 if you've done a TAFE course in the same area. I can advise the House that Western Sydney University has just announced the same sort of thing. If you've got a TAFE qualification in nursing, construction, IT or a range of other areas, they'll cut the length of your degree by a year and the cost of that degree by up to $18,000. That's the sort of thing that I want to see more of this year, and I know Australians want to see more of that too—a real partnership, a genuine coalition between TAFE and university, a tailor-made coalition that stands for something and that gets things done, that'll help to make sure that your degree is shorter and cheaper and gets you the skills that you need. That's the sort of thing that Australians want—a coalition that's focused on them. By gosh, surely it's not too much to ask.</para>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Economy</title>
          <page.no>174</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>15:19</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr VIOLI</name>
    <name.id>300147</name.id>
    <electorate>Casey</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>My question is to the Treasurer. Last week, the RBA governor confirmed that government spending is part of aggregate demand and 'contributing to inflationary pressures'. She said:</para>
<quote><para class="block">That's why we've decided to raise interest rates …</para></quote>
<para>Will the Treasurer now finally accept that his spending has contributed to inflationary pressures and the interest rate rise, or is the independent RBA governor wrong?</para>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>15:20</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Dr CHALMERS</name>
    <name.id>37998</name.id>
    <electorate>Rankin</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I answered this question when the member for Cook asked it a moment ago. The member for Casey is making the same mistake that the member for Cook made and the member for Fairfax made as well. That is to conflate two very different things. Now, if the member for Casey was listening a moment ago to my answer to the member for Cook, he would have heard me say that 'public is part of aggregate demand' is not contested by anyone. The question is whether the—</para>
<para><inline font-style="italic">An opposition member interjecting</inline>—</para>
<continue>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">Dr CHALMERS</name>
    <name.id>37998</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>No, I didn't. The question is whether public spending is responsible for the higher-than-expected tick-up in inflation towards the end of last year. Here I refer the honourable member, as I referred the other member and the one up the front for the time being, to what the governor of the Reserve Bank actually said:</para>
<quote><para class="block">… public demand's contribution … has declined … And we were surprised in the first half of 2025 that it declined as much as it did. And we have been surprised in the latter part of 2025 by … private demand, on the upside. They are facts.</para></quote>
<para>They made a similar point in the media release that they put out on the Tuesday. Governor Bullock made that point a number of different ways on Friday as well.</para>
<para>What those opposite are desperately trying to do is verbal the Reserve Bank governor in an attempt to drag her, I think, in an unedifying way into a political contest because they're desperate to distract from the fact that they are hopelessly divided. It is a shambolic opposition, and the more divided they are, the more desperate they become in trying to verbal the Reserve Bank governor. It's possible to understand, as I do and as the Reserve Bank governor does, that public demand is part of aggregate demand and also to acknowledge, again as I have and as the governor of the Reserve Bank has, that the tick up in inflation towards the end of last year, which was unwelcome and led to the interest rate decision last week, was primarily because of the uptick in private demand that the governor has referenced herself on a number of occasions.</para>
<para>I would encourage those opposite to be more respectful of the governor, to quote her accurately. Last week, the opposition leader tried to drag the Treasury secretary into it, and now they're trying to drag the Reserve Bank governor into it as well. They should understand that they are referring to two very different things. I think that they are deliberately conflating them to try and cover up for the fact that those opposite are a three-ring circus. This government won't be distracted by them.</para>
</continue>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Cybersafety</title>
          <page.no>175</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>15:23</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms BERRY</name>
    <name.id>23497</name.id>
    <electorate>Whitlam</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>My question is to the Minister for Communications. How is the Albanese Labor government's social media age restriction helping to protect young people online? What has been the response?</para>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>15:23</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms WELLS</name>
    <name.id>264121</name.id>
    <electorate>Lilley</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I thank the member for Whitlam for her question. The Albanese government is proudly leading the world in our mission to protect our kids from the persuasive and pervasive pull of social media. In the wake of 4.7 million accounts being deactivated, removed or restricted in the first week of our social media laws, leaders from across the globe are now following in Australia's footsteps—because the battle to protect young people online transcends the boundaries of any country or continent. In the lead-up to and after 10 December, I met with leaders from across the globe and the political spectrum who are inspired and encouraged by Australia's courage and conviction to take on big tech.</para>
<para>In recent days, Prime Minister Pedro Sanchez has committed to protecting Spanish children from the 'digital Wild West' by delaying access to social media until the age of 16 years old. Joining Australia in our mission, he recognised that children are being 'exposed to a space they were never meant to navigate alone'. He said:</para>
<quote><para class="block">We will no longer accept that. We will protect them …</para></quote>
<para>President Emmanuel Macron said consensus was being shaped on the need to protect future generations, with French lawmakers passing a bill delaying access to social media until the age of 15. Prime Minister Keir Starmer is looking closely at Australia's social media law, and I look forward to meeting with the British Secretary of State for Science, Innovation and Technology, Liz Kendall, to share our experiences and our success. Our friend across the ditch, Prime Minister Christopher Luxon, is deeply supportive of delaying access to social media until the age of 16, and they are preparing to introduce their own laws. Denmark is standing up to the social media giants with its own minimum age laws, saying:</para>
<quote><para class="block">The cell phone and social media are robbing our children of their childhood.</para></quote>
<para>Norway is putting a stop to tech companies that are 'pitted against small children's brains', enforcing a minimum age of 15. The list continues with Malaysia, the Czech Republic, Romania and Egypt, and I expect other countries will now follow as Australia's waves ripple across the globe.</para>
<para>As American social psychologist Professor Jonathan Haidt said, Australia's law 'is by far the most important single piece of legislation ever enacted on planet Earth to protect children in the internet age'. We stared down everybody who said it couldn't be done—some of the most powerful and rich companies in the world and their supporters—and now Australian parents can be confident their kids can have their childhood back. The world is looking to Australia and the action that we are taking. We will not back down from this fight. We are proud to be leading the world in making the digital world safer for our kids.</para>
<para>Opposition members interjecting—</para>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">The SPEAKER</name>
    <name.id>53517</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>Order! I'm just asking members on my left to show some restraint, particularly on the topic that we're discussing in the parliament.</para>
</interjection>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">The SPEAKER</name>
    <name.id>53517</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>Manager, can you just control yourself? I want to bring the House back to order, and, when you stop, we will show the member for Ryan respect—well, try hard to show respect.</para>
</interjection>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Airservices Australia</title>
          <page.no>176</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>15:27</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms WATSON-BROWN</name>
    <name.id>300127</name.id>
    <electorate>Ryan</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>My question is to the Minister for Infrastructure, Transport, Regional Development and Local Government. CommBank, CSL and Qantas were all privatised by Labor, and now you're set to follow those footsteps and let Airservices Australia sell off billions in firefighting assets, though Airservices will lease these back anyway. Why let Airservices sell out our hardworking aviation firefighters and risk aviation safety with an accounting trick that will cost more in the long term?</para>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>15:27</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms CATHERINE KING</name>
    <name.id>00AMR</name.id>
    <electorate>Ballarat</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>It is true that our aviation assets are ageing. At our federally leased airports, we have firefighting terminals that are quite old, as well as a fleet of fire trucks. It's estimated it's about $8 billion worth of assets that need replacing. The government has made no decisions about how it is going to fund the replacement of those assets. Airservices has requested to explore whether there are opportunities for Australian super funds to invest in these assets, and I have suggested that that can continue, but the government has made no decisions about this. But I want to make sure that our firefighters—wherever they are, but particularly the ones that I have responsibility for, at Airservices—continue to be government employees always but that they also have the best possible equipment to fight fires at airports. I want to make sure that that is the case, but the government has made no decisions about this matter at all.</para>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Infrastructure</title>
          <page.no>176</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>15:29</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms MILLER-FROST</name>
    <name.id>296272</name.id>
    <electorate>Boothby</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>My question is to the Minister for Infrastructure, Transport, Regional Development and Local Government. How is the Albanese Labor government focused on delivering key rail projects across the country? Why is delivery rather than division so important in the delivery of infrastructure projects?</para>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>15:29</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms CATHERINE KING</name>
    <name.id>00AMR</name.id>
    <electorate>Ballarat</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I thank the member for Boothby for her question. Last month we reached an exciting milestone for her constituents, with Adelaide's Glenelg line reopening over the Australia Day long weekend. In partnership with the Malinauskas Labor government, we removed three level crossings, replacing them with terrific new bridges. That is a big safety upgrade and will also mean faster journeys for drivers and smoother commutes for people catching these trams. Adelaide, of course, isn't the only place where we're making tracks on our infrastructure investment. Last month we saw the first new tracks being laid in the Canberra CBD—a big milestone on this city's city-shaping project and a great example of the progress that we're making. Stage 2A will deliver three new stops and pave the way for the network to be extended south of the lake.</para>
<para>In the regions, we're getting the basics right on Inland Rail, which under the Nationals was a train to nowhere. When the Nationals held this portfolio and started Inland Rail, they set off on a half-baked plan, with no idea how they were going to bring it to a close. That might sound a bit familiar—a bit like when they blew up the coalition and spent 17 days basically bickering with each other and not having a plan as to how to get out of it. They had no plan for a freight terminus in Victoria, and we had to come in and fix that mess. I'm happy to report that, late last year, with the member for McEwen, I turned the first sod on the Beveridge intermodal, which will be the Victorian terminus for double-stacked freight trains. That means that double-stacked freight trains will be able to travel from Melbourne all the way to Perth via Parkes. Inland Rail is just another example of where the Nationals have started something without thinking through the details.</para>
<para>Of course, it is now Labor, with 24 regional seats, that really is the party of the bush, and we are focused on delivery. While the newly re-formed coalition rail against each other on the airwaves, we're getting on with building the infrastructure that Australia needs. Australian infrastructure is on track, while the coalition remains continually off the rails.</para>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">Mr Albanese</name>
    <name.id>R36</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>I ask that further questions be placed on the <inline font-style="italic">Notice Paper</inline>.</para>
</interjection>
</speech>
</subdebate.1></debate>
    <debate><debateinfo>
        <title>QUESTIONS WITHOUT NOTICE: ADDITIONAL ANSWERS</title>
        <page.no>176</page.no>
        <type>QUESTIONS WITHOUT NOTICE: ADDITIONAL ANSWERS</type>
      </debateinfo><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Taxation</title>
          <page.no>176</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>15:31</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr ALBANESE</name>
    <name.id>R36</name.id>
    <electorate>Grayndler</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I wish to add to an answer. Last week I drew the House's attention to the Senate committee that the Liberals, the Nationals and the Greens are using to look into the operation of the capital gains tax discount. I want to add some additional detail to the answer I gave last week, because, as sure as night follows day, an hour after question time last week Senator Bragg was up in the Sky News studio talking to Tom Connell. The transcript is worth reviewing and reporting to the House, because I wasn't aware of it. Tom Connell asks: 'What have you found in the committee so far?' Senator Bragg replies: 'Nothing. We haven't done any work yet.' Tom Connell—</para>
<para>Opposition members interjecting—</para>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">The SPEAKER</name>
    <name.id>53517</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>Order! The Prime Minister is giving supplementary information. I don't know what else he's going to say. I'll listen to what the Prime Minister says to make sure he's adding to the answer, not bringing new material into the answer.</para>
</interjection>
<continue>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">Mr ALBANESE</name>
    <name.id>R36</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>It's information for the House. Tom Connell says, 'You haven't started?' Senator Bragg says, 'We've been on strike. No. We are going to do some work. No, we've been too busy talking about the internals of the Liberal Party to do any work.' Nailed it in one!</para>
</continue>
</speech>
</subdebate.1></debate>
    <debate><debateinfo>
        <title>COMMITTEES</title>
        <page.no>177</page.no>
        <type>COMMITTEES</type>
      </debateinfo><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Membership</title>
          <page.no>177</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>15:33</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">The SPEAKER</name>
    <name.id>53517</name.id>
    <electorate></electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I've received advice from the Chief Opposition Whip, nominating members to be members of certain committees.</para>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>15:33</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr BURKE</name>
    <name.id>DYW</name.id>
    <electorate>Watson</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>by leave—I move:</para>
<quote><para class="block">That:</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(1) Mr Boyce be appointed a member of the Standing Committee on Climate Change, Energy, Environment and Water;</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(2) Ms Penfold be appointed a member of the Standing Committee on Communications, the Arts and Sport;</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(3) Mr Birrell be appointed a member of the Standing Committee on Education and the Standing Committee on Health, Aged Care and Disability;</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(4) Ms Landry and Mr McCormack be appointed members of the Standing Committee on Industry, Innovation and Science;</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(5) Mr Chaffey and Ms Landry be appointed members of the Standing Committee on Primary Industries;</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(6) Mr McCormack be appointed a member of the Committee of Privileges and Members' Interests, the Standing Committee on Social Policy and Legal Affairs and the Parliamentary Joint Committee on Parliamentary Standards;</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(7) Ms Landry and Ms Penfold be appointed members of the Standing Committee on Regional Development, Infrastructure and Transport;</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(8) Ms Landry be appointed a member of the Selection Committee; and</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(9) Mr Conaghan be appointed a member of the Parliamentary Joint Committee on the National Anti-Corruption Commission.</para></quote>
<para>For the information of members, a few weeks ago, every single one of those people was already a member of that committee, and that was the list that the Speaker decided wisely, I think, not to read out to us last week. This week's procedure is to put everybody back on the committees that they were bounced off last week. I don't know what the next procedure they make us move will be. It's something like the share house, where you hate all the other tenants but it's too expensive to move out!</para>
<para>Question agreed to.</para>
</speech>
</subdebate.1></debate>
    <debate><debateinfo>
        <title>MOTIONS</title>
        <page.no>177</page.no>
        <type>MOTIONS</type>
      </debateinfo><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Small Business</title>
          <page.no>177</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>15:36</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr TIM WILSON</name>
    <name.id>IMW</name.id>
    <electorate>Goldstein</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I move:</para>
<para>That so much that the standing and sessional orders be suspended as would prevent the Member for Goldstein moving the following motion immediately:</para>
<quote><para class="block">That this House:</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(1) notes that:</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(a) during the matter of public importance discussion on 5 February 2026, the Minister for Small Business suggested that the 33,426 small businesses which have closed under the Government did so because "maybe they were dodgy"; and</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(b) the Minister for Small Business told the House she would take the opportunity to correct the record about these disgraceful comments but that she is yet to do so; and</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(2) therefore, requires the Minister for Small Business to present a formal apology in the House, apologising to the thousands of small business owners and their staff whom she slandered, before the House rises today.</para></quote>
<para>We know very well we are all sitting here during the matter of public importance last week, when the Minister for Small Business, in response to talking about the 40,000 small businesses that have gone insolvent under this government, said, 'Maybe they were dodgy.' Never has there been a more contemptuous response from the Minister for Small Business—the person whose job it is in this parliament to advocate for their interests—to slur and denigrate them and the hard work of Australians who are standing up and fighting for the future of not just themselves, their families, their communities but the millions of people who work for small business all across this country.</para>
<para>We are at a crossroads as a country. We have a private employment crisis in Australia right now. The government is responsible for eight in 10 jobs either being created directly or indirectly because we are seeing such a crisis in confidence in private investment and private employment. What we have now, when those businesses are trying to get ahead, when they're drowning under the problems and the pressure of inflation, is nothing but contempt from the Albanese government. To say to people who have saved and sacrificed to get themselves into a position to support themselves—who have done the hard work and are making sure they can employ millions of Australians—'maybe they're dodgy' shows a shocking level of contempt from this government and this minister in response to the importance of small business.</para>
<para>The crisis small business in this country is facing right now directly correlates to the problems of inflation. We just heard the Treasurer throughout the entirety of question time continuously saying that there was no correlation between private demand and government expenditure. We heard from the minister and the Treasurer dismissing the problems of inflation and the impact they are having on the small businesses, family businesses, sole traders and self-employed. But the Reserve Bank Governor last Friday, in answer to the question from the member for Cook—and congratulations to him on asking incisive questions in the House of Representatives economics committee—very clearly drew the correlation between public expenditure, inflation and how that is putting upward pressure on interest rates.</para>
<para>This is particularly important because we have so many small businesses that borrow to manage their challenges of liquidity. We have so many small businesses that borrow to raise the capital they need to invest in their own future and to be able to buy the assets they need. And, of course, we know right now that that future is being compromised while the Treasurer floats out options of getting rid of the capital gains discount, as a consequence compromising future investment in this country.</para>
<para>But, even worse than that, so many of those small businesses, because they have to back themselves with money that they borrow from the security they put in their own private home, risk their own future to give a better future to others, often have to go to non-bank lenders and end up paying a higher interest rate than the standard retail rate that so many Australian households pay. So, when interest rates go up and inflation goes up, small business is hit multiple times over. They are also facing a cost-of-business crisis because all those costs that are increasing as a consequence of inflation are going through small businesses.</para>
<para>Large businesses and big corporates can shed those costs across millions of units that are moved. Small businesses are fully exposed and have one choice: pass them on to their customers. And, when they pass those costs onto their customers, people make choices and vote with their feet when households are already struggling so much about how they're going to keep their head above the rising inflationary water of the Albanese government. So they have a cost-of-business inflation crisis, but then they have the cost of inflation on taxation arrangements.</para>
<para>Deputy Speaker Chesters, coming from the great state of Victoria, you would know that, increasingly, state governments tie their tax rates to inflation and to CPI. So, when inflation goes up, tax rates go up, and who do Labor state governments make sure they target more than anybody? It is always small businesses who are trying to get ahead and employ the future generation of Australians. So inflation is going up, interest rates are going up, and the cost of taxation inflation is going up, and that's before we've even got to the problems of industrial relations inflation.</para>
<para>Many of the different pieces of legislation in the last term of parliament are still washing through our industrial relations and employment landscape. When those costs get passed through, it means higher costs for small business, who are being crushed by the consequences of the Albanese government, and they haven't stopped. They've passed legislation for multi-employer bargaining, and now that is slowly trickling its way through our employment and industrial relations landscape.</para>
<para>We have unions deliberately going out and finding ways to leverage costs and to make it more expensive to hire tradies and contract workers, and where does that land? It increases the costs of things like housing and construction. That hits small businesses and first home buyers, and it means the costs are flowing through to every single Australian. So we have inflation costs, interest rate costs, industrial relations inflation and tax inflation all going up because this Labor government has lost control of the books. This Labor government continues to borrow from tomorrow with debt spending to fuel inflation today, to cover their employment and private sector investment crisis.</para>
<para>There has to be a point where this government understands the damage it has done. But you won't see it from the Minister for Small Business, who has overseen the highest number of small business insolvencies in Australian history, on record. Their response in this House last week was to say:</para>
<quote><para class="block">Maybe they were dodgy.</para></quote>
<para>This is the problem. After we gave that speech and a number of members constantly repeated it, she got up in this chamber and claimed, or started to claim anyway, that that was not what was said. She claimed she was verballed. Well, there's just one problem—and I can't table this document, because it's already a public one—which is the <inline font-style="italic">Hansard</inline> caught her interjection and exposed that she had said what she had said.</para>
<para>Even more than that, she then tried to mislead the House to cover her tracks. She knows her shameful record. She knows the shameful record of the Albanese government—we all do—but the problem is small businesses in Australia are living it, and more importantly the insolvent small businesses are living it right now. People have lost their futures, lost their jobs, lost their livelihoods and are increasingly finding it challenging to get back up on their feet and start again.</para>
<para>This is the legacy of this Labor government. They have no empathy and no concern or consideration for the small businesses that want to get ahead. This Labor government has absolute contempt for those people who stand up and back themselves to get ahead, and they do so for one simple reason: they can't control them. The modern Labor Party has one objective: maintain control over the lives of Australians. One of the things they don't like about small businesses is they're fierce, they're independent, they stand on their own two feet, they back themselves, they don't look for handouts, they make sure that they fight for their own futures, and they take agency and control of their own destiny. Nothing terrifies the modern Labor Party more than Australians standing on their own two feet and not simply being dependent on the government when they can control them.</para>
<para>That's why we on this side of the House stand up so clearly for small business. That's why every single member here understands that backing small business is not just backing people who are standing up to be able to get ahead; it's backing communities. It's backing the people on the front lines who support our local sporting groups and charitable organisations. When they go under, our social fabric is torn in the process. You should understand this, Deputy Speaker Chesters, coming from a regional electorate. Small business is on the front line, and that's why we have to back them every step of the way. I can sure as hell say that is not what we're getting from the Albanese government.</para>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">The DEPUTY SPEAKER</name>
    <name.id>249710</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>Is the motion seconded?</para>
</interjection>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>15:46</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr KENNEDY</name>
    <name.id>267506</name.id>
    <electorate>Cook</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I second the motion. At the end of last year, I held a small business forum in Caringbah. I met dozens of small-business owners struggling to make ends meet. There are now vacant shops there. Behind each shop is a family and a person who has lost it all. This morning in Canberra, I spoke to a gentleman from there who has lost his house in one of these insolvent businesses. We hear this number of these thousands of businesses. I spoke to one of those people today, and that is the face of Jim Chalmers's economic failure.</para>
<para>These small businesses employ 70 per cent of Australia. Seventy per cent of Australia is in small and medium enterprises. They make up almost 98 per cent of all businesses, and they are on their knees. There are around 2.6 million of them operating in Australia, and most of them are micro, with zero to four employees. They've got families that surround them, and they are falling over, with 14,722 collapsing—a 33 per cent increase—in the prior year. Their mortgages are going up, and their loans are going up.</para>
<para>Today in question time we heard Treasurer Chalmers be a little bit tricky. Yes, it comes quite naturally to him. We asked him about government spending time and time again. Listen closely to how he answered. He came back and spoke about public demand. He talked about public demand coming off, and that was quite deliberate, because government spending is more than public demand; it shows up in private demand. Public demand does not include energy rebates. It does not include Centrelink. It does not include pensions. He likes to talk about public demand because it obscures the fact that government spending is at a 40-year high, at 27 per cent of GDP. It has never, ever been a higher share of the economy than this year. The only year it might be at risk of being higher than this year is next year.</para>
<para>So what does the Treasurer do? Instead of admitting that, he goes into clever little tricky weasel words and talks about private demand and public demand. He says public demand is coming off. Well, that ignores the electricity rebates. It ignores Centrelink transfers. It ignores all these other transfers where payments are at an all-time high. So, Treasurer, why are you misleading the Australian people? Why are you putting these small businesses under pressure? You're putting mortgages out of reach for Australian people, rents out of reach for Australian people and small businesses under pressure.</para>
<para>These small-business owners were recently surveyed, and it showed a large proportion of them are dealing with lower profits—64 per cent. That is, almost two-thirds of small business have their profits down year on year. Two-thirds—that is amazing. Sixty per cent of these businesses are not paying themselves and not declaring dividends, and 72 per cent said rising costs were their biggest obstacle to growth. These small businesses aren't just numbers; they play essential roles in our community. The record closure rates—these rising insolvencies—are not a normal part of the cycle; they're a symptom of mounting cost pressures. In the developed world, Australia has had the shortest cycle of easing to now hiking rates. It's the shortest cycle ever on record for the Reserve Bank of Australia, underpinned by record government spending. The housing crisis is getting worse. The small-business collapse is getting worse.</para>
<para>For the Minister for Small Business to insinuate they are dodgy, in this environment—why isn't the Minister for Small Business here? She should come back into the House, withdraw those shameful comments and apologise not just to the House but to all these hardworking small-business owners in the seat of Cook and right across Australia. If the Minister for Small Business won't do it, the Prime Minister should come and do it. It is 64 per cent of these people with their profits down year on year, 60 per cent not paying themselves, 60 per cent explaining to their family why they are poorer, why they may risk and lose their house—if a minister can smear tens of thousands of Australians and refuse to correct the record, what does that say about standards in this House?</para>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>15:51</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Dr CHARLTON</name>
    <name.id>I8M</name.id>
    <electorate>Parramatta</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I move:</para>
<quote><para class="block">That the debate be adjourned.</para></quote>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">The SPEAKER</name>
    <name.id>53517</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>The question is that the debate be adjourned.</para>
<para> </para>
</interjection>
</speech>
<division>
          <division.header>
            <body>
              <p class="HPS-DivisionPreamble">The House divided. [15:55]<br />(The Speaker—Hon. Milton Dick) </p>
            </body>
          </division.header>
          <division.data>
            <ayes>
              <num.votes>89</num.votes>
              <title>AYES</title>
              <names>
                <name>Abdo, B. J.</name>
                <name>Albanese, A. N.</name>
                <name>Aly, A.</name>
                <name>Ambihaipahar, A.</name>
                <name>Belyea, J. A.</name>
                <name>Berry, C. G.</name>
                <name>Bowen, C. E.</name>
                <name>Briskey, J. L.</name>
                <name>Burke, A. S.</name>
                <name>Burnell, M. P.</name>
                <name>Butler, M. C.</name>
                <name>Byrnes, A. J.</name>
                <name>Campbell, J. P.</name>
                <name>Chalmers, J. E.</name>
                <name>Charlton, A. H. G.</name>
                <name>Chesters, L. M.</name>
                <name>Clare, J. D.</name>
                <name>Claydon, S. C.</name>
                <name>Clutterham, C. L.</name>
                <name>Coffey, R. K.</name>
                <name>Coker, E. A.</name>
                <name>Collins, J. M.</name>
                <name>Comer, E. L.</name>
                <name>Conroy, P. M.</name>
                <name>Cook, K. M. G.</name>
                <name>Cook, P. A.</name>
                <name>Doyle, M. J. J.</name>
                <name>Dreyfus, M. A.</name>
                <name>Elliot, M. J.</name>
                <name>Fernando, C. J.</name>
                <name>France, A. A.</name>
                <name>Freelander, M. R.</name>
                <name>French, T. A.</name>
                <name>Garland, C. M. L.</name>
                <name>Georganas, S.</name>
                <name>Giles, A. J.</name>
                <name>Gorman, P. P.</name>
                <name>Gosling, L. J.</name>
                <name>Gregg, M. J.</name>
                <name>Hill, J. C.</name>
                <name>Holzberger, R. A. V.</name>
                <name>Husic, E. N.</name>
                <name>Jarrett, M. L.</name>
                <name>Jordan-Baird, M. A. M.</name>
                <name>Kearney, G. M.</name>
                <name>Keogh, M. J.</name>
                <name>Khalil, P.</name>
                <name>King, C. F.</name>
                <name>King, M. M. H.</name>
                <name>Lawrence, T. N.</name>
                <name>Laxale, J. A. A.</name>
                <name>Leigh, A. K.</name>
                <name>Lim, S. B. C.</name>
                <name>Marles, R. D.</name>
                <name>Mascarenhas, Z. F. A.</name>
                <name>McBain, K. L.</name>
                <name>McBride, E. M.</name>
                <name>Miller-Frost, L. J.</name>
                <name>Mitchell, R. G.</name>
                <name>Moncrieff, D. S.</name>
                <name>Mulino, D.</name>
                <name>Ng, G. J.</name>
                <name>O'Neil, C. E.</name>
                <name>Phillips, F. E.</name>
                <name>Plibersek, T. J.</name>
                <name>Rae, S. T.</name>
                <name>Repacholi, D. P.</name>
                <name>Rishworth, A. L.</name>
                <name>Roberts, T. G.</name>
                <name>Rowland, M. A.</name>
                <name>Ryan, J. C.</name>
                <name>Scrymgour, M. R.</name>
                <name>Sitou, S.</name>
                <name>Smith, D. P. B. (Teller)</name>
                <name>Smith, M. J. H.</name>
                <name>Soon, X.</name>
                <name>Stanley, A. M. (Teller)</name>
                <name>Swanson, M. J.</name>
                <name>Teesdale, J. A.</name>
                <name>Templeman, S. R.</name>
                <name>Thistlethwaite, M. J.</name>
                <name>Thwaites, K. L.</name>
                <name>Urquhart, A. E.</name>
                <name>Watts, T. G.</name>
                <name>Wells, A. S.</name>
                <name>White, R. P.</name>
                <name>Wilson, J. H.</name>
                <name>Witty, S. J.</name>
                <name>Zappia, A.</name>
              </names>
            </ayes>
            <noes>
              <num.votes>42</num.votes>
              <title>NOES</title>
              <names>
                <name>Aldred, M. R.</name>
                <name>Batt, D. J.</name>
                <name>Bell, A. M.</name>
                <name>Birrell, S. J.</name>
                <name>Boele, N.</name>
                <name>Boyce, C. E.</name>
                <name>Buchholz, S.</name>
                <name>Caldwell, C. M.</name>
                <name>Chaffey, J. L.</name>
                <name>Chester, D. J.</name>
                <name>Conaghan, P. J.</name>
                <name>Hamilton, G. R.</name>
                <name>Hastie, A. W.</name>
                <name>Hawke, A. G.</name>
                <name>Hogan, K. J.</name>
                <name>Kennedy, S. P.</name>
                <name>Landry, M. L. (Teller)</name>
                <name>Le, D. T.</name>
                <name>Leeser, J.</name>
                <name>McCormack, M. F.</name>
                <name>McIntosh, M. I.</name>
                <name>McKenzie, Z. A.</name>
                <name>Penfold, A. L.</name>
                <name>Pike, H. J. (Teller)</name>
                <name>Price, M. L.</name>
                <name>Rebello, L. S.</name>
                <name>Ryan, M. M.</name>
                <name>Scamps, S. A.</name>
                <name>Small, B. J.</name>
                <name>Spender, A. M.</name>
                <name>Steggall, Z.</name>
                <name>Taylor, A. J.</name>
                <name>Thompson, P.</name>
                <name>Venning, T. H.</name>
                <name>Violi, A. A.</name>
                <name>Wallace, A. B.</name>
                <name>Webster, A. E.</name>
                <name>Willcox, A. J.</name>
                <name>Wilson, R. J.</name>
                <name>Wilson, T. R.</name>
                <name>Wood, J. P.</name>
                <name>Young, T. J.</name>
              </names>
            </noes>
            <pairs>
              <num.votes>0</num.votes>
              <title>PAIRS</title>
              <names />
            </pairs>
          </division.data>
          <division.result>
            <body>
              <p class="HPS-DivisionFooter">Question agreed to. </p>
            </body>
          </division.result>
        </division></subdebate.1></debate>
    <debate><debateinfo>
        <title>QUESTIONS WITHOUT NOTICE: ADDITIONAL ANSWERS</title>
        <page.no>181</page.no>
        <type>QUESTIONS WITHOUT NOTICE: ADDITIONAL ANSWERS</type>
      </debateinfo><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Trade</title>
          <page.no>181</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>15:59</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms COLLINS</name>
    <name.id>HWM</name.id>
    <electorate>Franklin</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I want to correct an answer. I said that we had $80 billion in trade impediments. It's $20 billion, which we inherited from those opposite.</para>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">The SPEAKER</name>
    <name.id>53517</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>I thank the minister.</para>
</interjection>
</speech>
</subdebate.1></debate>
    <debate><debateinfo>
        <title>BILLS</title>
        <page.no>181</page.no>
        <type>BILLS</type>
      </debateinfo><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Universities Accord (Australian Tertiary Education Commission) Bill 2025, Universities Accord (Australian Tertiary Education Commission) (Consequential and Transitional Provisions) Bill 2025</title>
          <page.no>181</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><subdebate.text>
          <body background="" style="" xmlns:w="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/wordprocessingml/2006/main" xmlns:a="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/drawingml/2006/main" xmlns:o="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" xmlns:v="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:vml" xmlns:wx="http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/word/2003/auxHint" xmlns:aml="http://schemas.microsoft.com/aml/2001/core" xmlns:pic="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/drawingml/2006/picture" xmlns:w10="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:word" xmlns:wp="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/drawingml/2006/wordprocessingDrawing" xmlns:r="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/officeDocument/2006/relationships">
            <p>
              <a href="r7407" type="Bill">
                <p class="HPS-SubDebate" style="direction:ltr;unicode-bidi:normal;">
                  <span class="HPS-SubDebate">Universities Accord (Australian Tertiary Education Commission) Bill 2025</span>
                </p>
              </a>
            </p>
            <a href="r7408" type="Bill">
              <p class="HPS-SubDebate" style="direction:ltr;unicode-bidi:normal;">
                <span class="HPS-SubDebate">Universities Accord (Australian Tertiary Education Commission) (Consequential and Transitional Provisions) Bill 2025</span>
              </p>
            </a>
          </body>
        </subdebate.text><subdebate.2><subdebateinfo>
            <title>Second Reading</title>
            <page.no>181</page.no>
          </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>16:00</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms COMER</name>
    <name.id>316551</name.id>
    <electorate>Petrie</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>It is about people at every stage of life having access to learning opportunities that allow them to upskill, retrain or adapt as our economy changes. The accord confronts hard truths about inequity in our system. It shows that talent is spread evenly across the country but opportunity is not. It challenges us to build a system that genuinely opens doors for students from low socioeconomic backgrounds, First Nations students, people in regional and outer suburban communities, and those who have traditionally been left behind.</para>
<para>Importantly, the accord does not stop at diagnosis. It provides practical evidence based pathways forward. It sets clear targets, outlines achievable reforms and emphasises the need for long-term stewardship, coordination and accountability. This is why the Universities Accord has been so transformative. It has given Australia a shared understanding of the challenge ahead and a credible plan to meet it.</para>
<para>The bills before the House today are a direct response to that work, turning vision into action and ensuring the reform agenda does not end with a report but is embedded in the way our tertiary education system is governed and strengthened for the future. Together, these bills represent one of the most significant reforms to Australia's higher education system in a generation. They respond directly to the findings of the Australian Universities Accord, and they lay the foundations for a tertiary education system that is fairer, more coordinated, more future focused and better equipped to meet the skills and workforce needs of our nation.</para>
<para>At their core, these bills establish the ATEC, the Australian Tertiary Education Commission, as an independent statutory body and a steward of Australia's higher education system. This reform matters, because for too long our tertiary system has lacked a dedicated steward with the responsibility and authority to take a whole-of-system view—a view that looks beyond funding cycles and election terms and a view that is focused on long-term skills needs, equity, quality and national priorities.</para>
<para>The <inline font-style="italic">Australian Universities Accord</inline><inline font-style="italic">:</inline><inline font-style="italic"> final report</inline> released in February 2024 made it clear that the absence such of a steward was a critical gap. Without it, the system has struggled to plan effectively for future demand, respond coherently to skill shortages and deliver equitable outcomes for students from all backgrounds. The accord gives us a blueprint for reform over the next decade and beyond. It tells us something we already know but can no longer afford to ignore: in the years ahead, more jobs will require more skills. Over the coming decades, around 80 per cent of jobs will require a post-school qualification, whether it is a certificate, a diploma or a degree. That means more people studying at TAFE and more people studying at university. It means that we must act now to ensure our tertiary education system has the capacity, the capability and the coordination required to meet Australia's future needs.</para>
<para>The Albanese Labor government has already acted decisively on this agenda. We have implemented 31 of the accord's 47 recommendations in full or in part. These reforms are already making a difference. We have doubled the number of university study hubs, by establishing 20 new regional university study hubs and 14 new suburban university study hubs, bringing higher education closer to the people who might otherwise miss out. We have increased the number of free university bridging courses to help students gain the confidence and preparation they need to succeed. We've introduced paid prac for the first time for students in teaching, nursing, midwifery and social work, recognising that unpaid placements create real financial barriers. This will change lives.</para>
<para>We have required higher education providers to allocate a minimum of 40 per cent of the student services and amenities fee to student led organisations to enhance the experience of students while studying. We have made demand driven Commonwealth supported places available to all First Nations students who meet the entry requirements. We've introduced the National Student Ombudsman and the National Higher Education Code to Prevent and Respond to Gender-based Violence. And we have made HECS better and fairer by cutting 20 per cent off HECS debts as of 1 June 2025, capping indexation to the lower of CPI and WPI, moving to a marginal repayment system and lifting the minimum repayment threshold, meaning more money in the pockets of millions of Australians.</para>
<para>Establishing the ATEC is another cornerstone of this reform agenda. The ATEC Bill establishes the commission as an independent statutory authority with clear objects and functions. It is designed to provide stewardship to the higher education system and to strengthen the system so that it can deliver high-quality teaching and learning, as well as internationally competitive research and research training. This bill sets out the objects of the ATEC clearly. These include ensuring the higher education system has the capacity and capability to meet Australia's current and future student, skills and workforce demand. It includes increasing equitable access to, participation in and success within the higher education system for all students. It includes promoting coordination and collaboration between the Commonwealth, state and territory governments, higher education providers, industry, employers, unions and the public. It includes recognising the central role of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples in the higher education system and improving access, participation and outcomes for First Nations students. And it includes improving coordination and collaboration between higher education and the vocational education and training system.</para>
<para>The bill also enshrines the national tertiary education objective. This objective provides a unified whole-of-system vision for tertiary education, complementing existing objectives for higher education and VET. The ATEC will be required to have regard to this objective in the performance of its functions, ensuring coherence and alignment across the system. The ATEC will be led by three independent commissioners, including a chief commissioner and a First Nations commissioner. Commissioners will be appointed by the Minister for Education for terms of up to five years. Collectively, the commissioners will bring a balanced expertise across higher education, vocational education and training, tertiary governance, stakeholder engagement and regional Australia. Importantly, at least one commissioner must have substantial experience in VET, reinforcing the commitment to a genuinely partnered tertiary system.</para>
<para>Formal independence is a foundational element of the ATEC's design. The minister will not be able to direct the ATEC on the content of its advice or require it to make a particular decision about a provider. This independence ensures that the ATEC's work is transparent, evidence based and free from undue influence. The ATEC will have a broad range of advisory and decision-making functions. It will negotiate mission based compacts with individual universities. These compacts will set out the role each institution plays within the system, including the number of domestic and international students they teach. Mission based compacts will give universities the flexibility to pursue their distinct missions while contributing to the diversity of the sector, delivering on national priorities and meeting the needs of the students and communities.</para>
<para>The ATEC will also be responsible for implementing a new funding system. This system will provide demand driven places for equity students at a systems level and needs based funding linked to the number of students from low-socioeconomic backgrounds, First Nations students and students studying at regional campuses. This is critical reform. It recognises that equity is not an add-on but the core responsibility of the system. It will help more students from underrepresented backgrounds access university, and it will support them to participate and succeed once they're there.</para>
<para>The ATEC will provide expert advice to government on a wide range of higher education matters. This includes advice on policy setting and strategic direction, the cost of teaching and learning, student demand, skills and workforce needs, and improving access and outcomes for pupils facing systemic barriers. It will also advise on how to bring higher education and VET closer together and how to achieve any tertiary attainment targets set by the government. While the ATEC will not have decision-making powers in relation to VET, it will play an important role in advising ministers on opportunities for better coordination and collaboration across the tertiary system.</para>
<para>Each year the ATEC will prepare and publish a state of the tertiary education system report. This report will provide comprehensive assessment for the health and performance of the system. It will identify emerging trends and challenges, track progress against participation and attainment targets, assess how well the system is meeting Australia's skill needs and evaluate whether barriers for underrepresented groups are being removed. This transparency and accountability is vital. It will ensure governments, providers and the public have access to clear, evidence based information about how the system is performing and where future reform is needed.</para>
<para>The ATEC will work closely with other agencies, including Jobs and Skills Australia, TEQSA, the Australian Research Council, the National Centre for Vocational Education Research and state and territory governments. This collaboration will ensure advice and decisions are informed by the best available evidence and aligned across portfolios. The interim ATEC commenced operations on 1 July 2025. They have been laying the foundations for the permanent commission, and this legislation builds directly on that work.</para>
<para>The second bill before the House makes the necessary amendments to the existing legislation to support the establishment of the ATEC. It amends the Tertiary Education Quality and Standards Agency Act 2011 and the Higher Education Support Act 2003. These amendments allow the ATEC to advise the minister on the higher education standards framework and facilitate a new mission based compact process.</para>
<para>Together, these bills respond directly to the challenges identified by the universities accord. They provide the governance, the coordination and the stewardship that the system has lacked; they support diversity and excellence across institutions; they place equity at the centre of system design; and they help ensure our tertiary education system is fit for the future. This is about building a system that serves students, supports educators, strengthens our workforce and underpins Australia's long-term prosperity.</para>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>16:11</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms SPENDER</name>
    <name.id>286042</name.id>
    <electorate>Wentworth</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I rise to speak on the Universities Accord (Australian Tertiary Education Commission) Bill 2025 and the Universities Accord (Australian Tertiary Education Commission) (Consequential and Transitional Provisions) Bill 2025. Many in this House will have wonderful memories from their time at university—a time of discovery, of independence and of learning not only about the world but also about ourselves. For many Australians, it is the first time they are away from home, the first time they encounter ideas that challenge them and the first time they start to imagine the contribution they might make to our country. That sense of possibility is what our higher education system should offer every Australian—the opportunity to learn, to grow and to build a future.</para>
<para>Higher education is vital to Australia's future. As our fourth-largest export, it is a driver of national prosperity today and the foundation for tomorrow. It underpins economic growth, social mobility and research capability, and it strengthens our democracy through critical thinking and civic participation. My community cares deeply about access to high-quality education and a system that is sustainable, future focused, fair and accessible to all. One in 13 Wentworth residents are currently enrolled in tertiary study, and around 70 per cent of our community hold a tertiary education—one of the highest rates in the country.</para>
<para>But we must ask ourselves whether the system is still delivering on the promise that higher education has long represented in Australia. For decades our tertiary system has opened doors. It has equipped generations of Australians with the skills to strengthen our economy, enrich our community and deepen our democracy. Yet for many young Australians today that promise feels increasingly fragile. Student debt is rising and opportunity can feel more distant. Around three million Australians carry student debt, with the average balance exceeding $27,000. In many disciplines, student contributions have risen sharply over time, leaving graduates with debts that can shape life choices for years, from where they live to whether they start a family or buy a home.</para>
<para>The student experience has also changed very significantly, particularly after COVID. I know that, having spoken to many students and families in my electorate, this is a real concern to students and their families—that the great experiences that many of us had in the 1990s and earlier in the 2000s are not being replicated by the current university system, and, particularly, that connection that so many of us got from our colleagues and classmates in universities is not being replicated in the current university sector.</para>
<para>These issues feed into, more broadly, issues in terms of productivity and social mobility. They go beyond just education. If we want a dynamic, innovative and cohesive society, we must ensure that learning and opportunity remains within reach, remains relevant and remains engaging for our young people. The universities accord was frank in its diagnosis. It found that tertiary policy had lacked clarity and long-term stewardship. I agree wholeheartedly.</para>
<para>Australia needs a more coherent and innovative tertiary system—one that allows students to move easily between vocational education and university and to have prior learning recognised, one that builds strong partnerships with industry to translate research into real-world outcomes, and one that partners very strongly with business and employers to make sure not just that our students are learning the foundation skills to enable them to think critically but also that they are equipped, when they join the workforce, with some practical skills and the skills that the business community and the wider community are saying are in demand. We want a system that harnesses emerging technologies to deliver excellence in teaching and learning, one that innovates to be the best in the world and one that supports Australians to upskill and reskill throughout their lives and recognises that a three-year degree is no longer a set-and-forget approach to education but that this is an ongoing dialogue. Finally, we want a system that delivers a rewarding and enriching experience for students, because students still need to be at the heart of our universities and in many cases students do not feel that, and the evidence bears this out.</para>
<para>Establishing an Australian Tertiary Education Commission is an important step towards that coherence and towards accountability. A national steward able to take a long-term view of the system can help ensure that policy is guided by evidence rather than by short-term pressures. But, for that promise to be realised, the design of the commission matters. If we do establish this commission, this has to lead to change. It has to lead to long-term, evidence based change. I do have some really significant concerns that the current design of the commission means that the ability to achieve the changes that Australians want is compromised.</para>
<para>Firstly, as to independence, the accord envisaged a body capable of providing robust, evidence based advice, yet, under this bill, the commission can generally only provide advice or publish reports when asked by the minister. It must also take into account ministerial priorities in performing its functions. If the commission is to identify emerging risks, warn when funding settings are failing and think deeply about the future of tertiary education, it really should have the ability and capacity to initiate work within its remit and publish its findings independently.</para>
<para>Secondly, as to resourcing, on paper the commission is independent, but in practice its staff will largely be drawn from the Department of Education. The danger is that, instead of building new capability, we risk rebadging existing resources and adding administration without actually adding capacity.</para>
<para>Finally, as to remit, the accord was highly critical of the Job-ready Graduates package and called for a more coherent and equitable student contribution system. Many expected ATEC to play a central role in that reform. If the commission is to provide meaningful advice on sustainability and fairness in higher education funding, it's got to go beyond just looking at the government funding for higher education and also consider the full picture, which includes the impact of student contributions and debt on access and opportunity. These are not simply minor design questions. They go to the heart of whether the commission can do the job it is being asked to do, which I do believe is important.</para>
<para>At the same time, the sector has waited a long time for clearer stewardship, and many accord reforms depend on having a body like this in place. I support the accord, and I support the principle of an ATEC. However, I support the amendments put forward by Kate Chaney, Monique Ryan and Julian Leeser. They strengthen this bill. They deal with many of the design flaws that I have highlighted in my speech. I think the government should look carefully at these amendments, and I think this is an example of where strengthening our democracy is strengthened by broadening participation in the contest of ideas. This bill could be strengthened. I believe this bill should be strengthened, because we do need a university system that opens doors, not closes them, and a system that fuels ambitions, not burden. We do need a system that ensures every Australian, regardless of background, can experience the transformative period of discovery, independence and learning that so many of us in the House remember so well. But we have a lot of work to do here, and we need this commission, if established, to be as strong and robust as possible. There is more work to be done on this bill.</para>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>16:19</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms COKER</name>
    <name.id>263547</name.id>
    <electorate>Corangamite</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>Australia's future prosperity will be built on education, skills and opportunity. The Albanese government know this, and it's why we are working to rebuild confidence in the tertiary system after a decade of Liberal neglect, strengthening pathways into learning. The bill before the House today, the Universities Accord (Australian Tertiary Education Commission) Bill 2025, is the latest step in this work.</para>
<para>This is a bill to establish the Australian Tertiary Education Commission, the ATEC. The ATEC will focus on making sure universities do their part to deliver on the government's commitment to lift tertiary education attainment to 80 per cent of working-age people by 2050 and raise equity and participation. It will make sure there are enough places at universities to enable more people to access the opportunities that higher education can deliver, particularly in regional areas like mine in Corangamite. This is a central recommendation of the Australian Universities Accord.</para>
<para>Three years ago, the Minister for Education appointed six eminent Australians to develop a long-term blueprint for reforming higher education. Professor Mary O'Kane chaired that work, a former chief scientist and engineer of New South Wales and a former vice-chancellor of the University of Adelaide. Professor Barney Glover, now Commissioner of Jobs and Skills Australia, brought his experience as Vice-Chancellor and President of Western Sydney University. Distinguished Professor Larissa Behrendt contributed her deep expertise in Indigenous education and research through the Jumbunna institute at the University of Technology Sydney. The Hon. Fiona Nash provided insight as the Australian regional education commissioner and a former minister for regional development and regional communications. The Hon. Jenny Macklin brought decades of experience in social policy and disability reform as a former federal cabinet minister. Ms Shemara Wikramanayake contributed a strong understanding of industry, investment and research commercialisation as Chief Executive Officer of Macquarie Group and a former member of the university research commercialisation expert panel.</para>
<para>They were asked to examine seven priority areas: Australia's current and future knowledge and skills needs; access and opportunity; investment and affordability; governance, accountability and community connection; links between vocational education and higher education; the quality and sustainability of providers; and the role of new knowledge, innovation and research in building national capacity. The final report was released last year, and its message was clear: more jobs will require high levels of skills. Right now, data shows 60 per cent of Australians working today hold a certificate, diploma or degree, but by 2050 the figure will need to rise to around 80 per cent. That's a substantial shift. It means more people at TAFE, more people at university and more Australians moving between the two over their working lives.</para>
<para>The accord also identified two major barriers standing in the way of that ambition. The first is the divide between vocational education and higher education, which too often makes pathways complicated and inflexible. The second is the invisible barrier that prevents too many young people from disadvantaged backgrounds, outer suburbs and regional communities from getting to university at all. Today, 69 per cent of young Australians from high-socioeconomic families hold a university degree, but only 19 per cent from very poor families do. That gap exists across vocational education as well: 87 per cent of young people from wealthy families hold a TAFE qualification or university degree while only 59 per cent from poorer families do. That means more than 40 per cent of Australians from disadvantaged backgrounds are missing out on the qualifications that will increasingly be required in the decades ahead. We must change this. In my electorate of Corangamite, I will work with Deakin University and the Gordon TAFE to help implement these reforms and ensure better outcomes for locals and for students at these two great educational institutions. The accord's recommendations will make a difference to people in my region.</para>
<para>It should be noted that our government has already acted on the accord's interim recommendations while implementing the final report. In last year's budget, we adopted 31 of the 47 recommendations in full or in part. We increased funding for bridging courses that help students prepare for university study. These courses act as a bridge between school and higher education, and they do make a difference for many students. Over the next decade, the government will invest an additional $1 billion so that tens of thousands of Australians can undertake them free of charge.</para>
<para>We introduced paid prac to support teachers, nurses and midwifery and social-work students while they complete compulsory placements. It is means tested and targeted at those who need help most. More than 67,000 students have applied. More than 80 per cent of those applications have been processed, and more than 80 per cent have been approved. We've expanded medical Commonwealth supported places to address doctor shortages. Over the past three years, more than 350 new commencing places have been announced. Eight new medical schools are being established. When fully rolled out, this will support around 1,790 additional medical students each year.</para>
<para>We abolished the unfair 50 per cent pass rule that disproportionately affected Indigenous students, students from low-income families and those from regional communities. We reformed student services and amenities fees so at least 40 per cent is directed to student led organisations. We introduced a demand driven system for Indigenous students nationwide so that wherever they live, if they achieve the marks, they get the place. That change is already delivering results. Indigenous commencements rose by five per cent last year and by a further three per cent this year. Over the next decade, that number is expected to double.</para>
<para>We're also working with state governments to deliver full funding for public schools—something I'm so passionate about, as a teacher who has worked in public schools—because a successful tertiary education is built on successful primary and secondary education. We established a National Student Ombudsman and legislated a national code to prevent and respond to gender based violence. We created an expert council on university governance and are strengthening transparency around remuneration, council decisions, consultants and conflicts of interest.</para>
<para>We've taken decisive action on student debt. Indexation was capped at the lower of the CPI and the WPI, wiping $3 billion from balances. A further $16 billion is being removed through a 20 per cent reduction for borrowers. That is the largest student debt cut in Australia's history. We promised it, Australians voted for it, and it is being delivered. We reformed repayments so graduates only repay on income above the threshold rather than on their full wage. For someone earning $70,000 a year, that means around $1,300 less in repayments annually. This is real cost-of-living relief. It is also another recommendation of the accord.</para>
<para>If Australia is to reach the 80 per cent participation target, more university places are required. That expansion begins next year: 9,500 additional commencing places will be allocated this year—in 2026—16,000 more will follow in 2027, another 16,000 in 2028, another 16,000 in 2029, and 19,000 more in 2030. Over the next decade, that equates to around 200,000 additional commencing places. It will lift the number of domestic students in Australian universities by around 27 per cent.</para>
<para>Those places must be properly funded, and that is where the Australian Tertiary Education Commission comes in. Over the next 12 months, two major funding reforms will be legislated. The first is demand driven equity. Universities will no longer face caps for students from disadvantaged backgrounds. If a student meets entry requirements, they will be able to enrol. The second is needs based funding. Extra resources will flow to support students from low-income families, from regional areas and from underrepresented groups. The money will follow the student. The most disadvantaged students a university educates, the more support it will receive.</para>
<para>These reforms commence in January. It will be the ATEC's role to steer and embed them. This bill establishes that body. It recognises that reform on this scale requires stewardship beyond a single minister or electoral cycle. The ATEC will be independent. It will report to ministers through a statement of expectations. It will publish work plans and research, and it will advise government. It will be reviewed after two years and, again, at five years, with those reviews tabled in parliament. Those reviews will be essential to refine the ATEC with input from universities and other stakeholders.</para>
<para>The ATEC will be led by three commissioners, including a full-time chief commissioner and a full-time First Nations commissioner. The commission will negotiate mission based compacts with universities. It will assume responsibility for standards advice. It will publish an annual state of the tertiary education system report, and it will help ensure vocational and higher education systems work together as one coherent system.</para>
<para>This bill continues a long and proud tradition of reform, which began with the Curtin government and was strengthened under the Menzies government. Both sides of politics recognised then, as we do now, that education is nation-building. This legislation builds new foundations for the decades ahead. It expands opportunity, it strengthens skills, and it ensures the system—importantly—remains fair, accessible and sustainable. For these reasons, I commend the bill to the House.</para>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>16:31</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr TEHAN</name>
    <name.id>210911</name.id>
    <electorate>Wannon</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>Can you believe this government? They just try to find every possible way they can to outsource decision-making to bureaucracy, to regulators or to anyone but themselves because they don't like taking responsibility for making decisions, especially for making hard decisions. That's why they want to set up this body, the Australian Tertiary Education Commission.</para>
<para>Why can't the minister do the role that the Australian Tertiary Education Commission will do? Why can't the minister make the decisions that are needed to make sure that our public university system continues to deliver for Australians? It's because he doesn't want to. He wants to hide behind three faceless regulators. In the end he'll be facing a real dilemma. He knows that, because you've wasted so much money, there's no money that he can get for the system. So he's saying to these people, 'Okay, you're going to have to find me money so I can pursue priorities.'</para>
<para>What does that mean? Well, it means he's faced with some very, very difficult choices because we changed the higher education funding system in 2021. It was funny because the Minister for Education was out today in question time saying we need to do more when it comes to nurses, to teachers, to engineers and to scientists, and he said that what we need to be doing is making sure we're getting more of those graduates. Well, what did we do under the Job-ready Graduates Package? We cut the cost of degrees in all those areas where we need people to be job ready and go into the workforce—nursing, teaching, science, IT and engineering. We cut the cost of their degrees. Now this has presented a real dilemma for those of you on the government side because you don't know what to do about it now, do you? So what you're going to do is outsource it to three bureaucrats and hope that they can come up with a solution because the minister will not take responsibility for owning up and making the hard decisions that he needs to make.</para>
<para>Not only did we do that but we increased funding for the sector by more than $2 billion. You don't hear that said much by those opposite, but, from 2020 to 2021, funding for universities went over $20 billion. That was an increase of over $2 billion. You do not hear anything from that side about that. You do not hear about the record investment we made into research. The amount of money we put into research had never, ever been done in Australian history. You hear nothing from those on that side about that. We also increased the number of places available for Australian students. Thirty thousand new places were made available. Importantly—and this was real reform, which, once again, you never hear mentioned by those opposite—50,000 short course places were funded, so we started to change the nature of higher education. People could look at doing short courses so they could upskill in a very quick way and didn't have to spend a fortune when they were at university.</para>
<para>These are all the reforms that we did when we were in government. They weren't easy, and those opposite opposed them the whole way, but this was real reform which the government was prepared to take responsibility for. Yet what have we seen from those opposite? 'Oh, we don't want to be involved in real reform. We don't want to take the hard decisions, so we're going to get three regulators to do it.' In a sector which comes and says all the time, 'We're overregulated,' you're going to put more regulators in place. How does that make sense at all?</para>
<para>It's going to cost $54 million. Think of what that $54 million could do. Just think, for instance, of what $54 million could deliver for communities like those in Cook or Wannon, whether it be for sporting infrastructure, higher education infrastructure, looking after aged care or looking after our schools. This money, $54 million, could be used to deliver real outcomes on the ground, not to set up another commission.</para>
<para>What else did we do through those higher ed reforms? We set up the tertiary access payment, which meant that there were payments to enable low-socioeconomic people to go to university. What has happened to that tertiary access payment scheme? They cut it. Now the minister's putting in place a similar scheme, but he cut the scheme that was already there and was already working, the tertiary access payment scheme—real reform that we put in place so low-socioeconomic people could access higher education and, in particular, access those cheaper degrees in the areas where we actually need skills and we need people and we need to encourage demand. That's what those tertiary access payments were all about, and they were cut by those opposite.</para>
<para>What we now need to see is the minister actually doing something. He's great at coming up here to the dispatch box, and we all find him slightly amusing with his iterations. He tells his fireside chat stories, and we find it quite amusing, but we all sit there and say: 'When is he actually going to make a decision? When is he actually going to do something? When is he going to continue proper reform of the higher education system because the world is moving and the nature of higher education is moving?' We need more short courses. We need to make sure that, in areas like AI, we're enabling people to skill up quickly to take advantage of it and develop their career paths in these areas.</para>
<para>How long have they been in government now? Over four years, or nearly four years. And what have we got? We're now trying to set up a commission to do this, so for four years very little has happened, and it's about time the minister said: 'I don't need more regulators and bureaucrats doing things. I'm going to take responsibility and continue to drive our higher education system so we have the best higher education system in the world.' That's what we should be aiming for: putting money into research; making sure that our teaching standards are impeccable; and young Australians knowing, when they get a degree, that it's value for money, they're going to walk out and they're going to be wanted by employers so that they have a job. But we're not getting that.</para>
<para>I will say this to the minister: if you want to get an idea of what good government policy leads to and what outcomes you can get from good government policy, come down to my electorate. I had the pleasure, a couple of weeks ago, of taking the shadow health minister, Anne Ruston, to visit a couple of the universities in my electorate, and what I was able to show her is what good policy leads to. The first place I took her was the Deakin University School of Medicine. There, they have the most wonderful facilities for teaching postgrad medicine and for teaching nursing. When we were in government, we understood that, if we were to address the shortfalls of doctors and nurses in regional and rural areas, then we had to educate the students in regional and rural areas, and that's exactly what Deakin is doing in Warrnambool.</para>
<para>I say to all those on that side: do yourselves a favour. Come down to Warrnambool and have a look. Iain Martin, the vice-chancellor, would be happy to take you around and show you these outstanding facilities. They've done a brilliant job. If we can make sure that it continues to get funded, then we will be able to ensure that, right through western Victoria and into the south-east and South Australia, we'll have the medical workforce that we need. At the moment, we don't, so we've got to keep making sure that we're funding the Warrnambool Deakin campus to provide the doctors and the nurses that we need.</para>
<para>The second thing I was able to do was take the shadow minister to Willaura, where there is a wonderful aged-care facility—but it needs investment. The state government—and it's one of the few things that I can say about the Victorian state Labor government that is at all positive—has put money into redeveloping the Willaura Aged Care facility, which works incredibly well with the Ararat hospital and with the Ballarat hospital. They work in conjunction with each other, and it enables them to make sure that patient flow works very well in that area. The Victorian state government have funded the Willaura Aged Care upgrade, but they've funded it 50 per cent. One of the things I'm hoping for, given that has happened, is that the Albanese Labor government will now match that 50 per cent. I'll be making representations to the Minister for Aged Care and Seniors and the Minister for Health and Ageing so that that can happen.</para>
<para>We also met with two wonderful individuals, who were nominated for Australian of the Year, who have set up One Red Tree. One Red Tree is about taking people who are studying psychiatry and psychology, especially at Federation University, and making sure that they've got placements right through western Victoria. It's outstanding work that One Red Tree are doing, and it's so outstanding now that, when we get a headspace for Ararat—and we need a headspace for Ararat. One of the things which is often put is that there is a shortage of making sure you've got the psychologists and psychiatrists to be able to offer the services that a headspace needs. Well, we have no issues when it comes to psychologists because of the work that One Red Tree has done.</para>
<para>I was very pleased to be able to show the shadow health minister the work that they've done, and I commend her because she has also made representations to headspace, as a result, about the need for Ararat to be able to get a headspace. It's something the community has been advocating incredibly strongly for. We've got important work that One Red Tree are doing in our schools to help with the mental health of young people in the area, but we need the follow-up to make sure that we can get headspace into Ararat and those services can go to the next level. So I say to the government—and I've made representations to the minister on behalf of the Ararat community—it's time that headspace was delivered to Ararat.</para>
<para>So if I could just conclude by saying that we do not need another bureaucracy in the higher education sector. We do not. The Australian Tertiary Education Commission is just an excuse for the minister, who does not want to make a hard decision and who loves being loved, but does not want to make any hard decisions. Well, Minister, that's what you're paid the big bucks for—to actually make the tough decisions, not to outsource them. Not only that but think about what that $54 million could go to if it doesn't get spent on setting up this bureaucracy.</para>
<para>As I've said, in the communities of Wannon—and I'm sure it's the same in the communities of Cook—there are real-life outcomes that could be changed with that $54 million, and I mentioned a few, but I'll mention the one in particular that I referred to. That money could fund a new headspace centre in Ararat. That is a community that needs those mental health resources and it needs them desperately, and the community has come together and articulated that. It wouldn't require all that $54 million. As a matter of fact, it would only require about three, and the community would put resources in as well.</para>
<para>So forget about your Australian Tertiary Education Commission. It is not needed. Spend that $54 million on something which will change lives in communities because that's what this nation needs at the moment. The money that is being wasted by this government—which is driving up inflation, driving up interest rates and leaving communities desperate for services—has to stop. It's about time you got your priorities right.</para>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>16:46</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms THWAITES</name>
    <name.id>282212</name.id>
    <electorate>Jagajaga</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>This debate goes to the very heart of what kind of country we want to be. It's not just a conversation about universities, about commissions or, indeed, about funding models. It is a conversation about opportunity, about fairness and about the future of young people in our communities. For generations, education has been an important driver of social mobility in Australia. It is how children from families across the country become doctors, teachers, engineers, scientists, nurses, social workers and leaders. It strengthens our community, it helps our economy grow, and it makes sure that we have people working in the industries that we need.</para>
<para>Despite its importance, our government is very aware that, for too many Australians, higher education does still feel out of reach. Cost-of-living pressures, rising rents, insecure work and student debt make university feel like a risk instead of the opportunity that it can be, and that is why these reforms matter. Because Labor understands that tertiary education is not a luxury. It is nation-building infrastructure. Labor understands that investing in skills today is how we secure prosperity tomorrow. Labor understands that education changes not just individual lives but whole communities.</para>
<para>The universities accord, which our government developed, is a blueprint for a stronger and fairer Australia, and these bills that we have before us—the Universities Accord (Australian Tertiary Education Commission) Bill 2025 and the Universities Accord (Australian Tertiary Education Commission) (Consequential and Transitional Provisions) Bill 2025—give that blueprint a permanent institutional foundation. They establish the Australian Tertiary Education Commission as a steward of our tertiary system—a body that will ensure our system is fair, coordinated, forward looking and focused on people—not just providers.</para>
<para>As I mentioned, our government commissioned the universities accord because we knew that the higher education system really is the bedrock of so much in our country, but it needed help. After a decade of those opposite—who really had no plan for higher education and who certainly had no plan for how students from lower socioeconomic backgrounds would access higher education—we knew that we needed a systemic look at how this system operated, so we commissioned and we released the final report of the Australian Universities Accord. We need to be very clear that this is not a short-term fix. It's not just political slogans. This is a long-term national plan for the next decade and, indeed, for the decade after that.</para>
<para>The accord we received tells us something stark and unavoidable, which is that the jobs of the future will require more skills. It tells us that, over the coming decades, about 80 per cent of jobs will require a certificate, diploma or degree. That means more Australians, not fewer, will need access to TAFE and to university. It means more people will need the chance to retrain, to reskill and upskill throughout their working lives, and it means, if we do nothing, skills shortages will grow, inequality will widen and economic growth will stall. These are things that I have conversations about over and over again with people in my electorate, with grandparents and parents who are looking at their children and thinking about what their future will be, who want to see that those young people do have the opportunities that a good education provided them and who want to know that the industries and jobs we need for the future will have the workers that should be there.</para>
<para>These are very important reforms, and that's why our government has not waited. We have implemented 31 of the 47 recommendations of the universities accord, in part or in full. We have already doubled the number of university study hubs, with 20 new regional hubs and 14 new suburban hubs. This brings higher education closer to students who cannot easily relocate or commute. We do have one established in the northern suburbs of Melbourne, in Epping, not far from my electorate. Again, the idea is that we are spreading the benefits of higher education, making it accessible to people who otherwise would not be able to reach these places to study. We've expanded free university bridging courses, opening the door for people who may not have had the chance to go straight from school to university.</para>
<para>We have introduced paid prac for the first time for teaching nursing, midwifery and social work students so that people are not having to choose between paying their rent and completing their degree. Again, I have heard from my community how important this reform has been for so many people, particularly women, who often are studying to be part of these caring professions and who, in fact, find themselves being economically disadvantaged by taking up a profession that all of us rely on. That has been a very important reform—to have paid prac. We've required higher education providers to direct at least 40 per cent of student services and amenities fees to student led organisations. We've made demand driven, Commonwealth supported places available to all First Nations students who meet entry requirements, and we've established the National Student Ombudsman and a national code to prevent and respond to gender based violence, ensuring campuses are safe and respectful environments.</para>
<para>We have also done a lot of work to make HECS better and fairer. Again, I know this has been felt in my community. We have cut 20 per cent off all student debts. We have capped indexation to the lower of CPI or WPI, lifted the minimum repayment threshold and moved to a marginal repayment system. On top of all of these recommendations, we've made free TAFE permanent, ensuring people in our communities can skill-up for the jobs of the future.</para>
<para>Locally, I've been really pleased to see this being accelerated by our $50 million investment to establish a TAFE centre of excellence for housing construction at Melbourne Polytechnic in Heidelberg West, supporting local jobs, addressing skills shortages and helping to deliver the homes our community needs.</para>
<para>I see and my community sees how these reforms are already playing out, already making a difference and already opening doors for students who once felt locked out of the opportunity of higher education, giving people the confidence to invest in themselves, helping us as a country to make sure that we have the workforce we need for the future and helping to make sure that we sustain what is so important in our country—that opportunity that comes with education. That opportunity should not be linked to how much the family you come from earns.</para>
<para>At the heart of the universities accord is the idea that Australia does need a national steward of tertiary education. We have had a fragmented system for too long. Our universities, our TAFEs and our regulators have operated in silos. For the world that I've described—a world where we will need more people with skills, where people will need to upskill throughout their working life—that sort of system no longer serves us well. Students have faced confusing pathways, inconsistent funding and uneven support, so the accord recommended the creation of the Australian Tertiary Education Commission to bring strategy, coordination and long-term planning to the system.</para>
<para>These bills establish ATEC as an independent statutory authority. To help deliver the future tertiary system Australia needs one that is equitable, joined up, responsive to skills needs and focused on student support. It will help us reach the 80 per cent attainment target by encouraging diversity, providing expert evidence based advice to governments, monitoring skills and equity targets and, as I said, helping to deliver a joined-up tertiary system that brings higher education and vocational education together.</para>
<para>This is a critical service that I think will improve our universities. Locally, I know for universities like Latrobe University in my community, with its strong focus on health education, regional outreach and first-in-family students, this will mean recognition of the vital community role it plays. For institutions like the University of Melbourne, with its global research leadership, it will mean support to continue driving innovation, medical breakthroughs and economic growth for the nation. This is not about forcing universities into a single mould, but it is about building a diverse, collaborative system that reflects our communities and our workforce needs now and into the future.</para>
<para>The ATEC will implement a new funding model that is fairer and more targeted. It will provide demand driven places for equity students at a system level and needs based funding based on the number of low-SES students, First Nations students and regional campus students. This is how we close participation gaps and how we lift completion rates. It is how we ensure that talent, not background, determines success. And, as I said, the ATEC will also provide advice to government on policy settings and strategic direction, making sure that we are getting that joined-up picture. It will publish a 'state of the tertiary education system' report tracking performance, identifying challenges and setting out opportunities for future reform. I also acknowledge that this is not a one-and-done situation; there is more work for us to do to make sure that our higher-education system is meeting the needs of students and allowing students to get the skills and qualifications they need now and into the future.</para>
<para>The conversations I have about higher education in my community are about learning, about jobs and about opportunities for the future. People in my community are really aware that higher education is also the pathway to a more secure life. It can help open the doors to homeownership. It can help people feel like they have a stable and prosperous future ahead of them. So I was very proud to see our government cut 20 per cent off all student debt, including for nearly 23,000 people in my electorate of Jagajaga. I was proud to see us make free TAFE permanent, making a real difference for students at our local Greensborough and West Heidelberg Melbourne Polytechnic campuses and right across the country. For students in my community, this means no or lower repayments, less financial stress and a real chance to save for a home, start a family or invest in the future.</para>
<para>I have had this conversation; I do hear this time and time again from people in my community at all generations. It is something that parents, grandparents and young people are talking to me about. This is a continuing conversation about how we make sure young people in our communities can aspire to a good life and the stability and aspiration of knowing that there are good jobs ahead of them, knowing that they can look at secure homeownership and knowing that they can play an important part in our communities going forward. This bill does a lot more than just set up a body to look at our higher education system. This bill makes sure that we are getting the foundations right for young people to have those opportunities—to feel like they have a government that understands and cares how important it is for them to have that sense of opportunity, that sense of community and the sense of a government and a community that wants them to have good lives.</para>
<para>It would be remiss of me to say that those opposite share this government's view of a future for young people in that way. Their record shows that they did not back our universities. They did not back opportunity. They've said that students should just pay their debts. They've called our plan elitist. They cut funding to education institutions, and they undermined equity. It was clear over the decade that those opposite were in power that they see education as a cost, whereas we on this side, Labor, see education as an investment. They have opposed opportunity; we have defended it and we are trying to enhance it. Our government will always choose fairness, opportunity and young people in our community and their future, and that is what these bills are about. These bills are about the future of higher education and about the kind of nation we want to be. They're about backing our students, strengthening our universities and investing in the communities that rely on them. These bills do recognise that education is not just a personal opportunity but a national asset, one that underpins our economy, our workforce and our social cohesion.</para>
<para>We are getting on with the job: establishing the Australian Tertiary Education Commission, implementing the recommendations of the universities accord and placing students back at the centre of our system, where they should be—building a system that is fairer, more sustainable and fit for the future. Our government's clear message is: in Australia, opportunities should be earned by effort, not determined by background, postcode or family income. Young people should not be locked out of higher education because of who they are or where they come from, and these bills help us to make sure that that is the Australia of the future.</para>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>17:00</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr ABDO</name>
    <name.id>316915</name.id>
    <electorate>Calwell</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I rise to speak in support of the bills that are before the House: the Universities Accord (Australian Tertiary Education Commission) Bill 2025 and the Universities Accord (Australian Tertiary Education Commission) (Consequential and Transitional Provisions) Bill 2025. The legislation before us gives effect to a central recommendation of the Australian Universities Accord—a serious, long-term blueprint for reforming Australia's tertiary education system—and reflects the government's commitment to education as a public good and a national priority. It was the determination of successive Labor governments to open the doors of education to working families—to make university and TAFE attainable for people without wealth, privilege or connections.</para>
<para>The Albanese Labor government's objective to expand access to higher education for the many, not just the privileged few—whether it be VET, TAFE or university—is not only core to our Labor values but critical for communities like mine, where participation in higher education, like in many outer suburban and regional areas, isn't a given. I want to acknowledge the Minister for Education, Jason Clare, and the leadership he has shown in this space. I know the minister works tirelessly to help open up opportunities for people in the outer suburbs right across this country. As the minister has said, this reform is about building foundations that will last for decades and ensuring that opportunity in this country continues to widen, not narrow.</para>
<para>In February 2024, the government released the final report of the Australian Universities Accord. The accord makes clear that, in the decades ahead, around 80 per cent of jobs in Australia will require a certificate, diploma or degree. That means more people at TAFE, more people at university and more people moving between the two across their working lives. But the accord is equally clear that this will not happen by accident. It will only happen if we break down two big barriers. The first is the artificial barrier we have built between vocational education and higher education. The second is the invisible barrier that stops too many young people from poorer families, from the outer suburbs and from the regions and the bush from getting to university at all.</para>
<para>The equity gap is stark: 69 per cent of young Australians from wealthy families have a university degree, but only 19 per cent of young Australians from those less fortunate do. This gap extends beyond university: 87 per cent of young people from wealthy families have either a TAFE qualification or a university degree, as opposed to only 59 per cent of young people from those less well off. That means more than 40 per cent of young Australians from families less well off do not have the qualifications they will need in the decades ahead. This is not a failure of aspiration; it is a failure of access.</para>
<para>That is why the accord recommended the creation of a strong, independent steward of the tertiary education system, and that is why this government committed to establishing the Australian Tertiary Education Commission. The minister has observed—and I think it captures the scale of this reform:</para>
<quote><para class="block">As someone said to me the other day, the ATEC is the accord.</para></quote>
<para>The accord is big. It is a blueprint for the next decade and the one after that.</para>
<para>This legislation will establish the positions of Chief Commissioner, First Nations Commissioner and a third commissioner. These commissioners will have to report to the Minister for Education and the Minister for Skills and Training to ensure that the two most common streams for higher education are working together to strengthen our tertiary education system. It is about ensuring that decisions made today do not close doors tomorrow. It is about recognising that access alone is not enough—that participation, retention and success matter just as much. That is why the ATEC's role in monitoring equity outcomes, advising on funding settings and publishing an annual state of the tertiary education system report is so important, because, without transparency, inequity becomes invisible, and, when inequity is invisible, it is easily ignored. This reform puts equity at the centre of system design, not as an afterthought but as a core responsibility.</para>
<para>The ATEC will strengthen quality teaching and learning and internationally competitive research; it will ensure the system has the capacity and capability to meet Australia's current and future student, skills and workforce needs; it will increase equitable access, participation and success; it will promote coordination and collaboration between governments, providers, industry, employers, unions and the public; it will recognise and strengthen the role of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples in the tertiary education system; and it will improve coordination between higher education and the VET system. This is about planning, coherence and fairness. These reforms are practical.</para>
<para>An interim Australian Tertiary Education Commission commenced operations on 1 July 2025, laying the groundwork for the permanent commission established by this legislation. The work of the commission has been about lifting the accord off the page and into practice—testing systems, building capability and preparing the sector for the long-term stewardship role the ATEC is designed to play.</para>
<para>We also need to be honest about why this reform is necessary: because, over almost a decade of Liberal-National coalition governments, Australia's tertiary education system was not just neglected but actively undermined. In 2017, under a Liberal government, the Commonwealth moved to cut $2.2 billion from universities, predominantly through a two-year freeze on Commonwealth Grant Scheme funding for teaching and learning. This freeze did not require legislation. It was announced through the Mid-Year Economic and Fiscal Outlook after the Senate blocked an earlier package of even deeper cuts and fee increases. While those opposite at the time claimed it was not directly capping student places, the reality was obvious to everyone in the sector. If funding does not grow when enrolment grows, universities are pushed to do one of two things: cap places or cut quality. As Universities Australia said at the time, the freeze amounted to a real cut in funding once inflation was taken into account and an even deeper cut for universities serving growing outer suburban and regional communities.</para>
<para>The coalition also moved to lower the student loan repayment thresholds, increase repayment rates and introduce lifetime caps on student borrowing, measures that fell hardest on graduates from modest backgrounds, impacting their ability to establish themselves in the workforce. The Group of Eight described the sector being treated as a 'cash cow to be milked for budget cuts', rather than as a national asset critical to productivity and opportunity. It was students in the outer suburbs, in the regions and in working-class communities who paid the price—the very Australians who were already least likely to have a degree.</para>
<para>This is not ancient history. It's the recent past, and it is precisely why this government is rebuilding a system based on access, equity and long-term stewardship, not short-term savings and silent cuts. Since coming to office, the Albanese Labor government has already implemented 31 of the 47 recommendations of the Universities Accord report in full or in part. We have more than doubled the number of university study hubs, not only in the regions and the bush but, for the first time ever, in our outer suburbs. These hubs are about breaking down that invisible barrier.</para>
<para>In Broadmeadows in my electorate, I am immensely proud of the establishment of the Northern Study Hub, powered by La Trobe University. For years, capable students in my community faced a simple but powerful barrier: distance and access—long travel times, high transport costs, and work and care responsibilities. The university study hub in my community is changing that. It allows local students to study close to home, connected to academic support and wraparound services, without hours spent commuting. This is what access looks like when policy meets place.</para>
<para>We have expanded free university bridging courses, investing an extra $1 billion over 10 years. We have introduced paid prac for teaching, nursing, midwifery and social work students—targeted, means tested support for people who need it most. We have expanded medical places and opened new medical schools. We have scrapped the unfair 50 per cent pass rule. We have introduced a demand-driven system for Indigenous students wherever they live, and we are already seeing the impact. We have also delivered the biggest cut to student debt in Australian history. We capped indexation. We wiped billions off student debt. We moved to a marginal repayment system that is fairer and gentler. As Professor Bruce Chapman has said, this is 'the most important thing that's happened to the system in 35 years'. For my community, it has provided much needed debt relief to over 24,000 student loan holders in my electorate.</para>
<para>This government's commitment to breaking down barriers to accessing higher education goes beyond the university campus. Free TAFE is a model of what the Albanese Labor government stands for. It provides real cost-of-living relief whilst also advancing opportunities for Australians to get the skills they need to enter the workforce or to reskill and upskill, which is as important. Whether it's a young person leaving school and beginning their journey into higher education towards a career or someone being retrenched in middle age—which is a difficult experience but, when those opposite were in charge, regrettably not an uncommon one in my electorate. They dared our automotive makers to leave, which saw thousands of workers across Melbourne's north held back and left behind.</para>
<para>Free TAFE and our TAFE system in general has been the strong driver of economic participation in communities like mine. My electorate of Calwell has seen major changes to its industrial base with the fall of the automotive industry. We saw Ford and a raft of employers and small businesses across the manufacturing supply chain close down, which caused job losses for thousands. The Liberals smoked our industry and smoked to it. So, when workers need to reskill and find their feet again in the workforce to regain the dignity of work and provide for themselves and for their families, initiatives like this are a necessity.</para>
<para>We value education, we value TAFE and free TAFE, we value skills, we value jobs and industry, and we value opportunity—unlike the Liberals, who have a motto enshrined in policy from the top down, in education, health and right across the board, that if you don't pay for something you don't value it. It's important that we enact reform across both the TAFE and university sectors together. The ATEC will bring all this together. It will craft mission based compacts with universities; it will provide independent, expert advice; it will take responsibility for the Higher Education Standards Framework; and, every year, it will publish a state of the tertiary education system report—independent, transparent and accountable.</para>
<para>This bill represents the next chapter in the long story of Labor reforms. The first Universities Commission was established in 1943 by the Curtin Labor government. It was strengthened in later decades because leaders understood that education is central to our nation-building. We have a similar opportunity before us today. This debate is not just about universities as they exist today. It is about the Australia we are building for the next decade and the one after that: a country that wants to manufacture more of what it needs; a country that wants to train its own teachers, tradies, doctors, nurses, engineers and scientists; and a country that wants to compete globally while remaining fair at home. None of that is possible without a strong, accessible and well-planned tertiary education system, and none of it is possible if we allow short-term savings to undermine long-term capability.</para>
<para>This legislation rejects that short-termism. It chooses planning over drift, equity over exclusion and national interest over political convenience. It's an opportunity to build foundations for the next decade and the one after that, to open the doors of opportunity wider than they are today and to ensure that people in my community are not locked out of their potential. That is what this legislation does, and I'm proud to support it. I commend the bills to the House.</para>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>17:13</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms FERNANDO</name>
    <name.id>299964</name.id>
    <electorate>Holt</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>In February 2024, the Albanese Labor government released the final report of the Australian Universities Accord. This was not a report written in isolation behind closed doors in Canberra. It was the product of deep consultation right across the country. It was built on conversations with students, educators, unions, industries, state and territory governments and communities like mine. It set out a clear blueprint for higher education reform—not just for the next few years but for the next decade and the decade after that.</para>
<para>That report told us some hard truths. It told us that the system we have today is not fit for the future we face tomorrow. It told us that, in years ahead, the nature of work in Australia is going to change fundamentally. More jobs will require more skills. Over the coming decades, around 80 per cent of our workforce will need a post-school qualification, whether that is a certificate III from TAFE, a diploma or a university degree. In fact, Jobs and Skills Australia tells us that more than 90 per cent of employment growth over the next decade will be in jobs that need post-school qualification. Think about that figure—nine out of 10 new jobs. That is a massive undertaking for our nation. It means we need more people walking through the doors of our TAFEs, and we need more people studying at our universities—and, perhaps more importantly, we need those two systems to work together. We need better coordination and clearer pathways, creating a more joined-up tertiary education system that supports Australia's long-term prosperity. We cannot leave this to chance. We need a plan, and we need a steward to drive it.</para>
<para>The Albanese Labor government has not waited to act. We have already hit the ground running, implementing 31 of the 47 accord recommendations in full or in part. We are doubling the number of university study hubs by establishing 20 new regional hubs and 14 new suburban hubs. This is about bringing higher education closer to students who cannot always relocate or commute long distances. For students in the outer suburbs, this is the difference between giving up or getting a degree. We are increasing the number of free university bridging courses, opening doors for students who have the potential to succeed but just need extra support to get started. We are introducing paid prac for the first time for teaching, nursing, midwifery and social work students, because we know placement poverty is real and students should not have to choose between paying their rent and finishing their placements to become the essential workers our country needs.</para>
<para>We have strengthened the student voice by requiring higher education providers to allocate at least 40 per cent of student services and amenities to student led organisations. We have established the National Student Ombudsman and a national code to prevent and respond to gender based violence because students deserve safety and accountability, and universities must be held to the highest standards. As we promised, we have made HECS better and fairer by cutting student debt, capping indexation so it never grows faster than wages, and lifting the repayment threshold. This is real cost-of-living relief for graduates in Holt and across Australia.</para>
<para>These reforms are already changing lives, but the accord was also honest about what has been missing for too long. The panel, led by Professor Mary O'Kane AC, identified a clear gap in our system: there was no steward. There was no-one holding the map looking at the whole picture and guiding the system towards our national goals. This absence of stewardship was identified as a crucial gap in Australia's ability to plan for future skills needs, improving equity, and to deliver quality outcomes for students and the economy. That is the gap these bills address.</para>
<para>The Universities Accord (Australian Tertiary Education Commission) Bill 2025 establishes the Australian Tertiary Education Commission, or ATEC. Establishing ATEC was a key recommendation of the accord. It will be an independent statutory body. It will be the steward for the tertiary system. It will play a crucial role in delivering reform. Its mission is clear: to help deliver the future tertiary education system Australia needs. It will support us to move forward to that 80 per cent attainment target by doing four crucial things: encouraging diversity among our higher education providers so we don't have a cookie-cutter system; providing expert, evidence based advice for government's higher education system settings; monitoring skills and equity targets; and helping to deliver a joined-up system that makes it easier for students to move between TAFE and uni to get skills they need.</para>
<para>ATEC will provide advice and reports to governments. It will undertake and coordinate research and data analysis. Crucially, it will publish an annual report, strengthening transparency. It will tell us how the system is performing. It will highlight emerging challenges. It will track our progress towards participation and attainment targets. It will assess whether the system is meeting Australia's skills and workforce needs while removing barriers for underrepresented groups. ATEC will not operate in isolation. It will work closely with Jobs and Skills Australia, with TEQSA, with the Australian Research Council, with the National Centre for Vocational Education Research and with state and territory governments, ensuring its advice is grounded in evidence and informed by real-world needs.</para>
<para>One of the most significant reforms in this bill is the introduction of mission based compacts. These agreements recognise a fundamental reality: Australia's universities are not all the same, and they should not be forced into a 'one size fits all' model. Different institutions serve different communities. A university in regional Victoria has a different mission to a university in the Melbourne CBD. They have different strengths. They serve different student cohorts. Mission based compacts will allow universities the flexibility to pursue their specific goals while ensuring they contribute to national priorities and meet the needs of their students and communities.</para>
<para>ATEC will also be responsible for implementing a new funding framework, including demand driven places for equity students at a system level and needs based funding that reflects the number of students from low-socioeconomic backgrounds, First Nations students and students studying at regional campuses. This is about getting students into university and backing them to succeed once they are there.</para>
<para>Importantly, the legislation also strikes the right balance between accountability and independence. It allows ministers to set the framework within which functions are carried out while making clear that directions cannot relate to the content of ATEC's advice, the decisions it makes or individual providers. That balance protects the integrity of expert, evidence based advice while maintaining democratic oversight.</para>
<para>Since 1 July 2025, an interim ATEC has already been operating. They have been laying the foundations for the permanent commission, and the legislation before the House builds on that work. The accompanying Universities Accord (Australian Tertiary Education Commission) (Consequential and Transitional Provisions) Bill 2025 ensures these reforms are implemented smoothly and responsibly with the necessary amendments to existing legislation to support continuity and clarity.</para>
<para>I must contrast this clear, long-term vision with the approach of those opposite. At the last election, the opposition opposed the creation of ATEC, arguing it was unnecessary. They are currently busy breaking up and making up again, disconnected from the reality of modern Australia—a pattern we have seen from them since the very start of the 48th Parliament. When they were in government, they treated higher education as a cost to be shifted onto students, not an investment in the nation. They tried to deregulate fees. They neglected TAFE, cutting billions of dollars from the sector. They created uncertainty and failed to plan for the long term. They left us with a system that simply was not working for students. Labor is doing the opposite. We are backing students, we are supporting skills, we are strengthening equity and we're putting long-term stewardship back at the heart of the system.</para>
<para>For my community in Holt, these reforms matter deeply. They matter for the young person who wants to be the first in their family to graduate, they matter for the parent retraining to secure a better future, they matter for the aspiring teacher, nurse or social worker who wants to serve their community with dignity, and they matter for Australia because a strong, fair and future-ready tertiary education system is one of the most important investments we can make for our people and for our prosperity. I'm proud to be a part of a government that takes education seriously. My parents taught me that education is a gift, but, in a country like Australia, it shouldn't just be a gift for a lucky few; it should be a right for everyone regardless of where they live or how much their parents earn. This bill sets us on that path. It builds on the architecture we need for the future. It delivers on the promise of the Universities Accord. I want to thank the Minister for Education, Jason Clare, for his leadership on this. He has listened to the sector, he has listened to the students and he has acted. I commend this bill to the House.</para>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>17:26</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr WATTS</name>
    <name.id>193430</name.id>
    <electorate>Gellibrand</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>The Universities Accord (Australian Tertiary Education Commission) Bill 2025 establishes the Australian Tertiary Education Commission, the ATEC. The ATEC was, of course, a key recommendation from the Australian Universities Accord. When the Albanese Labor government first came into power, the Minister for Education, Jason Clare, identified the need for reform of Australia's higher education sector, and he appointed six Australians to look at seven priority areas in the higher education sector. Considering these priorities, the accord puts forward a long-term vision for rebuilding Australia's tertiary education system. It argues that many more Australians—an increase, in fact, to approximately 80 per cent of the workforce—will require postschool qualifications in coming decades. It also noted that our universities and vocational education providers must work closely together to meet our future skills needs. It recommends expanding opportunities for people who are currently underrepresented in higher education—people like those in the communities that I represent in this chamber, including those from regional communities and from disadvantaged backgrounds—through new learning hubs, additional supported places and stronger financial and academic support. It also called for reforms to funding and student debt, improvements to governance and accountability, and a renewed focus on quality research, innovation and national capability.</para>
<para>The government has implemented 31 of the accord's 47 recommendations. The accord is a blueprint for sector reform for the decades ahead. It will take a long-term vision and a long-term commitment to deliver. To ensure its success, it needs a steward to drive and to steer these reforms, and the ATEC will formally take on this role for the tertiary education sector. As the Minister for Education has said, of all the recommendations in the accord, the establishment of the ATEC may be the most important. The establishment of the ATEC provides a singular opportunity for Australia's future. It provides an opportunity for an independent, expert body to drive real and lasting reform in the higher education sector. It provides an opportunity to uplift the coordination and administration of the sector. It's an opportunity to coordinate and align efforts across higher education institutions—as the Minister for Education says, 'to get the sector to work more like a system'. The ATEC will have its own decision-making powers, and it will take on responsibility for new mission based compacts with individual universities. The ATEC will provide expert advice to government on policy settings and strategic direction, the cost of teaching and learning in higher education, student demand, and meeting Australia's current and future skills and knowledge demand.</para>
<para>The ATEC, by taking a systems approach rather than an individual institutions approach, will ensure that Australian universities can deliver the vital sovereign capabilities that Australia will need in the coming decades. There's nowhere that we need this more than with Australia's engagement with a rapidly-changing world. The current external environment is asking more of Australia's leaders and Australia's institutions than ever before. China is seeking to change the regional balance of power. The Trump administration is pursuing a different role for America in the world. Our neighbours in South-East Asia are seeking to navigate their own way in these changing times.</para>
<para>Australia needs to be able to understand and engage with countries in our own region through our own perspective, and we can't rely on other countries to do this for us. Australia needs our own leaders and our own institutions to have the capabilities necessary to be effective in our region. More than ever before, Australia's security and our prosperity depend on our ability to be effective in our own region. Asia capability—the mix of cultural understanding, language faculties and regional experiences needed to be effective in Asia—underpins all spheres of our national endeavour, our statecraft, our industry, our defence and our civil society. Australia cannot rely on other countries to produce the analysis that we need, to share our research priorities or to develop the relationships that we need to serve our interests. We need the sovereign capability to do these things for ourselves in our own region. It's the foundation of everything that we want to do in our region.</para>
<para>Universities play a vital role in building Australia's Asia capability. It's where students develop expertise in the countries of our region, deepening their focus during honours, master's and PhD programs. I've met countless leaders—Australian ambassadors to countries in our region, business leaders investing in trading in our region and strategic thinkers aiming to understand our region—who all developed their Asia capability while at university. Currently, we benefit from the deep Asia capability within a small number of individuals at the top of our Public Service, universities, civil society and private sector.</para>
<para>However, the expertise of these individuals is the product of investments made decades ago. Unfortunately, the structures and institutions that educated this generation of leaders, increasingly, no longer exists at our institutions of higher education. The pipeline of future Asia-capable leaders is breaking down in Australia. The institutions that we need to develop the next generation of leaders with deep Asia expertise are in crisis. That's why, as Chair of the Standing Committee on Education, I am leading an inquiry into the development of Australia's Asia capability, looking at the enablers and the barriers to addressing this whole-of-nation challenge. Universities are essential to developing this sovereign capability—this Asia capability—for Australia. University language programs and area studies are essential for producing the deep Asia expertise Australia needs to navigate the current circumstances we confront.</para>
<para>Unfortunately, there have been a series of closures of Asian language and area studies programs at universities across the country. The decline in university enrolments in Asian languages and area studies is stark. Between 2004 and 2022, university enrolments in South-East Asian languages declined by 75 per cent. In 1997, there were six Australian universities that taught Hindi; now, there are only two, with only the Australian National University teaching Hindi in person. Only 12 universities now teach Indonesian, down from 22 in the 1990s. Of the more than one million Australian domestic students at Australian universities in 2023, barely 500 students were enrolled in a single subject of Bahasa Indonesia nationwide. As Dr Matthew Davies, Deputy Vice-Chancellor at ANU, confirmed in evidence heard by the committee, the threat to Indonesian studies at Australian universities is 'existential'. Without government intervention, Indonesian studies—the study of language and the study of Indonesian culture and society—risks going extinct. As the founder of the Australian Consortium for In-Country Indonesian Studies, Professor David Hill, said:</para>
<quote><para class="block">Only a handful of highly skilled, Indonesia-focused graduates are now being produced by Australian universities.</para></quote>
<para>He went on to say:</para>
<quote><para class="block">… the current national decline in enrolments has consequences more severe than at any other time during my professional life.</para></quote>
<para>As the University of Sydney wrote in their submission to the inquiry:</para>
<quote><para class="block">The erosion of university-level language and area studies capacity has left government and business without the deep contextual insight needed for long-term strategy.</para></quote>
<para>An Australian Academy of the Humanities report found that only 17 Australians completed honours in Chinese studies with language between 2017 and 2021—no more than five Australians a year. The University of New South Wales shared that student demand for Chinese language courses has fallen by 58 per cent since 2018, and enrolments for Japanese language courses have decreased by 19 per cent. The number of universities and academics conducting deep research into Asian studies is declining precipitously. Across universities, there is no nationally coordinated prioritisation of resources, data collection, leadership or long-term vision for Asia capability. The ATEC presents an opportunity to coordinate and align efforts across the higher education sector to get it working as a system when it comes to building our nation's Asia capability.</para>
<para>ATEC will work closely with other agencies and offices, including Jobs and Skills Australia, TEQSA, the Australian Research Council, the National Centre for Vocational Education Research and state and territory governments to ensure its advice and decisions are informed by the best evidence. We've heard that breaking the cycle of program closures around the country in Asian languages and Asia studies requires government intervention on both the supply of programs and teachers teaching these courses and, importantly, to enhance the demand for Asia-capable individuals. We've heard that structural reform with enforceable commitments is required. Collapsing demand from students for the study of Asian languages has flowed through to the supply of Asian language programs. Universities Australia told the inquiry that teaching costs for language courses have also increased. Data from Deloitte indicates that foreign languages had the second-largest annual cost increase of 6.2 per cent from 2019 to 2020. As Universities Australia wrote:</para>
<quote><para class="block">The combination of declining demand and increased teaching costs has placed significant pressure on universities to offer Asia capability building opportunities at a substantial financial loss.</para></quote>
<para>ATEC could help provide guidance on the costs of teaching and learning that will support meeting Australia's current and future skills needs.</para>
<para>Many Asian language and area studies are kept on the whim of university leaders. As Professor Melissa Croucher said:</para>
<quote><para class="block">In Australia, Asian studies and the study of Asia across the various disciplines … has long relied upon the institutional support of its leaders—its vice-chancellors, deputy vice-chancellors, deans, heads of school, and so forth.</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">It has also relied upon secure structural foundations—Asian studies degrees, a suite of Asian language offerings, independent research centres, and the study of Asia embedded across a range of disciplines, from law to business.</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">Yet over the past two decades, there has been a noticeable and alarming trend: a decline in the structures, institutions and people who make the teaching and training of our students possible …</para></quote>
<para>University leaders, who often have limited exposure to or lack of connections with Asia, are often unable to see the value of offering Asian languages or Asian studies units and majors for the nation. Often, there's limited or no leadership support for saving these programs when they're at risk of cuts for financial reasons. Further, the relatively high cost for universities to offer these courses in the context of a demand driven model of higher education often causes these programs to be cut. Unfortunately, the threat of cuts makes the teaching of Asian languages and Asian studies precarious and unappealing for academics and lecturers.</para>
<para>Despite these significant challenges, the research into our region and teaching of Asian languages and area studies is vital for our national interests. Australia needs sovereign Asia capability, and universities need to play a role in developing it. In some cases, universities have attempted to innovate and collaborate to keep language studies alive. For example, people like Professor Greg Hainge from the University of Queensland are trying to innovate in these difficult circumstances. Queensland's three largest universities established the Brisbane Universities Languages Alliance, which offers nine languages to students from three universities. Another institution providing innovative solutions in these difficult times is ANU'S Australian Centre on China in the World. Led by Professor Ben Hillman, the Centre for China in the World has become a nation-leading institution for building risk informed China capability. Professor Hillman has played an innovative role in building pathways for students to develop their Chinese language capability from high school to university and through to postgraduate study.</para>
<para>Initiatives like this are commendable, and, with leadership and coordination from ATEC, initiatives of this kind could have a system-wide impact. The ATEC is an opportunity to provide oversight and coordination to help address some of these problems. We've seen submissions and witnesses in this inquiry say the same thing over and over again. Professor Hainge again has said:</para>
<quote><para class="block">To recognise that we need a coordinated national system is critical. I think we're at an ideal moment with ATEC coming online. This is a body that has stood up to talk about arrangements with universities that extend beyond the life of a single government.</para></quote>
<para>In their written submission to the inquiry, the University of Queensland wrote that Asia capability 'should be advanced by the Australian Tertiary Education Commissions university compacts'. As the University of Queensland wrote:</para>
<quote><para class="block">Not only should there be incentives for universities with educational offerings and research capabilities in Asia literacy, but there should also be incentives for these institutions to expand the reach of their offerings to students studying at other universities. To do this, it will be necessary to find innovative solutions that enable students to add the study of Asian languages and cultures into their degree programs.</para></quote>
<para>The Australian Academy of the Humanities likewise said that ATEC 'should acknowledge Asia capability as one of Australia's priority national capabilities, monitor national gaps and opportunities and set benchmarks through mission based compacts'.</para>
<para>Professor Michael Wesley from the University of Melbourne said:</para>
<quote><para class="block">… ATEC is a real opportunity to have a national approach to Asia capability at our universities.</para></quote>
<para>And we need it now. Our region is increasingly dynamic, complex and consequential. Fundamental assumptions about Australian strategic and foreign policy are being challenged. We need the skills and capabilities to make our own way in the region. To be effective in our own region, we need our leaders and our institutions to be Asia capable. Unless we choose to make developing Asia capability a priority as a nation, we are choosing to leave our future security and prosperity to be determined by others.</para>
<para>Universities play a critical role in developing the Asia capability we need for our future. We heard it consistently through the parliamentary inquiry, and ATEC, with its own decision-making powers and responsibility for new mission based compacts with individual universities, presents an opportunity to get our universities back on track when it comes to developing the Asia capability that Australia needs.</para>
<para>I congratulate Professor Mary O'Kane and Distinguished Professor Larissa Behrendt for their work as interim commissioners of ATEC. <inline font-style="italic">(Time expired)</inline></para>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>17:41</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms MASCARENHAS</name>
    <name.id>298800</name.id>
    <electorate>Swan</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>Education has the ability to change the trajectory of a person's life forever. Education is one of Labor's deepest values. Its transformative power has the ability to change potential into opportunity. It widens the circle. Where you start out in life should not limit how far you go, and that's what this debate is about. The Australian Universities Accord is not a quick fix; it's a long-term plan for reform over the next decades and the decades after that.</para>
<para>The accord is clear about the future—more jobs will need more skills—and this is about building trust that you can carry throughout your education and trust that the sector and the government want you to succeed and thrive. Over the coming decades, we must lift the amount of workers with a certificate, diploma or a degree to about 80 per cent. That means more people at TAFE, more people at university and action is needed now to make sure that we prepare our tertiary system for Australian skills needs not just for today but for tomorrow.</para>
<para>This is not only an economic task. It's about fairness. We must break the old divide between vocational education and higher education. I think that that's particularly important because often what we see in workplaces is the best collaboration that happens is through those that have had vocational education backgrounds, who often have much more practical experiences, as opposed to university educated people, like myself, who are based in a lot of theory. Together those people can collaborate, and that's where we can see the next level of innovation. It's important that we remove invisible barriers that hold too many young people back, especially in our outer suburbs, regions and the bush. This legislation is about stewardship and a system that is aligned, planned and fair, so I rise to support the Universities Accord (Australian Tertiary Education Commission) Bill.</para>
<para>In February 2024, the government released the final accord report. It set the path for reform, recognising the need for additional skills and the rising demand. It made clear that, to reach this 80 per cent goal, we need more students not just starting both TAFE and university but succeeding in them, so we must act now to set up our tertiary system. This government has already implemented 31 of the 47 recommendations in part or in full. Students can already see the change. They can feel it. We are doubling the number of university study hubs, with 20 new regional and 14 suburban hubs. This brings higher education closer to students. It cuts the distance and the cost. As someone who grew up in regional WA, I see that it's important that we lower the barriers as much as possible. I've seen people from regional communities or from outer suburban areas drop out of uni because the travel was just too much.</para>
<para>We are increasing the number of free university bridging courses. More people can take the first step with confidence. We also, for the first time, introduced paid prac for teaching, nursing, midwifery and social work. These are skills that are in demand, and placement poverty should not be a barrier to care based professions. Providers now must allocate at least 40 per cent of the student services amenity fee to student led organisations—because a student voice matters and campus life matters. Often what happens at university, not just in the classroom but on the campus, are the things that help prepare you for the rest of your career. The conversations that I had at the tavern or in the library were just as important and those in the classroom. I was lucky enough to be Curtin Student Guild president, and what I'd say about student voices is that the goal is to make your university the best place to study, and that happened to also be the goal of the vice-chancellor, who at the time was Lance Twomey. We worked together and we achieved some amazing things, and I can't wait to see what amazing collaboration happens between the student unions and universities to make sure that our universities are fantastic places. We had such a productive relationship with that vice-chancellor that we named a bar after him—the Twomey bar.</para>
<para>In addition, we have demand driven, Commonwealth supported places that are now available to all First Nations students when they meet the entry standards. Equity means real access, and people who want to take the step and get access to a tertiary education should not be held back. We have established a National Student Ombudsman and a national code to prevent and respond to gender based violence. Safety and accountability should not be negotiable. We need to make sure that students feel safe on campus irrespective of their religious background, their gender or their sexuality. We have made HECS fairer. A 20 per cent cut has been made to HECS debts, and indexation is capped at the lower end of the CPI or the WPI. We have also established marginal repayments and higher minimum repayment thresholds. This lightens the load so graduates can build their futures. This is a tangible way to help young and new professionals as they start out their careers.</para>
<para>These are not abstract changes. They make study more accessible. They make campuses safer. They make the cost of learning fairer. Tangible ambition in education cannot slide backwards. It needs a steward. If we are serious about the accord, we need an institution that can think long term. It must bring coherence across the VET and higher education sectors. It must monitor progress. It must keep reform moving. This bill establishes that steward, the Australian Tertiary Education Commission, or ATEC. Creating a system steward was a key accord recommendation. It is essential to building the tertiary system that our future needs. What will ATEC do? It will start by encouraging provider diversity, different missions, shared purpose and better choices for students. It will also provide expert advice to government on higher education settings, stable rules, clear signals and evidence based change. It will monitor skills and equity targets, track what matters and fix what isn't working. It will help keep the system honest. It will also join up the system so students can get the qualifications they need when they need them.</para>
<para>The interim ATEC commenced on 1 July 2025. It was initially led by Professor Mary O'Kane, Distinguished Professor Larissa Behrendt and Professor Barney Glover. Professor Tom Calma and the Hon. Fiona Nash have since been appointed commissioners, replacing Professor O'Kane and Professor Behrendt. Professor Barney Glover is now acting chief commissioner alongside his role of Commissioner of Jobs and Skills Australia. Their work has laid the foundation for the permanent commission, which this bill establishes. The accord spans more than one budget cycle. It will outlast one ministerial term, and ATEC will give us the capability and continuity to deliver.</para>
<para>When directed by government, ATEC will also allocate the number of domestic student places, within a system allocation set by government, and allocate international places when required. This system uses system-wide levers to meet the national needs. ATEC will be responsible for implementing new mission based compacts with universities. This will give universities room to pursue their goals and their missions. They will also drive diversity in the system, deliver on national priorities and respond to student and community needs. ATEC will also implement a new funding system to do two things: provide demand driven places for equity students at a systems level and deliver demand driven, needs based funding that recognises the number of low-SES students, First Nations students and students studying at regional campuses.</para>
<para>Access is vital. Participation and completion are vital too. The new settings do both. ATEC will advise government on policy settings and strategic direction; on the cost of teaching and learning; on student demand; on how to meet current and future skills and knowledge needs; and on lifting access, participation and outcomes for people who face systemic barriers. ATEC will also advise on how to bring higher education and VET closer together. ATEC will work closely with Jobs and Skills Australia, TEQSA, the Australian Research Council, the National Centre for Vocational Education Research and, of course, the states and territories. Its advice and decisions will be informed by the best evidence across sectors and jurisdictions.</para>
<para>Every year, ATEC will publish a state of the tertiary education system report. It will track emerging trends and systems-level challenges, progress on participation and attainment targets, opportunities to better join up VET and higher education, whether we are meeting Australia's skills and knowledge demands, and how well the system is removing barriers for underrepresented groups. ATEC commissioners will also report to the Minister for Education on higher education matters and to both the Minister for Education and the Minister for Skills and Training on the joined-up tertiary system. The minister cannot direct ATEC on the content of its advice or instruct it to make a particular decision about a provider. Independence matters. Trust matters.</para>
<para>Alongside this bill is the University Accord (Australian Tertiary Education Commission) (Consequential and Transitional Provisions) Bill 2025. It amends the Tertiary Education Quality and Standards Act and the Higher Education Support Act 2003 to enable ATEC to advise on the Higher Education Standards Framework and to facilitate mission based compacts. The governance must line up with the goals. I recall taking the education minister to Curtin University earlier this year. He spoke about the accord's vision. He linked it to Labor's tradition of reform—what Gough Whitlam called the uplifting the horizons and John Curtin's simple call to 'look ever forward'.</para>
<para>He also made time, early, to sit with student leaders. We went around the circle. Students could see in dollars what the HECS changes, that 20 per cent relief, would mean to them, and that relief was obvious. It was on their faces. The motivation was real. This has gone some way to building trust in the tertiary education system, and now we are legislating an authority to ensure that that trust is not lost again.</para>
<para>The optimism that I heard at Curtin sits alongside a national tradition. After the war, the John Curtin era set a course for national renewal and stewardship in higher education. Today, with ATEC, we renew that spirit for a more complex age. The mission is the same: keep the doors open, lift horizons and make the future fair. This bill is about trust. It's about trust that education is not for the lucky few; it is for anyone with talent and drive. When we invest in people, they give back to their communities, to the economy and to the nation.</para>
<para>The accord recognises a simple fact: higher education cannot simply drift; it must be guided. We must maintain trust by maintaining consistent principles that align with our Australian values. Education must be shaped around students, communities and our country. That's why ATEC matters. It provides long-term vision and stability; it puts equity at the core of success; it makes skills planning real, coordinated and responsive; and it lets universities focus on what they do best, which is teaching and research.</para>
<para>We must think about the people behind the numbers: the first-in-family student who changes a family's story, the regional student who deserves the same chance as anyone in a capital city, the older Australian who needs to reskill and wants to contribute and the young person who won't be limited by their postcode. Labor has always known this. Education is nation-building work. The Australian Universities Accord carries that tradition forward. This bill gives the governance and the staying power for that success. For these reasons, I commend the bill to the House.</para>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>17:56</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms STANLEY</name>
    <name.id>265990</name.id>
    <electorate>Werriwa</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I rise to make my contribution to the legislation before the House, which is the Universities Accord (Australian Tertiary Education Commission) Bill 2025 and the Universities Accord (Australian Tertiary Education Commission) (Consequential and Transitional Provisions) Bill 2025. The electorate that I represent is home to the outstanding Western Sydney University. With campuses in Liverpool, Campbelltown, Parramatta and Hawkesbury, Western Sydney University is a vital part of life in my part of Sydney.</para>
<para>The history of WSU goes back to the vision of Gough Whitlam, who is my predecessor in Werriwa. It was Gough, through the then education minister Kim Beazley Sr, who announced nearly $100,000 in funding to the New South Wales government for the establishment of a university in Campbelltown. It would seem like a modest sum, but 50 years ago it was the start of something wonderful that would shape our part of the world for the better. Years later, Mr Whitlam cemented his support for WSU when he chose it to be the home of his prime ministerial collection and the Whitlam Institute—both are well worth a visit.</para>
<para>Labor is the party of education. The Albanese Labor government carries the standard now for the current generation. Labor has always believed that through education living standards can rise, poverty will be reduced and opportunities will be created for all Australians and for a prosperous Australia. In February 2024, the government released the final report of the Australian Universities Accord. The review was asked to create a long-term plan for reform. The accord's final report states:</para>
<quote><para class="block">Higher education is vital to Australia's future: the knowledge, skills and research it produces enable us to be an economically prosperous, socially equitable and environmentally sustainable nation. By encouraging intellectual endeavour, creativity and personal accomplishment, it adds to the quality of our lives. Pursuing truth through free discussion, it promotes democracy and civic values.</para></quote>
<para>One of the astonishing findings of the final report was that, by 2050, the number of people in the workforce who need a certificate, diploma or degree will rise to about 80 per cent. This is a challenging and sobering statistic, but it's a challenge that we need to embrace and meet.</para>
<para>The accord made 47 recommendations and, of these, 31 have already been implemented. Those already implemented include increasing the number of free university bridging courses, introducing paid prac for the first time, cutting 20 per cent off HECS debts and doubling the number of university study hubs. Regarding the last one, I'm particularly proud to say that there is now a hub in Macquarie Fields at the TAFE. While no longer in the electorate of Werriwa, I fought hard for the hub, knowing it would make a real, different and lasting change for many. Just before Christmas, the Minister for Education opened the Liverpool suburban study hub, in the TAFE building on Moore Street and Bigge Street in Liverpool. The hub will support more than 350 students a week in 60 study places. There are individual and collaborative areas with computers, wi-fi, printers and videoconferencing. It's a wonderful addition to Liverpool and for the students of south-west Sydney.</para>
<para>A key recommendation of the accord was the establishment of the Australian Tertiary Education Commission, ATEC. The bill before us now aims to implement this recommendation. An interim ATEC, which started on 1 July 2025, has laid the foundations for the establishment of the permanent body. Professor Tom Calma and the Hon. Fiona Nash have recently been appointed as commissioners, replacing Professor Mary O'Kane and Distinguished Professor Behrendt. They join Professor Barney Glover, who has been appointed as chief commissioner alongside his role as commissioner of Jobs and Skills Australia.</para>
<para>The role of ATEC is multifaceted and broad. It will be responsible for implementing new mission based compacts with universities. These compacts will give universities the flexibility they need to pursue goals while also contributing to the overall diversity within the higher education system, helping to deliver higher education priorities and meeting the needs of students and communities. In addition, ATEC will be responsible for implementing a new funding system—a system that will provide demand-driven places for equity students at a system level. ATEC will also provide expert advice to the government on a range of education matters, including policy settings, strategic direction, student demand, the cost of teaching and learning in higher education, and improving access and participation. The ATEC will have three commissioners and will report to the Minister for Education on higher education matters and to both the Minister for Education and the Minister for Skills and Training on delivering a more connected tertiary education system. Annually, ATEC will produce a state and territory education system report on the tertiary education system.</para>
<para>The second bill before us is the Universities Accord (Australian Tertiary Education Commission) (Consequential and Transitional Provisions) Bill 2025. This bill amends the Tertiary Education Quality and Standards Agency Act 2011 and the Higher Education Support Act 2003. The result of this bill is to allow ATEC to advise the minister on higher education frameworks and facilitates the new mission based compact process. The Australian higher education system is first class. Its role in helping Australians acquire the skills and qualifications they need will only grow with time.</para>
<para>For Australia, there's no turning back. We must embrace the challenges identified in the final report of the Australian Universities Accord. Not only that; we need to ensure that the overall governance of our tertiary education system makes us a match for decades to come. The establishment of ATEC will mean that our best and sharpest minds will be devoted to this incredibly important sector. I commend the bills to the House and thank the minister for his leadership in implementing these reforms in the university sector.</para>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>18:03</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr CLARE</name>
    <name.id>HWL</name.id>
    <electorate>Blaxland</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I thank all members for their contributions to this debate. The Universities Accord (Australian Tertiary Education Commission) Bill 2025 is a bill to establish the Australian Tertiary Education Commission, the ATEC. Establishing the ATEC is a key recommendation of the Australian Universities Accord, and it will be the job of the ATEC to help drive and steer the big reforms in the accord, like demand-driven equity places and needs based funding. It'll also independently negotiate compacts with individual universities. It'll get the sector to work more like a system and build connections between the vocational education and training and the higher education systems. It'll provide independent, expert advice, and it will help to drive real and lasting reform. That's what the ATEC is about.</para>
<para>I acknowledge in particular the members of the crossbench who've engaged with me in my office on this bill. I note the amendments circulated by the member for Kooyong and the member for Curtin; I know that tertiary education is an important issue for them and for their stakeholders. Although the government is not in a position to support the amendments offered at this time, I'm grateful for the thoughtful engagement on this and the universities accord reforms more broadly. I can indicate publicly, as I have privately, that I'll consider these amendments alongside the report of the Senate Education and Employment Legislation Committee when we receive that report, in just over two weeks time, and I note that their inquiry is currently underway. With that, I commend the bill to the House.</para>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">The SPEAKER</name>
    <name.id>53517</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>The question is that the bill be now read a second time. To this the honourable member for Berowra has moved an amendment that all words after 'That' be omitted with a view to substituting other words. The House is dealing with the question that this amendment be agreed to.</para>
<para> </para>
</interjection>
</speech>
<division>
            <division.header>
              <body>
                <p class="HPS-DivisionPreamble">The House divided. [18:09]<br />(The Speaker—Hon. Milton Dick) </p>
              </body>
            </division.header>
            <division.data>
              <ayes>
                <num.votes>41</num.votes>
                <title>AYES</title>
                <names>
                  <name>Aldred, M. R.</name>
                  <name>Batt, D. J.</name>
                  <name>Bell, A. M.</name>
                  <name>Birrell, S. J.</name>
                  <name>Boyce, C. E.</name>
                  <name>Buchholz, S.</name>
                  <name>Caldwell, C. M.</name>
                  <name>Chaffey, J. L.</name>
                  <name>Chaney, K. E.</name>
                  <name>Chester, D. J.</name>
                  <name>Conaghan, P. J.</name>
                  <name>Hamilton, G. R.</name>
                  <name>Hastie, A. W.</name>
                  <name>Hawke, A. G.</name>
                  <name>Hogan, K. J.</name>
                  <name>Joyce, B. T. G.</name>
                  <name>Kennedy, S. P.</name>
                  <name>Landry, M. L. (Teller)</name>
                  <name>Leeser, J.</name>
                  <name>McCormack, M. F.</name>
                  <name>McIntosh, M. I.</name>
                  <name>McKenzie, Z. A.</name>
                  <name>Pasin, A.</name>
                  <name>Penfold, A. L.</name>
                  <name>Pike, H. J. (Teller)</name>
                  <name>Price, M. L.</name>
                  <name>Rebello, L. S.</name>
                  <name>Scamps, S. A.</name>
                  <name>Small, B. J.</name>
                  <name>Spender, A. M.</name>
                  <name>Taylor, A. J.</name>
                  <name>Thompson, P.</name>
                  <name>Venning, T. H.</name>
                  <name>Violi, A. A.</name>
                  <name>Wallace, A. B.</name>
                  <name>Webster, A. E.</name>
                  <name>Willcox, A. J.</name>
                  <name>Wilson, R. J.</name>
                  <name>Wilson, T. R.</name>
                  <name>Wood, J. P.</name>
                  <name>Young, T. J.</name>
                </names>
              </ayes>
              <noes>
                <num.votes>95</num.votes>
                <title>NOES</title>
                <names>
                  <name>Abdo, B. J.</name>
                  <name>Aly, A.</name>
                  <name>Ambihaipahar, A.</name>
                  <name>Belyea, J. A.</name>
                  <name>Berry, C. G.</name>
                  <name>Boele, N.</name>
                  <name>Bowen, C. E.</name>
                  <name>Briskey, J. L.</name>
                  <name>Burke, A. S.</name>
                  <name>Burnell, M. P.</name>
                  <name>Butler, M. C.</name>
                  <name>Byrnes, A. J.</name>
                  <name>Campbell, J. P.</name>
                  <name>Chalmers, J. E.</name>
                  <name>Charlton, A. H. G.</name>
                  <name>Chesters, L. M.</name>
                  <name>Clare, J. D.</name>
                  <name>Claydon, S. C.</name>
                  <name>Clutterham, C. L.</name>
                  <name>Coffey, R. K.</name>
                  <name>Coker, E. A.</name>
                  <name>Collins, J. M.</name>
                  <name>Comer, E. L.</name>
                  <name>Conroy, P. M.</name>
                  <name>Cook, K. M. G.</name>
                  <name>Cook, P. A.</name>
                  <name>Doyle, M. J. J.</name>
                  <name>Dreyfus, M. A.</name>
                  <name>Elliot, M. J.</name>
                  <name>Fernando, C. J.</name>
                  <name>France, A. A.</name>
                  <name>Freelander, M. R.</name>
                  <name>French, T. A.</name>
                  <name>Garland, C. M. L.</name>
                  <name>Gee, A. R.</name>
                  <name>Georganas, S.</name>
                  <name>Giles, A. J.</name>
                  <name>Gorman, P. P.</name>
                  <name>Gosling, L. J.</name>
                  <name>Gregg, M. J.</name>
                  <name>Haines, H. M.</name>
                  <name>Hill, J. C.</name>
                  <name>Holzberger, R. A. V.</name>
                  <name>Husic, E. N.</name>
                  <name>Jarrett, M. L.</name>
                  <name>Jordan-Baird, M. A. M.</name>
                  <name>Kearney, G. M.</name>
                  <name>Keogh, M. J.</name>
                  <name>Khalil, P.</name>
                  <name>King, C. F.</name>
                  <name>King, M. M. H.</name>
                  <name>Lawrence, T. N.</name>
                  <name>Laxale, J. A. A.</name>
                  <name>Le, D. T.</name>
                  <name>Leigh, A. K.</name>
                  <name>Lim, S. B. C.</name>
                  <name>Marles, R. D.</name>
                  <name>Mascarenhas, Z. F. A.</name>
                  <name>McBain, K. L.</name>
                  <name>McBride, E. M.</name>
                  <name>Miller-Frost, L. J.</name>
                  <name>Mitchell, R. G.</name>
                  <name>Moncrieff, D. S.</name>
                  <name>Mulino, D.</name>
                  <name>Ng, G. J.</name>
                  <name>O'Neil, C. E.</name>
                  <name>Phillips, F. E.</name>
                  <name>Plibersek, T. J.</name>
                  <name>Rae, S. T.</name>
                  <name>Repacholi, D. P.</name>
                  <name>Rishworth, A. L.</name>
                  <name>Roberts, T. G.</name>
                  <name>Rowland, M. A.</name>
                  <name>Ryan, J. C.</name>
                  <name>Ryan, M. M.</name>
                  <name>Scrymgour, M. R.</name>
                  <name>Sitou, S.</name>
                  <name>Smith, D. P. B. (Teller)</name>
                  <name>Smith, M. J. H.</name>
                  <name>Soon, X.</name>
                  <name>Stanley, A. M. (Teller)</name>
                  <name>Steggall, Z.</name>
                  <name>Swanson, M. J.</name>
                  <name>Teesdale, J. A.</name>
                  <name>Templeman, S. R.</name>
                  <name>Thistlethwaite, M. J.</name>
                  <name>Thwaites, K. L.</name>
                  <name>Urquhart, A. E.</name>
                  <name>Watson-Brown, E.</name>
                  <name>Watts, T. G.</name>
                  <name>Wells, A. S.</name>
                  <name>Wilkie, A. D.</name>
                  <name>Wilson, J. H.</name>
                  <name>Witty, S. J.</name>
                  <name>Zappia, A.</name>
                </names>
              </noes>
              <pairs>
                <num.votes>0</num.votes>
                <title>PAIRS</title>
                <names />
              </pairs>
            </division.data>
            <division.result>
              <body>
                <p class="HPS-DivisionFooter">Question negatived. </p>
              </body>
            </division.result>
          </division><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>18:15</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">The SPEAKER</name>
    <name.id>53517</name.id>
    <electorate></electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>The question is that the bill be read a second time.</para>
<para> </para>
</speech>
<division>
            <division.header>
              <body>
                <p class="HPS-DivisionPreamble">The House divided. [18:15]<br />(The Speaker—Hon. Milton Dick) </p>
              </body>
            </division.header>
            <division.data>
              <ayes>
                <num.votes>95</num.votes>
                <title>AYES</title>
                <names>
                  <name>Abdo, B. J.</name>
                  <name>Aly, A.</name>
                  <name>Ambihaipahar, A.</name>
                  <name>Belyea, J. A.</name>
                  <name>Berry, C. G.</name>
                  <name>Boele, N.</name>
                  <name>Bowen, C. E.</name>
                  <name>Briskey, J. L.</name>
                  <name>Burke, A. S.</name>
                  <name>Burnell, M. P.</name>
                  <name>Butler, M. C.</name>
                  <name>Byrnes, A. J.</name>
                  <name>Campbell, J. P.</name>
                  <name>Chalmers, J. E.</name>
                  <name>Charlton, A. H. G.</name>
                  <name>Chesters, L. M.</name>
                  <name>Clare, J. D.</name>
                  <name>Claydon, S. C.</name>
                  <name>Clutterham, C. L.</name>
                  <name>Coffey, R. K.</name>
                  <name>Coker, E. A.</name>
                  <name>Collins, J. M.</name>
                  <name>Comer, E. L.</name>
                  <name>Conroy, P. M.</name>
                  <name>Cook, K. M. G.</name>
                  <name>Cook, P. A.</name>
                  <name>Doyle, M. J. J.</name>
                  <name>Dreyfus, M. A.</name>
                  <name>Elliot, M. J.</name>
                  <name>Fernando, C. J.</name>
                  <name>France, A. A.</name>
                  <name>Freelander, M. R.</name>
                  <name>French, T. A.</name>
                  <name>Garland, C. M. L.</name>
                  <name>Gee, A. R.</name>
                  <name>Georganas, S.</name>
                  <name>Giles, A. J.</name>
                  <name>Gorman, P. P.</name>
                  <name>Gosling, L. J.</name>
                  <name>Gregg, M. J.</name>
                  <name>Haines, H. M.</name>
                  <name>Hill, J. C.</name>
                  <name>Holzberger, R. A. V.</name>
                  <name>Husic, E. N.</name>
                  <name>Jarrett, M. L.</name>
                  <name>Jordan-Baird, M. A. M.</name>
                  <name>Kearney, G. M.</name>
                  <name>Keogh, M. J.</name>
                  <name>Khalil, P.</name>
                  <name>King, C. F.</name>
                  <name>King, M. M. H.</name>
                  <name>Lawrence, T. N.</name>
                  <name>Laxale, J. A. A.</name>
                  <name>Le, D. T.</name>
                  <name>Leigh, A. K.</name>
                  <name>Lim, S. B. C.</name>
                  <name>Marles, R. D.</name>
                  <name>Mascarenhas, Z. F. A.</name>
                  <name>McBain, K. L.</name>
                  <name>McBride, E. M.</name>
                  <name>Miller-Frost, L. J.</name>
                  <name>Mitchell, R. G.</name>
                  <name>Moncrieff, D. S.</name>
                  <name>Mulino, D.</name>
                  <name>Ng, G. J.</name>
                  <name>O'Neil, C. E.</name>
                  <name>Phillips, F. E.</name>
                  <name>Plibersek, T. J.</name>
                  <name>Rae, S. T.</name>
                  <name>Rishworth, A. L.</name>
                  <name>Roberts, T. G.</name>
                  <name>Rowland, M. A.</name>
                  <name>Ryan, J. C.</name>
                  <name>Ryan, M. M.</name>
                  <name>Scamps, S. A.</name>
                  <name>Scrymgour, M. R.</name>
                  <name>Sitou, S.</name>
                  <name>Smith, D. P. B. (Teller)</name>
                  <name>Smith, M. J. H.</name>
                  <name>Soon, X.</name>
                  <name>Spender, A. M.</name>
                  <name>Stanley, A. M. (Teller)</name>
                  <name>Steggall, Z.</name>
                  <name>Swanson, M. J.</name>
                  <name>Teesdale, J. A.</name>
                  <name>Templeman, S. R.</name>
                  <name>Thistlethwaite, M. J.</name>
                  <name>Thwaites, K. L.</name>
                  <name>Urquhart, A. E.</name>
                  <name>Watts, T. G.</name>
                  <name>Wells, A. S.</name>
                  <name>Wilkie, A. D.</name>
                  <name>Wilson, J. H.</name>
                  <name>Witty, S. J.</name>
                  <name>Zappia, A.</name>
                </names>
              </ayes>
              <noes>
                <num.votes>39</num.votes>
                <title>NOES</title>
                <names>
                  <name>Aldred, M. R.</name>
                  <name>Batt, D. J.</name>
                  <name>Bell, A. M.</name>
                  <name>Birrell, S. J.</name>
                  <name>Boyce, C. E.</name>
                  <name>Buchholz, S.</name>
                  <name>Caldwell, C. M.</name>
                  <name>Chaffey, J. L.</name>
                  <name>Chaney, K. E.</name>
                  <name>Chester, D. J.</name>
                  <name>Conaghan, P. J.</name>
                  <name>Hamilton, G. R.</name>
                  <name>Hastie, A. W.</name>
                  <name>Hawke, A. G.</name>
                  <name>Hogan, K. J.</name>
                  <name>Joyce, B. T. G.</name>
                  <name>Kennedy, S. P.</name>
                  <name>Landry, M. L. (Teller)</name>
                  <name>Leeser, J.</name>
                  <name>McCormack, M. F.</name>
                  <name>McIntosh, M. I.</name>
                  <name>McKenzie, Z. A.</name>
                  <name>Pasin, A.</name>
                  <name>Penfold, A. L.</name>
                  <name>Pike, H. J. (Teller)</name>
                  <name>Price, M. L.</name>
                  <name>Rebello, L. S.</name>
                  <name>Small, B. J.</name>
                  <name>Taylor, A. J.</name>
                  <name>Thompson, P.</name>
                  <name>Venning, T. H.</name>
                  <name>Violi, A. A.</name>
                  <name>Wallace, A. B.</name>
                  <name>Webster, A. E.</name>
                  <name>Willcox, A. J.</name>
                  <name>Wilson, R. J.</name>
                  <name>Wilson, T. R.</name>
                  <name>Wood, J. P.</name>
                  <name>Young, T. J.</name>
                </names>
              </noes>
              <pairs>
                <num.votes>0</num.votes>
                <title>PAIRS</title>
                <names />
              </pairs>
            </division.data>
            <division.result>
              <body>
                <p class="HPS-DivisionFooter">Question agreed to. <br />Bill read a second time.<br />Message from the Governor-General recommending appropriation announced.</p>
              </body>
            </division.result>
          </division></subdebate.2></subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Universities Accord (Australian Tertiary Education Commission) Bill 2025</title>
          <page.no>203</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><subdebate.text>
          <body background="" style="" xmlns:w="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/wordprocessingml/2006/main" xmlns:a="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/drawingml/2006/main" xmlns:o="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" xmlns:v="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:vml" xmlns:wx="http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/word/2003/auxHint" xmlns:aml="http://schemas.microsoft.com/aml/2001/core" xmlns:pic="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/drawingml/2006/picture" xmlns:w10="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:word" xmlns:wp="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/drawingml/2006/wordprocessingDrawing" xmlns:r="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/officeDocument/2006/relationships">
            <a href="r7407" type="Bill">
              <p class="HPS-SubDebate" style="direction:ltr;unicode-bidi:normal;">
                <span class="HPS-SubDebate">Universities Accord (Australian Tertiary Education Commission) Bill 2025</span>
              </p>
            </a>
          </body>
        </subdebate.text><subdebate.2><subdebateinfo>
            <title>Consideration in Detail</title>
            <page.no>203</page.no>
          </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>18:21</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms CHANEY</name>
    <name.id>300006</name.id>
    <electorate>Curtin</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>by leave—I move amendments (1) to (7) and (9) to (24), as circulated in my name, together:</para>
<para>(1) Clause 2, page 2 (table item 1), omit the table item, substitute:</para>
<para>(2) Clause 5, page 4 (line 5), omit "the", substitute "a".</para>
<para>(3) Clause 5, page 4 (line 8), omit "the", substitute "a".</para>
<para>(4) Clause 9, page 8 (line 10), omit paragraph (c), substitute:</para>
<para>(c) 3 Commissioners.</para>
<para>(5) Clause 11, page 8 (line 27), omit "if requested by the Minister".</para>
<para>(6) Clause 11, page 9 (after line 2), after paragraph (c), insert:</para>
<para>(ca) to prepare reports, and provide advice and recommendations to the Minister, the Research Minister and the Science Minister, in relation to research and research training in higher education system and its interactions with the broader research and development system;</para>
<para>(7) Clause 11, page 9 (line 4), omit "if requested by the Minister".</para>
<para>(9) Clause 11, page 9 (after line 14), after subparagraph (d)(ii), insert:</para>
<para>(iia) the funding of research and research training; and</para>
<para>(10) Clause 20, page 13 (lines 9 to 12), omit the clause, substitute:</para>
<para>20 Commissioner</para>
<para>There are to be 3 Commissioners.</para>
<para>(11) Heading to clause 21, page 13 (line 13), omit " the Commissioner ", substitute " a Commissioner ".</para>
<para>(12) Clause 22, page 14 (after line 11), at the end of the clause, add:</para>
<para>(4) The Secretary and the ATEC must enter into an enforceable agreement specifying minimum staffing levels and standards.</para>
<para>(13) Clause 41, page 27 (after line 17), after paragraph (d), insert:</para>
<para>(da) the funding of research and research training, including indirect costs of research grants and support for research students;</para>
<para>(14) Clause 41, page 28 (after line 25), at the end of the clause, add:</para>
<para class="italic"> <inline font-style="italic">Work initiated by the ATEC</inline></para>
<para>(4) Within the scope of the ATEC's work plan specified in section 45, the ATEC may initiate its own research and analysis and publish reports, advice and recommendations in relation to the items listed in subsections (1) and (2).</para>
<para>(15) Clause 42, page 29 (after line 18), after paragraph (d), insert:</para>
<para>(da) the contribution of higher education in progress towards any research, development, innovation or science priorities and targets set by the Commonwealth;</para>
<para>(16) Clause 42, page 30 (after line 12), at the end of the clause, add:</para>
<para>(6) To avoid doubt, a report is not prepared at the request of the Minister.</para>
<para>(17) Heading to clause 58, page 41 (line 1), omit " the Commissioner ", substitute " Commissioners ".</para>
<para>(18) Clause 58, page 41 (line 3), omit "The Commissioner", substitute "A Commissioner".</para>
<para>(19) Clause 58, page 41 (line 7), omit "the Commissioner", substitute "a Commissioner".</para>
<para>(20) Clause 58, page 41 (line 23), omit "The Commissioner", substitute "A Commissioner".</para>
<para>(21) Clause 59, page 42 (line 1), omit subparagraph (a)(i), substitute:</para>
<para>(i) higher education (including research and research training);</para>
<para>(22) Clause 61, page 44 (lines 2 to 11), omit the clause, substitute:</para>
<para>61 Remuneration</para>
<para>(1) An ATEC Commissioner is to be paid, by the Commonwealth, the remuneration that is determined by the Remuneration Tribunal. If no determination of that remuneration by the Tribunal is in operation, an ATEC Commissioner is to be paid, by the Commonwealth, the remuneration that is prescribed by the regulations.</para>
<para>(2) An ATEC Commissioner is to be paid, by the Commonwealth, the allowances that are prescribed by the regulations.</para>
<para>(3) Subsections 7(9) and (13) of the <inline font-style="italic">Remuneration Tribunal Act 1973</inline> do not apply in relation to the office of ATEC Commissioner.</para>
<para>Note: The effect of this subsection is that remuneration or allowances of an ATEC Commissioner will be paid out of money appropriated by an Act other than the <inline font-style="italic">Remuneration Tribunal Act 1973</inline> .</para>
<para>(4) This section has effect subject to the <inline font-style="italic"> Remuneration Tribunal Act 1973</inline> (except as provided by subsection (3)).</para>
<para>(23) Heading to clause 69, page 47 (line 12), omit " Ministerial agreement ", substitute " Consultation with Minister ".</para>
<para>(24) Clause 69, page 47 (lines 15 and 16), omit "seek and obtain the agreement of the Minister", substitute "consult with the Minister".</para>
<para>Having consulted with universities and considered the 62 submissions to the committee inquiry, I've drafted these amendments to achieve three key outcomes.</para>
<para>The first outcome would be to provide ATEC with autonomy and independence, as recommended by the <inline font-style="italic">Australian </inline><inline font-style="italic">U</inline><inline font-style="italic">niversities </inline><inline font-style="italic">A</inline><inline font-style="italic">ccor</inline><inline font-style="italic">d—</inline><inline font-style="italic">f</inline><inline font-style="italic">inal </inline><inline font-style="italic">r</inline><inline font-style="italic">eport</inline> and a wide range of stakeholders. ATEC should have the ability to initiate and publish advice and recommendations on its own initiative rather than solely at the request of the minister, which is how it's currently drafted. Without this independence and autonomy, ATEC won't be able to provide long-term well-evidenced policy advice. Much of the most important policy reforms may not be politically palatable, like reforming the failed job-ready graduates scheme. Without this independence and autonomy, ATEC will not have the opportunity to regularly advise on these issues. As drafted, it appears that ATEC will effectively be an extension of the department, providing advice on the request of the minister. ATEC only has one opportunity a year to provide advice that's not requested by the minister, in the <inline font-style="italic">S</inline><inline font-style="italic">tate of the tertiary education system</inline> report, and that's not enough. My amendments would allow ATEC to initiate its own research and advisory functions, allow ATEC to publish reports with ministerial consultation, rather than ministerial agreement, and clarify that the <inline font-style="italic">State of the tertiary education system report</inline> can be prepared and published without the request of the minister. Further, ATEC should have some level of control and certainty over staffing arrangements. As drafted, staffing would be almost exclusively controlled by the department. This means that the department could, if it so wished, limit ATEC staff and effectively drain it of resources. One of these amendments would require ATEC and the department to enter into an enforceable agreement that would specify minimum staffing levels and standards, providing a level of certainty to ATEC.</para>
<para>The second outcome I'm trying to achieve with my amendments is to increase the number of commissioners. As drafted, there's significant concern that three commissioners will be insufficient to provide expertise across a diverse range of fields and areas, such as higher education, VET, tertiary education governance and administration, stakeholder consultation and engagement, regional Australia, research and research training, equity and access, and learning and teaching. The universities accord final report, for example, recommended seven commissioners. My amendments would increase the number of commissioners from three to five, remedying this issue.</para>
<para>The third intended outcome of these amendments is to make explicit the role of ATEC as a steward of the research sector. This, too, was recommended by the final report of the universities accord and a number of key stakeholders. Research is essential to Australia's long-term productivity, economic strength and international competitiveness, and the higher education sector plays a major role in Australia's research output. My amendments would allow ATEC to prepare reports and advice in relation to research and research training and ensure that the commissioners collectively possess experience in research and research training.</para>
<para>I'll also be supporting an amendment to be moved by the member for Kooyong in relation to student contributions. One of ATEC's functions is to provide advice on the efficient cost and value of higher education courses and programs. However, as drafted, ATEC could only consider Commonwealth contributions, not student contributions. In other words, when assessing how much courses cost, ATEC wouldn't even consider how much students are paying. Both Commonwealth and student contributions must be considered in analysing the cost, value and efficiency of higher education courses and programs, and the member for Kooyong's amendment will ensure student contributions will be considered as well.</para>
<para>I understand from the government that it will not support these amendments because it doesn't want to pre-empt the outcomes of a committee inquiry. We in the House also do not want to pre-empt the inquiry, but, unfortunately, the government gives us no choice, as it would prefer to push the bill through the House before the committee reports. While I do not believe this bill should pass as drafted, I think there's an opportunity to introduce amendments to build an impactful and effective ATEC. I want to acknowledge the genuine engagement of the minister with my office and with the sector more broadly and his passion for implementing the universities accord and building a flourishing higher education sector. I thank the minister for his comments in the House and for saying that he'll consider my amendments alongside the Senate inquiry report. I will not divide the House on these amendments. If the bill comes back to the House in an improved form in line with the accord recommendations and taking these amendments into account, I'll reconsider supporting it at that stage. I commend these amendments to the House.</para>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>18:26</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr CLARE</name>
    <name.id>HWL</name.id>
    <electorate>Blaxland</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I thank the member for Curtin for her engagement on this bill and for her amendments. I acknowledge, like she has generously done, her sincere interest in this area of public policy and particularly her desire to make sure that this commission that we're seeking to establish, the ATEC, is strong and independent and has the scope and capacity to do this important work. I share that intent. Therefore, I give you the undertaking publicly, as I did in my concluding remarks in the debate and as I've said privately, that I'll consider these amendments alongside the Senate report. We're expecting to receive that report on 27 February or thereabouts, and there's a Senate hearing that will take place later this week, which will provide an opportunity for many of the people that you've mentioned to provide evidence. I do sincerely look forward to seeing that report as well. Therefore, as I've said, the government is not in a position now to support these amendments, but I do look forward to working closely with you and with other members as debate proceeds in the Senate.</para>
<para>Question negatived.</para>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>18:28</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr LEESER</name>
    <name.id>109556</name.id>
    <electorate>Berowra</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I move the opposition amendment:</para>
<quote><para class="block">(1)    Clause 13, page 10 (lines 19 to 23), omit subclause (1), substitute:</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(1) The <inline font-style="italic">National Tertiary Education Objective</inline> is the objective for tertiary education in Australia to:</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(a) develop a world-class tertiary education sector that drives excellence in teaching and learning; and</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(b) deliver world-leading research and scholarship, particularly in strategic areas of national significance; and</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(c) improve productivity by developing a highly skilled, adaptable and productive workforce; and</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(d) establish close links between tertiary education providers, industry and business to strengthen student outcomes and support innovation across the economy; and</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(e) deliver positive student experiences across the tertiary education sector; and</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(f) promote competition and innovation across the tertiary education sector; and</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(g) support Australian values, including equality of opportunity, the rule of law, and Western liberal democratic traditions; and</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(h) drive efficiency across the sector to provide value for money for students and the Australian taxpayer; and</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(i) reduce regulatory burdens on the tertiary education sector where practicable.</para></quote>
<para>As I said in my contribution to the second reading debate, if we're going to have a legislated objective for tertiary education in Australia, it can't be the version that's currently in the legislation. It's worth revisiting what that objective actually does, because it has to be said that it will be an iron rod that gives guidance to the new regulator. What does the objective say? The legislation says this:</para>
<quote><para class="block">(1) The National Tertiary Education Objective is the objective for tertiary education in Australia to:</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(a) promote a strong, equitable and resilient democracy; and</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(b) drive national, economic and social development and environmental sustainability.</para></quote>
<para>Then, if that weren't clear enough, the legislation goes on to say:</para>
<quote><para class="block">(2) In performing functions or exercising powers, the ATEC and the ATEC Commissioners must have regard to the National Tertiary Education Objective.</para></quote>
<para>It's explicit. This is a requirement of this new legislation. It guarantees that, in circumstances where it would otherwise be irrelevant, the ATEC must be thinking about social development—whatever that means—and environmental sustainability.</para>
<para>Let me just digress for a minute to explain why this is the case. As the minister knows and as I know and as everyone else in this place knows, it's a basic principle of administrative law that, in making a decision, a body like ATEC must have regard to relevant considerations and must not have regard to irrelevant considerations. Failing to do this means your decision is liable to be overturned on judicial review. If you're a regulator making the decision, it's a matter that's relevant. You must take it into account. And, if it's not relevant, you must not take it into account. That's common sense, and it's also the current law.</para>
<para>So when you pass a provision like section 13 as it's currently drafted, you make sure that deeply political but otherwise irrelevant considerations like social development and environmental sustainability must affect every decision ATEC makes. You're opening yourself up to every green lawfare activist who wants to challenge a decision about a provider in the courts because it doesn't adequately deal with climate change or the latest progressive social trend. You can imagine how, when ATEC goes to enter into a mission based compact with the University of Sydney or University of Melbourne, an issue motivated protest group might be interested in challenging you. Well, this objective is their green light. It guarantees that those considerations will be taken into account where they are otherwise irrelevant, and it makes it just that little bit easier to challenge an ATEC decision on activist grounds.</para>
<para>That, in and of itself, is bad enough. Worse than that, I think the objective misses the obvious. It fails to set things that are and should be relevant to decisions about tertiary education in this country—things like teaching, learning, research, scholarship, productivity, positive student experiences, competition and innovation across the sector, Australian values, efficiency, value for money both for the taxpayer and the student, and the reduction of regulatory burdens. Those are the things that the regulator should be taking into account when making every decision about our tertiary sector. Those are the things that you'd expect and hope to see.</para>
<para>As I said before, it's not just me saying this, and it's not just the Liberal Party. Even bodies like the NTEU—no great ally of the Liberal Party—have said this. They say:</para>
<quote><para class="block">The NTEU believes that this objective does not adequately address the character, nature and purpose of higher education; it makes no reference, for example, to the importance of critical inquiry, academic discovery and discourse, institutional independence or even to academic freedom. Instead, the objectives seek to define tertiary education as part of broader Government policy and could apply to virtually any sector.</para></quote>
<para>It's very strange when the coalition and the NTEU find agreement on something, but when they do, I think it should be a red flag that says, 'Perhaps the objective is not right as it is.'</para>
<para>It's not an excuse to say that this objective was the recommendation of the Universities Accord. That shouldn't bind governments. It's for governments to consider the recommendation, to weigh up the justifications, pros, cons and implications. In deciding to write it into legislation, this is an active policy decision by the government. Once it's in the legislation, it's there; they own it.</para>
<para>As I've said, the national tertiary education objective, as drafted, is not fit to proceed. Amending it should be a necessary but not sufficient consideration for legislating anything like an ATEC. So this amendment changes it. It's a simple and straightforward amendment, and I'd like to think it's uncontroversial. It says that the objective of tertiary education in Australia is exactly what you'd expect it to be: teaching, learning, research, scholarship, productivity, positive student experiences, competition, innovation, efficiency, value for money and support for Australian values. I want to acknowledge the contribution of the member for Wentworth, who has improved this by the addition of what now reads as paragraph (d) in the amendment that we've put forward, and I thank her for the contribution that she's made.</para>
<para>If the government does not support this amendment, they'll be sending a very clear message. They'll be prioritising misplaced pride over substance. They'll be voting against teaching, against learning, against research and against support for Australian values. <inline font-style="italic">(Extension of time granted, on the motion of Mr Leeser)</inline> Instead, what we would like to see them do is support the amendment. I noted in the minister's comments that he wasn't going to support the amendments of the crossbench, but perhaps he will support the very fine amendment here proposed by the opposition with the assistance of the member for Wentworth. We want to see a national tertiary education objective, if it is to be legislated, that Australians would readily recognise as being an appropriate national tertiary education objective, and that's what this amendment is designed to do. I commend the amendment to the House.</para>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>18:34</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms SPENDER</name>
    <name.id>286042</name.id>
    <electorate>Wentworth</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I support the amendment put forward by the member for Berowra in relation to the Universities Accord (Australian Tertiary Education Commission) Bill 2025. I think the point that the member just made is a fair one. The objectives of the body should reflect what ordinary people see as the role of universities. I think they are pretty well reflected in ways that I think most people would understand. I think that is appropriate. I don't think it's in conflict with anything that the government is seeking to achieve, but I think it is adding to it in a useful and constructive way.</para>
<para>A point that I added—and I'm grateful to the member for being open to the addition—was particularly around the linkages between business and industry and universities. I think that this is a part of the tertiary sector more broadly that can be much, much better. I am thinking particularly of two aspects of that. One is better preparing our young people for work by driving that connection between business and universities and the working world—not just business but also the non-market sector—because when our students go into the world of work, which is increasingly competitive and where we are seeing young people struggling to get on that first rung on the ladder, we need to do the best we possibly can so that they are well prepared. That, I think, supports that connection.</para>
<para>The other part of deepening those connections that I think is really critical is ensuring that the wonderful research of our tertiary institutions, which is in many cases is absolutely world-leading, is then translated into productivity and innovation outcomes in industry and the wider economy. Again, I think seeing how other countries in the world do this and doing this much more effectively are ways that this can be strengthened, and I think those should be clearer objectives of the sector to really drive those connections.</para>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>18:36</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr CLARE</name>
    <name.id>HWL</name.id>
    <electorate>Blaxland</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I'm sorry to disappoint the member for Berowra and the member for Wentworth, two individuals in this chamber that I hold in very high regard. I thank you for your thoughtful contributions in this debate. The national tertiary education objectives in the bill were recommended, as the shadow minister pointed out, by the Universities Accord Panel. It's actually recommendation 1 of the accord—to set a clear vision for the tertiary education system. It's an objective for the whole system and the role that it must play to support Australia's resilience, fairness and prosperity. The changes proposed in this amendment appear to set an objective for the ATEC itself rather than for the system, and the government is not in a position to support this amendment.</para>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">The DEPUTY SPEAKER</name>
    <name.id>265979</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>The question is that the amendment be agreed to. A division is required. In accordance with standing order 133, the division is deferred until the first opportunity on the next sitting day. The debate on this item is therefore adjourned until that time.</para>
</interjection>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>18:37</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Dr RYAN</name>
    <name.id>297660</name.id>
    <electorate>Kooyong</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I move amendment (1) as circulated in my name:</para>
<quote><para class="block">(1) Clause 11, page 9 (line 13), after "Commonwealth", insert "and student".</para></quote>
<para>This amendment to the Universities Accord (Australian Tertiary Education Commission) Bill 2025 is about one thing: it's about ensuring fairness for students in our higher education system. Today, for many young Australians, university education has become a narrow and expensive pathway. Students are being burdened with rising fees, growing debts and a funding structure that fails to reflect the realities that they face. My amendment takes steps towards recognising those issues.</para>
<para>The government says that it wants a tertiary education commission able to drive long-term reform, but the bill before the House creates a commission that cannot speak for or investigate the plight of students unless it's politically convenient to the government of the day. Under this bill, the commission is empowered to examine what the Commonwealth contributes to higher education, but it's prevented from looking at what students themselves are charged. It's extraordinary that the government has drafted a bill that gives the future steward of Australia's tertiary education sector the power to review and advise on what comes out of the Commonwealth purse but pays no mind to the financial burden on students.</para>
<para>The government's omission is not accidental; it's deliberate. That omission significantly weakens the commission's ability to provide the honest and robust advice that the government needs to hear. Many submissions on this bill from higher education experts and from within the university sector have raised the alarm that the legislation fails in this respect. I know that the minister has heard these calls, but he continues to ignore them.</para>
<para>After years of expensive university degrees, it's irresponsible, in my view, to legislate a new national steward that is deliberately blind to the significant policy failure of the job-ready graduates scheme. The reality is that, because of this scheme, students are paying more than $17,000 a year for studies in disciplines like arts, the law and business. That's over $50,000 for a basic three-year degree and upwards of $80,000 for combined programs like arts/law. This is a pricing system with no coherent policy background or logic. It's neither fair nor efficient. It is simply punitive.</para>
<para>The universities accord reported that student contributions need to be fixed urgently. That was in 2024. We're now in 2026, and nothing has changed. In fact, the maximum student contributions for cluster 1 degrees, including law, accounting, economics and business are almost seven per cent higher in 2026 than they were in 2024. If the government were to tackle this issue today, it could consider reforming section 93.10 of the Higher Education Support Act 2003—this division sets the maximum student contribution price per place for disciplines as well as their indexation under the act—but the government has declined to consider this simple reform for over two years. All we have now before us is an act to establish a commission that cannot address this issue.</para>
<para>My amendment to this legislation is a simple one. It's only two words—two words which mean a huge amount to the students whose lives it would transform. The amendment seeks to remedy the ongoing and worsening burden of student debt by expanding the commission's remit to consider student contributions—two words. The sector wants it, Australian students deserve it, and our parliament should insist upon it.</para>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>18:42</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr CLARE</name>
    <name.id>HWL</name.id>
    <electorate>Blaxland</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I have two words for the member for Kooyong: thank you. Thank you for your engagement on this bill and your sincere and genuine commitment to this area of public policy. Thank you for bringing this amendment forward. Thank you for the work that you have done in this area for as long as you've been a member of parliament. As you were speaking, I was reflecting on the campaign that you led and the work that you did around the changes to indexation for HECS. That helped to create the environment for the reform that we passed through this parliament a couple of years ago now that lowered student debt by about $3 billion and helped to address the unfairness that existed with the way in which inflation interacted with student debt. So thank you. Thank you for the work that you led there.</para>
<para>And thank you for this amendment. As I've said to you in private conversations—and I'm very happy to say in the chamber here today—I will consider this amendment in the context of the debate, which we will have in the Senate once we've seen the report of the Senate Education and Employment Legislation Committee. Their inquiry is up and running right now. This is one of those areas where I'm expecting them to present recommendations to us, amongst a range of others, including perhaps some of the areas that the member for Curtin flagged in her amendments. They've got their public hearing on Friday, and we're expecting their report before parliament returns in March. And therefore, whilst I'm not in a position to insert those two words into the bill as we debate it here in the House of Representatives, I do look forward to continuing to work with the member for Kooyong as that debate occurs in the Senate next month.</para>
<para>I indicate that the government will not support this amendment that is about to be put.</para>
<para>Question negatived.</para>
<para>Debate adjourned.</para>
</speech>
</subdebate.2></subdebate.1></debate>
    <debate><debateinfo>
        <title>STATEMENTS</title>
        <page.no>208</page.no>
        <type>STATEMENTS</type>
      </debateinfo><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Personal Explanation</title>
          <page.no>208</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>18:45</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms TEMPLEMAN</name>
    <name.id>181810</name.id>
    <electorate>Macquarie</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I would like to make a personal explanation.</para>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">The DEPUTY SPEAKER</name>
    <name.id>265979</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>Please proceed.</para>
</interjection>
<continue>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">Ms TEMPLEMAN</name>
    <name.id>181810</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>In speaking after me on my private member's motion earlier today about Medicare, unfortunately, the member for Forrest claimed I had spoken about 'struggles in accessing quality health care for my family'. That was a particularly low reframing of my words and misrepresents entirely what I said. Nothing could be further from the truth. I shared with the parliament the life-threatening health challenges that my husband and mother each experienced last year and spoke of the amazing efforts of their surgeons, doctors, nurses, physios and rehab specialists, who got them to good health, and the primary care practitioners who now support them. Both my husband and my mother are alive and thriving thanks to speedy, accessible health care in our world-class system, and I would ask the member for Forrest to think twice before he maligns our health professionals or misrepresents others in this chamber.</para>
</continue>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Personal Explanation</title>
          <page.no>208</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>18:46</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Dr RYAN</name>
    <name.id>297660</name.id>
    <electorate>Kooyong</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I would like to take this opportunity to correct the record.</para>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">The DEPUTY SPEAKER</name>
    <name.id>265979</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>Please proceed.</para>
</interjection>
<continue>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">Dr RYAN</name>
    <name.id>297660</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>In my remarks made to the House during debate on a motion moved by the member for Curtin on 3 February 2026, I said:</para>
<quote><para class="block">Five months after this act of violence, we're still waiting on investigations to be completed and charges to be issued.</para></quote>
<para>While it is true that an investigation into the attack by a group of Neo-Nazis on Camp Sovereignty continues in Victoria, it is incorrect to state that charges have not been laid. I was made aware after I completed my speech that people have in fact been charged for offences relating to that incident, and I therefore wish to correct the record in that respect. Thank you for the opportunity to do so.</para>
</continue>
</speech>
</subdebate.1></debate>
    <debate><debateinfo>
        <title>BUSINESS</title>
        <page.no>208</page.no>
        <type>BUSINESS</type>
      </debateinfo><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Rearrangement</title>
          <page.no>208</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1></debate>
    <debate><debateinfo>
        <title>BILLS</title>
        <page.no>208</page.no>
        <type>BILLS</type>
      </debateinfo><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Telecommunications Amendment (Enhancing Consumer Safeguards) Bill 2025</title>
          <page.no>208</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><subdebate.text>
          <body background="" style="" xmlns:w="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/wordprocessingml/2006/main" xmlns:a="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/drawingml/2006/main" xmlns:o="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" xmlns:v="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:vml" xmlns:wx="http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/word/2003/auxHint" xmlns:aml="http://schemas.microsoft.com/aml/2001/core" xmlns:pic="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/drawingml/2006/picture" xmlns:w10="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:word" xmlns:wp="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/drawingml/2006/wordprocessingDrawing" xmlns:r="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/officeDocument/2006/relationships">
            <a href="r7317" type="Bill">
              <p class="HPS-SubDebate" style="direction:ltr;unicode-bidi:normal;">
                <span class="HPS-SubDebate">Telecommunications Amendment (Enhancing Consumer Safeguards) Bill 2025</span>
              </p>
            </a>
          </body>
        </subdebate.text><subdebate.2><subdebateinfo>
            <title>Second Reading</title>
            <page.no>208</page.no>
          </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>18:48</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms ALDRED</name>
    <name.id>11788</name.id>
    <electorate>Monash</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I rise to speak on the Telecommunications Legislation Amendment (Universal Outdoor Mobile Obligation) Bill 2025, a bill that the government says will strengthen consumer protection and ensure Australians can rely on their mobile phones when it matters most. This bill, in terms of the stated obligations presented by the government, is long overdue, and I speak from experience in my electorate of Monash, particularly the broader South Gippsland region, where residents live daily with frustrations caused by poor connectivity, unreliable reception and black spots that put lives at risk.</para>
<para>In Corinella, Waratah Bay and Walkerville, residents often go months without reliable phone access. I have constituents contact me every couple of days about a new example. Brian, from Corinella, recently contacted my office, saying:</para>
<quote><para class="block">Mary, if this keeps on going this way, someone in this town will die because they cannot call an ambulance.</para></quote>
<para>These are not isolated incidents; they are the reality for many Australians living in regional and remote areas. Wendy, from my electorate, recently wrote to me as well:</para>
<quote><para class="block">Mary, can you look into the black spot of mobile reception along the Sth Gippsland Hwy at Grassy Spur?</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">This part of the Hwy is notorious for car crashes, yet there is no reception to call for help. Prior to 3g being turned off there was only a small section of a couple of hundred metres where you had no reception.</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">It is from the bottom of the hill to the top of Foster north on the Leongatha side and kilometres long.</para></quote>
<para>This is the reality for residents in my electorate of Monash and residents who live in regional communities right across our country. This is the reality of regional communications under this federal Labor government. We're in Labor's no-care zone when it comes to digital connectivity.</para>
<para>During the election, Sussan Ley joined me in Korumburra to announce support for addressing mobile black spots across South Gippsland, West Gippsland and the Bass Coast, which is a key issue for our region. I was pleased to be able to announce a $3 million commitment to address specific mobile black spot eradication across the Monash electorate that the coalition would support, and I commit myself to working every day in this place to deliver on mobile black spot eradication and better regional connectivity for all Australians. The focus of this funding that was announced was on improving connectivity in areas, like Korumburra, where we have frequent service dropouts, particularly on the road to Leongatha. I want to give a shout-out to the local florist in Korumburra, who spoke with Sussan Ley and me about some of the issues that she had servicing customers and making sure there were secure and reliable phone connections in her business.</para>
<para>I've consistently raised this issue because, under the current Albanese Labor government, digital connectivity and mobile phone reception are not being addressed significantly. In fact, we're seeing a widening of the gap in digital infrastructure between metropolitan and regional areas. I was pleased that the initiative aimed to support local businesses and farmers, such as those in Korumburra, who struggle with unreliable phone and internet coverage, which really does impact on their day-to-day operations.</para>
<para>These challenges go beyond just my community. The 2024 Regional Telecommunications Review and data from the Regional Australia Institute shows that regional, rural and remote communities are falling behind in digital connectivity, with the digital divide widening as technology advances. I'll repeat that: the gap between those in our cities and metropolitan areas and those in regional communities, who I represent, is widening. Their access to adequate technology and services is getting worse, not better. I'll give some examples of these deficiencies.</para>
<para>While urban areas are able to access high-speed, reliable and affordable internet, regional and remote communities are struggling with service quality, reliability and affordability. A 2024 OECD report confirmed that connectivity gaps between urban and rural areas are increasing. Absolute chaos ensued after the 3G shutdown in 2024, of course, and many regional users of the 3G network were significantly impacted. Some of those communities were left without coverage or forced to rely on expensive and often unreliable alternatives.</para>
<para>We've also seen, according to a number of reports, an increasing trend of complaints. For example, between 2021 and 2024, the Telecommunications Industry Ombudsman received over 51,000 complaints from regional consumers regarding poor service, outages and unreliable connections. There's also been an increased gap for remote and rural communities. In 2022, the Digital Inclusion Index found a 12-point gap in digital inclusion between major cities and very remote areas, with the gap in access being as high as 18.2 points.</para>
<para>There's an infrastructure strain as well. The sea change and tree change migration trend that we've seen through COVID to many regional and peri-urban communities like mine has put additional pressure on existing, already weak regional infrastructure. Whether it's telecommunications or housing, we see this a lot. State Labor governments are asking regional communities and peri-urban communities to host additional infrastructure, but they are not supporting those communities with increased investment in infrastructure. That infrastructure is not keeping pace with new population and additional demand.</para>
<para>In the last seven months, I've had nearly 50 people contact me about mobile black spots and connectivity issues. These are local residents, small businesses and emergency service providers, and they all tell me the same thing: we've got to improve connectivity to regional communities. Peter from my electorate reached out regarding his two elderly parents, who were among 24 residents in Buffalo left without a landline for over a month. I'll repeat that. Peter's two elderly parents in Buffalo were left without a landline for over a month. That is not good enough and that is not acceptable, but that is the reality under the Albanese federal Labor government. They're real people in real communities facing real risks—particularly in an emergency or accident—because of the gaps in our telecommunications infrastructure, and this is getting worse. It is not improving.</para>
<para>I'm proud to represent a region that grows, makes and manufactures things the rest of Australia relies on. When our region succeeds, the rest of Victoria does very well, and Australia looks to us to provide those first-class products. I looked at an analysis of digital intensity requirements for our food and fibre sector right across the Gippsland region, because that sector will rely increasingly on digital services over the next three to five years. As their technology advances and changes, as they tap into new markets and as they adopt different ways of doing things, they need affordable, reliable and modern technology infrastructure.</para>
<para>They've got to be able to do that to provide those products to the rest of our state and across Australia. But we are, of course, a net exporter of everything that we grow, make and manufacture in this country, so, to be able to remain competitive across the globe and to be able to keep living up to that great reputation Australia has as a maker, grower and producer of very fine things, farmers, small businesses and manufacturers in my electorate of Monash desperately need better digital connectivity. I looked at a couple of things that will form part of the key primary production drivers in the region over the next couple of years, and already it's a pretty stark finding. A hundred per cent have a major supply shortfall in fixed access broadband services for business users, and 60 per cent have intermediate supply shortfall for LPWAN supported services. For these reasons, Committee for Gippsland—I used to very proudly serve as its CEO—has done some excellent work on digital connectivity across the region.</para>
<para>I want to commend the Gippsland Local Government Network and those individual local government organisations, like Baw Baw Shire, City of Latrobe, South Gippsland Shire and Bass Coast Shire, who have worked very hard to map, plan and prioritise those digital connectivity needs. They've been able to prioritise a number of those areas for the next round of the Mobile Black Spot Program, the Regional Connectivity Program and the Connecting Victoria program.</para>
<para>This bill, along with the Telecommunications Amendment (Enhancing Consumer Safeguards) Bill 2025, seeks to provide critical reforms that will help prevent situations where consumers are put at risk or are not able to access the services that they need and should be able to rely on. The bill says it will create a register of all carriage service providers, giving ACMA full visibility of operators in the Australian market. It says it'll make compliance with industry codes mandatory and enforceable without the delays of the current two-step warning process. This is a good thing. If you can have light-handed, industry-led regulation, that's a great outcome, but not in all cases is that achievable. Making that a mandatory and enforceable industry code is a step in the right direction. Requiring providers to report cybersecurity incidents and take swift remedial action is an important reform, particularly in the age we live in, where a growing number of cybersecurity related breaches and threats posed to consumers, small businesses and lots of companies across the board that deal with sensitive consumer data is important. This bill says it will seek to increase penalties for breaches from $250,000 to $10 million, with the possibility of even higher fines based on the provider's turnover or benefit obtained from the breach.</para>
<para>These measures are important because, for too long, compliance with industry codes has been seen as voluntary or a bit optional, even where those breaches affect people's safety. A good example is the emergency call database rules. These require providers to maintain accurate telephone numbers and addresses so that when a person calls triple zero—and we've seen multiple failures in that area under this government—emergency services arrive at the correct location the first time. You can't take a set-and-forget approach. In 2024, ACMA issued seven notices for breaches of these rules, but, under the two-step system, no financial penalties were applied immediately. People's lives literally depend on these rules being enforced and adhered to, and it's good to see tougher compliance being presented.</para>
<para>Another example is phone scams. In 2024 alone, Australians lost over $107 million to scam calls and messages. ACMA issued 10 directions to comply with the Reducing Scam Calls and SMS Code, but the two-step process delayed enforcement. This bill removes that delay, enabling ACMA to take immediate action to protect consumers.</para>
<para>The bill also strengthens ACMA's powers to monitor and enforce compliance across the sector similar to how the energy sector regulates its operators. Providers who pose a risk to consumers can now have their registration cancelled. Telecommunications companies will be required to report those cybersecurity incidents and to swiftly mitigate them.</para>
<para>One of the most important things I want to see prioritised under this federal government is better, more secure access by consumers in regional and rural communities for digital connectivity. They've been ignored for too long. They deserve far better, and I'll continue to fight for their access to improved digital connectivity and mobile black spot eradication.</para>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>19:03</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms CAMPBELL</name>
    <name.id>312823</name.id>
    <electorate>Moreton</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>In 2025, Optus agreed to a fine of $100 million for engaging in unconscionable conduct with consumers—conduct that included selling telecommunications goods and services that consumers did not want, that consumers did not need, that consumers could not use and that consumers could not afford. In some cases, this included selling products where there was no Optus coverage. If we've learnt one thing, if we know one thing to be true, it is that, in this country, when you pick up the phone there is an expectation—a reasonable one—that you can get through.</para>
<para>The Australian Competition and Consumer Commission originally brought the court action against Optus. The ACCC indicated that many of the consumers were vulnerable, were experiencing disadvantage, were financially dependent or unemployed, didn't have English as a first language, or were First Nations people from regional and remote areas. In short, many of those most heavily impacted were the most vulnerable Australians in our nation. These tactics are fundamentally unethical. Targeting individuals who are already vulnerable, whether due to financial hardship, language barriers, unemployment or geographic isolation, indicates a calculated exploitation of those least equipped to advocate for themselves. In a fair, just and decent place, these practices have no place.</para>
<para>The Telecommunications Amendment (Enhancing Consumer Safeguards) Bill 2025 is another important step forward in this government's ongoing commitment to ensuring that every Australian, regardless of their circumstances or their postcode, can stay connected and rely on a telecommunications system that is equitable, is held responsible and fundamentally is built on trust. This bill was first introduced in February 2025 and passed the House without amendment. It was considered by the Senate Standing Committee for the Scrutiny of Bills but lapsed when the 47th Parliament was prorogued. It is an important bill because telecommunications connectivity is central to our lives and to everything we do. It's something that we all hold in common, no matter whether you live in regional Queensland or in the cities. Wherever you live, telecommunications are important. This infrastructure powers how we live, how we work and how we connect to each other on a daily basis. I'm talking about instantaneous personal connections via mobile calls, text messaging and video chats and about sharing the important moments of our lives with our friends, with snaps online.</para>
<para>Today's workplace looks very different to when I first started working. Now we have high-speed internet enabling us to work from home, hold virtual meetings and collaborate in the cloud. The same technology makes telehealth appointments possible. It sends us alerts during emergencies and has transformed our classrooms. As technology drives forward and makes what we previously thought was impossible a reality, we need to make sure that there are safeguards so that all Australians can enjoy that tech in a way that is accessible. Telecommunications are no longer the luxury that we thought of them as many years ago. They are a necessity which underpins our economy. In rural and remote communities, they are simply a lifeline. In urban centres, they are the backbone of innovation and they help drive productivity. For vulnerable Australians, they are often the only means of accessing critical support services, and that connection plays such a vital role in preventing social isolation.</para>
<para>Yet, despite the importance of telecommunications, too many Australians have experienced poor service, misleading practices and a lack of accountability from telecommunications providers. The reforms in this bill will change that. This bill empowers the telecommunications industry regulator, ACMA, with the tools it needs to protect consumers and to hold providers to account. Currently, civil penalties for breaches of industry codes and standards are capped at $250,000. That figure is woefully inadequate, and something needs to be done about it. It does not reflect the scale of harm that can be caused by noncompliance, nor does it serve as a meaningful deterrent. That's why this bill amends the Telecommunications Act 1997 to increase the civil penalty by 40 times, to nearly $10 million. This approach aligns telecommunications penalties with those in other sectors such as energy and banking, and it ensures that penalties are proportionate to the impact of the offence. The civil penalties framework will be revised so fines for regulatory breaches can be either $10 million, three times the benefit gained from the regulatory breach or 30 per cent of organisational turnover. It's a big stick, and sometimes we need a big stick to protect Australians.</para>
<para>The bill also expands the authority of the Minister for Communications, allowing for the increase of infringement notice penalties that ACMA can issue for breaches of industry codes, industry standards and service provider determinations. ACMA will also be able to directly enforce telecommunications industry codes, which will incentivise industry compliance and also enable a swift response in the event of consumer harm.</para>
<para>The bill establishes a carriage service provider registration scheme. A CSP is any entity that uses carrier facilities to supply communication services, like the phone or the internet, to consumers. There is currently no comprehensive list of CSPs operating in the market, and this lack of visibility hampers ACMA's ability to educate providers, it hampers their ability to monitor compliance, and it hampers their ability to respond to consumer complaints. The new registration scheme will change that. It will increase transparency, it will increase accountability, and it will give ACMA those powers to exclude dodgy providers who pose unacceptable risks to consumers. Ultimately, it will provide consumers with greater confidence in the providers that they choose.</para>
<para>Under the amendments to the Telecommunications Act, CSPs who pose an unacceptable risk for consumers or cause major consumer harm can be stopped from operating by ACMA. They can be shut down. This power will be used as a measure of last resort, with safeguards in place to ensure fairness, review rights and continuity of service for affected customers. This reform mirrors successful models in other sectors, such as the energy market, where regulators have used exclusion powers to prevent consumer harm. It will be a deterrent to providers and have the great benefit of increasing consumer trust and of increasing trust in everyday Australians and sending that clear message that, if providers do the wrong thing, there will be serious consequences. There will be a crackdown, and that is what the Australian people and consumers deserve.</para>
<para>Another crucial reform in this bill is the move to make telecommunications industry codes directly enforceable by ACMA. Under current law, compliance with these codes is technically voluntary. ACMA can issue a direction to comply, but stronger enforcement only follows if that direction is ignored. This two-step process delays action and weakens the accountability that we talked about and that is so important. This bill removes that loophole. It makes compliance mandatory from the outset, allowing ACMA to take swift action and to address consumer harm. This change will incentivise better behaviour across the industry and ensure that consumers are protected from the moment the breach occurs.</para>
<para>This bill builds on a series of reforms already rolled out by the Albanese Labor government. We have delivered a new industry standard requiring telecommunications companies to provide support to customers experiencing financial hardship. Another new industry standard requires these companies to support and assist consumers who are experiencing domestic, sexual and family violence, and this came into effect on 1 July. Earlier this year, the Competition and Consumer Act 2010 was amended to place obligations on the telecommunications, banking and digital platform sectors to prevent, detect and disrupt scam activity. In October last year, the government passed a very important reform—the telecommunications legislation amendment. Labor brought this bill and the Triple Zero Custodian and emergency calling powers to this House as a matter of urgency after an outage in the Optus network in September which affected the triple 0 system. The cause was a network firewall upgrade, and the result was that emergency services calls for customers in South Australia, Western Australia, the Northern Territory and parts of New South Wales did not connect. I can only imagine the emotions and the extreme distress you would go through in the midst of an emergency if your call to triple zero did not connect, yet this is what happened, with tragic consequences. During the 13 hours the system was offline, approximately 600 calls to triple zero failed. It is devastating that these failed calls were linked to at least three deaths.</para>
<para>Labor's reforms boil down to a simple premise, one which we all agree on: when there is an emergency, you need to be able to rely on your triple zero call connecting—not sometimes, not often, but always. The Triple Zero Custodian framework is now enshrined in law and formally establishes a statutory role responsible for overseeing the end-to-end operation of Australia's emergency call service. This reinforced a key recommendation of the review into the Optus outage in November 2023. It strengthened the oversight, ensuring the obligations being placed on telecommunications providers are being met. The legislation has reduced the possibility of outages with tragic consequences, as there is greater accountability and government scrutiny. The Albanese Labor government is utterly serious about telecommunications providers taking responsibility for their services.</para>
<para>This legislation also implemented a new civil penalty regime. It established enforceable obligations with meaningful sanctions in the event of a service provider failing to provide information or failing to act. Crucially, there are now also new requirements for providers to ensure their triple zero network is backed up by other networks, and there will also be a mandatory improvement plan after an outage that affects triple zero.</para>
<para>In line with these reforms, there are substantial investments to deliver a more connected Australia. The Albanese government will deliver $55 million for round 8 of the Mobile Black Spot Program and $50 million for the Regional Roads Australia Mobile Program pilot. These projects will road-test innovative solutions to improve mobile communications coverage on major regional roads. A further $115 million is being directed to 74 projects as part of the Regional Connectivity Program, and over $30 million in rebates is available through the On Farm Connectivity Program. These investments are improving coverage, boosting economic opportunities and enhancing social outcomes in regional, rural and remote communities.</para>
<para>This bill has been shaped by extensive consultation with key stakeholders, including ACMA, the Australian Telecommunications Alliance, the ACCC and the Telecommunications Industry Ombudsman. Stakeholders have consistently expressed strong support for the bill's objectives, recognising the urgent need for reform and the benefits that it will bring. This bill empowers the regulator to do what we need it to do—to ensure that, in the face of unfairness, every Australian is protected.</para>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>19:18</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr VENNING</name>
    <name.id>315434</name.id>
    <electorate>Grey</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>Thanks to the previous speaker for their contribution, but I must say we are not comparing apples with apples. It's well and good to put rules and regulations around existing services, but what happens when those services are getting worse or that service doesn't exist at all? That is the reality faced by too many rural, regional and remote Australians. Let me be clear from the outset: the coalition supports this bill. Frankly, it is overdue. It introduces commonsense changes to an act that has been lagging behind a rapidly evolving market. 'Commonsense' is not a word I would typically use to describe this Labor government, which is unfortunate for the Australian people and for the Aussie battler.</para>
<para>This bill is about visibility, accountability and, importantly, protection. For too long the regulator, the Australian Communications and Media Authority, ACMA, has been expected to police the playground wearing a blindfold. There are over 1,500 providers currently operating in Australia. ACMA needs to know who they are and what they are doing. At the core of this bill is the creation of a formal registration process. If you want to provide telecommunications services in this country, you must apply to ACMA. Much like in the energy sector, if a provider poses a risk to the public or fails to meet their obligations, the regulator will finally have the power to pull the plug on their licence.</para>
<para>We're also seeing a much-needed hike in penalties. For the big players, a small fine is just the cost of doing business. By raising the maximum fines to $10 million or basing them on a percentage of turnover, we are finally giving the regulator a set of teeth. In the electorate of Grey, which covers over 92 per cent of South Australia, these rules matter. In regional areas, telecommunications aren't a luxury for scrolling through Instagram; they are an essential service. They are the difference between a business surviving or folding. Sometimes, they are the difference between life and death.</para>
<para>Why is this? I'll give you some recent examples. Under the previous coalition government, in the electorate of Grey, 54 mobile cell phone towers were built and installed. Guess how many were installed in the last four years? Zero. Nada. Nothing. Access to telcos is getting worse and worse. While the coalition supports these safeguards, I cannot stand here and just blindly congratulate this Albanese Labor government. It is one thing to tinker with the fine print in a comfortable office; it is quite another to actually provide service to the people in the mid-north, on the west coast, in the outback and, of course, for the Yorke Peninsula, who are having significant issues right now.</para>
<para>Watching the Labor Party manage a telecommunications rollout is a bit like watching a toddler baking a cake. There's a lot of huffing and puffing, but usually they just end up making a mess and expecting someone else to clean it up. They talk a big game about consumer protection in the bill, yet they've overseen the most botched, chaotic and disastrous transition in our history: the 3G shutdown across rural and regional Australia. The minister promised equivalent coverage. Well, I invite the minister to come to a Toyota. Come to Halbury. Come to the blackspot areas of my electorate and tell farmers that the silence on their handsets is equivalent.</para>
<para>While Labor pat themselves on the back for increasing fines, my constituents are paying—surprise, surprise—another Labor tax. But, this time, the tax isn't coming from the ATO. It is a tax because the 4G rollout wasn't finished before 3G was pulled. This means families are forced to fork out thousands for Starlink or expensive boosters just to get the basic signal they used to have for free. This is a tax based on postcode, yet our PM said he would govern for all Australians. They talk a big game on regional, rural and remote Australia, but their actions are the absolute opposite. It's the amount of money ripped out of rural and outback roads, particularly in outback South Australia. The lack of access to GP services, child care and aged care in regional SA is terrible. We have the worst health outcomes in the state. We have the lowest access to child care in the state. If you're ageing, you can't age in your local aged-care home; you've got to move hours away. And, of course, there are the telcos, with 54 towers in nine years versus zero in four years. The numbers speak for themselves.</para>
<para>Take Craig, a farmer on the Eyre Peninsula. Craig is trying to run a livestock business. He told me he had to give up ordering transport to move loads of sheep because he simply cannot get a signal. Imagine trying to run a farming business in 2026 where you can't even call a truckie to pick up your stock! That's Labor's connected Australia for you.</para>
<para>Then there's my good friend Lucas Bagshaw. Lucas faced every country person's nightmare this past harvest: a fire on his property. He grabbed his phone to call for help—nothing, no signal. He knew better than to rely on triple zero because in regional SA it is a roll of the dice. Lucas went through 3,000 litres of water before his neighbours, who only saw the smoke by luck, arrived to help. They lost a header—headers these days cost about $1.8 million—a baler and kilometres of fencing. If that signal had been there, the CFS could have been there sooner, and they might not have lost the header, the baler and the fencing.</para>
<para>I also think of Keith, a farmer from the mid-north who recently crashed his quad bike. He lay there for hours. He wasn't saved by 4G or a government safeguard. He was saved because he used a UHF radio and someone heard his call for help. I don't think anyone from Labor or the Greens knows what a UHF is, yet it has been a lifesaver for me and my family on our farm and for so many others in rural, regional and remote South Australia.</para>
<para>And then there are seniors. In Orroroo I spoke with David. His wife was forced to buy a new phone because her two-year-old Samsung could no longer access triple zero after the shutdown. They are pensioners. They can't just nip out and drop a thousand bucks on a new phone. In Streaky Bay, Rebecca has been calling because the internet and mobile coverage for the whole town just dropped out for three days during a severe heatwave with fire warnings. Imagine if the internet dropped out here in Parliament House for three days! Think about that: a heatwave, a fire threat and a total communications blackout.</para>
<para>Then there is Tarcowie in the mid-north of my electorate, a productive farming district where the silence of the phone lines is deafening and where the lack of connectivity is no longer just an inconvenience; it is a genuine threat to livelihoods. This issue is so significant that the <inline font-style="italic">Stock Journal </inline>has written an entire story, an expose, on this town and its troubling communications issues. The residents of Tarcowie are not in the outback; they're in a vital agricultural corridor. As local farmer Noreen Arthur puts it: 'We're not in the outback, but you wouldn't know it by the phone service.'</para>
<para>The situation in Tarcowie is dire. In 2024 alone, three residents died while working or living alone in the district. In these tragic circumstances, the limited mobile reception was cited as a major concern for emergency response. This is the brutal reality of the digital divide. When seconds count, Tarcowie residents are left searching for a signal. Residents are forced to walk outside in all weather or travel to the local golf club, one of the few spots with a booster, just to make a simple phone call. This is undignified, unsafe and, frankly, not acceptable. What makes the situation truly bitter for the community is the presence of what I can only describe as a ghost town—a Telstra facility standing just five kilometres out of town, installed nearly two years ago. Residents watched it go up believing help was on the way, yet the transmitter has never been switched on. Telstra now claims that this structure is merely a network facility for a tower nine kilometres away in Pekina. You cannot explain technicalities to a community that can see the infrastructure with their own eyes but cannot make a call.</para>
<para>The botched 3G switch-off has only compounded the misery. Residents report that since the transition to 4G and 5G, coverage has deteriorated. Calls are garbled and families are forced to rely on wi-fi calls, making calls within their own homes. This incompetence is strangling local enterprise. Take Tarcowie Transport, run by Joe and his partner, Taylor. Joe moves around a hundred loads in a season. He needs to coordinate with clients and contractors constantly, yet, in most paddocks, there is no service. If you break down, you're stranded—or you've still got that UHF radio.</para>
<para>When the signal drops, productivity stops—</para>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">The DEPUTY SPEAKER</name>
    <name.id>265979</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>Order! The member will be allowed to speak in continuation at a later date.</para>
</interjection>
</speech>
</subdebate.2></subdebate.1></debate>
    <debate><debateinfo>
        <title>ADJOURNMENT</title>
        <page.no>214</page.no>
        <type>ADJOURNMENT</type>
      </debateinfo><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Rural, Regional and Remote Australia: Services</title>
          <page.no>214</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>19:30</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr BIRRELL</name>
    <name.id>288713</name.id>
    <electorate>Nicholls</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I rise to speak about the important issue of regional funding. Australian governments have a fine tradition of investing in the regions, often partnering with state and local governments to deliver. That's the way it works best. The coalition did it when last in government. I saw it because I'd been a member of that community for a long time. Here are a couple of examples.</para>
<para>The Shepparton regional rail project had $320 million from the then-coalition government and a top-up of $11 million after that to help get stages 1, 2 and 3 of the Regional Rail Revival going. What that does is get us from just four return services between Melbourne and Shepparton to nine return services between Melbourne and Shepparton. It's a great partnership between the Victorian government and the federal government, with the federal government coming to stage 3 with 80 per cent of the funding, $320 million. The only problem is that the Victorian government promised to complete it by the end of 2023. I believe we're at the start of 2026, and we're still waiting to see it, but I'm hoping.</para>
<para>Another is the Shepparton Foodshare. Shepparton Foodshare is a great organisation. It's a secure base to distribute around 390,000 kilograms of food each year to more than 100 registered emergency relief agencies, schools and other organisations. There's great contribution from the Victorian government and $600 million from the coalition government.</para>
<para>The Echuca-Moama bridge has changed lives and changed the economy in the cross-border town of Echuca-Moama. It's a $323 million project, jointly funded by the Australian, Victorian and New South Wales governments. The Australian government contribution was $125 million.</para>
<para>Joint funding is critical to getting projects built, but, tragically, the Albanese government is letting regional Australia down. The projects that need their support keep piling up. I'll give an example of some of them. The Kilmore Bypass and link road upgrades desperately need funding. I made a $20 million commitment to the Shepparton Sports Stadium before the last election. The community desperately needs it; it's the missing link in the Shepparton sports precinct and the tourism and visitor economy strategy, but there's been no money forthcoming from the Albanese government. There's also the Yarrawonga-Mulwala bridge. There are many more, big and small.</para>
<para>The problem we have when we're looking for funding for these critical regional projects is that the cupboard seems to be bare. Labor has scrapped important regional programs established by the coalition. I'm disappointed that that's happened, but they've established their own programs. Okay, well, that's good. But you've got to keep putting money into them. Labor said that the Growing Regions fund and others would meet the needs of regional Australia. But Growing Regions has been left with no money in the pot after the last budget. In fact, Labor's fourth federal budget had no funding for the Stronger Communities Program, the Local Roads and Community Infrastructure Program, the Regional Precincts and Partnerships Program or the Growing Regions Program. Those opposite like to crow about having lots of regional members in this place, but why aren't they standing up for regional Australia? It's one thing to announce a great-sounding program like Growing Regions or Stronger Communities, but someone's got to get up in budget time and actually put some money and some guidelines together and say, 'Here is a place regional communities can apply to have their critical infrastructure funded.'</para>
<para>As I said, the cupboard is bare, and it's just not fair for regional communities that deserve their regional funding. I'm so pleased that, just as I've got going with this, the member for Riverina walked into the chamber, because that Shepparton rail project, critical for the people of Shepparton and their ability to commute between Melbourne and Shepparton, was unfunded and a dream for the people of Shepparton until the member for Riverina, when he was the Deputy Prime Minister, stood over there and said, 'Here is 80 per cent of that funding—$320 million—to make that a reality.' The Victorian government being the Victorian government, it's taken three years longer than they said it would and they needed a bit of a top-up—but it is coming, and that's what governments that care about regions can do. They make sure that what happens in this place is fair for everyone—not just metropolitan communities, not just large cities outside metropolitan cities such as Geelong and Wollongong, which are great places. The Albanese government needs to look after those of us who live out in the regions. Be fair.</para>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Paterson Electorate: Australia Day Awards and Honours</title>
          <page.no>215</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>19:35</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms SWANSON</name>
    <name.id>264170</name.id>
    <electorate>Paterson</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I rise today, following Australia Day, to acknowledge and honour Australians whose service, integrity and commitment reflect the very best of our nation. Australia Day honours are not about status or ceremony alone; they are about recognising lives of service, often quiet, often difficult and often carried out without expectation of recognition. They remind us that Australia is strengthened every day by people who step forward for others, who stand up for justice and who dedicate themselves to their communities. Today I'm proud to place on the parliamentary record the extraordinary contributions of several Australians from Paterson who were recognised in this year's Australia Day honours list.</para>
<para>Firstly, I wish to acknowledge Robert 'Bob' O'Toole OAM, from Raworth. Bob's recognition, with the Order of Australia Medal, is deeply significant. It honours decades of unwavering advocacy on behalf of survivors of institutional sexual abuse—advocacy that required courage, resilience and an unshakeable belief in justice. As the founder of the Clergy Abused Network, Bob played a pivotal role in supporting survivors to find their voice and in shining a light on the wrongdoing that had been ignored for far too long. His efforts were instrumental in the calls that ultimately led to the Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse. It was announced under Prime Minister Gillard, and it is something that I take deep pride in as a member of the Labor Party—a turning point in our nation's history.</para>
<para>Bob's work was never abstract or distant. He walked alongside survivors through some of the most challenging moments of their lives—through disclosure, through the royal commission process and well beyond. His advocacy was grounded in compassion, respect and an unwavering commitment to dignity. I acknowledge the words of Kathleen Marriott, who nominated Bob for this honour and who has worked closely with him for many years. She describes Bob as a guiding force—someone who provided not only vital knowledge and connections but genuine care. She notes that this recognition, four years after the nomination, feels like a victory not just for Bob but for the entire survivor community. Bob O'Toole's OAM is a powerful acknowledgement of work that has changed lives and helped change our country for the better.</para>
<para>I also honour Bruce Townsend OAM, from Raymond Terrace—a man whose name is synonymous with service in our local community. Bruce has dedicated many years to supporting others through his involvement with the Raymond Terrace Lions Club, St Vincent de Paul, HealthOne, Raymond Terrace Community Preschool and St Brigid's Church. His contributions span generations and reflect a lifetime of generosity. Many in the community will also fondly remember Bruce as the proprietor of Townsend Pharmacy, where he served local families with care, professionalism and kindness. For Bruce, service was not limited to volunteer roles; it was embedded in everyday interactions and genuine human connection—his life's work, nonetheless. The Raymond Terrace Lions Club expressed how proud they are to call Bruce one of their own, and that pride is shared widely across our towns and electorate. His OAM recognises a life devoted to community wellbeing and quiet leadership.</para>
<para>Andrew Harris AM has been recognised for exceptional service to the Royal Australian Air Force, particularly through his leadership in the enhancement and employment of air combat capabilities, encompassing platforms, people and procedures. Thank you for your service, Andrew.</para>
<para>Nigel Ward CSM has been recognised for his meritorious devotion to duty in providing outstanding support to Army personnel, units, formations and commands through his role as the pay and administrative liaison officer at the centre in New South Wales.</para>
<para>Their honours remind us of the extraordinary contribution made by members of our Defence Force and veterans whose service, often under immense pressure and sacrifice, helps keep our nation safe. Together, these Australia Day honours recipients remind us that service takes many forms: advocacy, community leadership, compassion, duty to country. Each matters. Each strengthens our national fabric. Thank you.</para>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Protests</title>
          <page.no>216</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>19:40</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr McCORMACK</name>
    <name.id>219646</name.id>
    <electorate>Riverina</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>Three thousand police. Snipers on the roof. A ring of steel around the central business district of Sydney. Workers, visitors, residents told to stay either at home or away. What is going on in this country? How has it gotten to this? The visit by Israeli President Isaac Herzog has been greeted with remarkable scenes not just in Sydney, not just in Melbourne, but in Wagga Wagga and Benalla. This has to stop. It simply must stop.</para>
<para>I'm not quite sure indeed what these people are still protesting about. I have nothing against peaceful demonstrations. It's part and parcel of living in a democracy. But the Australian government's adherence to Palestinian statehood was announced on 11 August last year. It was formally recognised on 21 September last year. I disagreed with it, but this is what the United Nations and our nation did and followed through on. And yet still we're seeing protests week after week, day after day in our capital cities and in our country cities. And for what? I just don't understand it.</para>
<para>Some of them are saying, 'Well, they're peaceful demonstrations.' No, they're not, because if you talk to the officers who are engaged with babysitting these people, they will tell you that these people throw things at them—anything they can lay their hands on—and they spit at them. Where have we got to as a country? Why is this happening? They would be far better off volunteering their time at a soup kitchen, attending a cancer hospice, doing anything but what they're doing.</para>
<para>I spoke to Labor New South Wales Minister for Police and Counter-terrorism Yasmin Catley on Friday night. She's doing a good job under tremendous pressure. So too, I have to say, is Premier Chris Minns. He has shown leadership against all of this. Thank goodness we have Mal Lanyon in as the police commissioner, because he has requested, and rightly so, extensions to prohibitions on these protests.</para>
<para>Then, of course, we've got the Teachers Federation and others involved in teaching our children using—I should say abusing—Bluey, a much-loved children's character, to promote their propaganda, their river to the sea. I don't get it. I'm sorry, I just don't. I do not understand how and why these people think it's right that they can use Australian icons like Bluey, the opera house or the Sydney Harbour Bridge to promote their hatred, their spite, particularly after what went on on 14 December, when 15 beautiful, innocent lives were taken—and there is a correlation. Make no mistake, there is a correlation. It might be alright for some commentators on the ABC to argue that there might not be, but there is.</para>
<para>I would urge and encourage people to read the op-ed in the <inline font-style="italic">Daily Telegraph</inline> today by Paul Nicolaou, who is a leading advocate in the Sydney business community. He, like so many in Melbourne, has had a gutful of the protests which have such an impact on those small businesses in the CBDs of those two cities. In Melbourne they've had more than 100 protests week after week after week. And for what? Holding that city at ransom and those businesses which take risks, which invest—those people, those protesters, would be far better off doing something good for a change and keeping their hate to themselves. They don't need it all. Australia's better than this.</para>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Labor Government</title>
          <page.no>217</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>19:45</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr ZAPPIA</name>
    <name.id>HWB</name.id>
    <electorate>Makin</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>In March, South Australians will choose who governs the state for the next four years. It will be a choice between an experienced, disciplined and competent Peter Malinauskas Labor government and a mix of untested non-Labor candidates. The South Australian Liberal Party, previously seen as the natural alternative to Labor, is paralysed by disunity, scandal and inexperience. Four years ago, when Peter Malinauskas was elected premier, he outlined a vision to transform South Australia, tackle the issues that mattered and make South Australia a leader, not a follower. Today the widely held view is that he has delivered on his vision and has turned South Australia around. Whilst the following is by no means a comprehensive list, it provides some noteworthy achievements of the Malinauskas Labor government.</para>
<para>Since 2022, South Australia has had the strongest four years of international trade on record, with $21 billion worth of goods being sold to the world. Unemployment is at 3.9 per cent and is the equal lowest of all Australian states. On dwelling stats, construction work, jobs growth and economic growth, South Australia is now leading or amongst the highest ranking of the Australian states.</para>
<para>Over 15,000 homes were approved in South Australia in 2025—more than any other year in history and a 22 per cent increase over 2024. In the health sector, whilst there is still so much more to do, South Australia now has over 1,460 more nurses, 640 more doctors, 380 more allied health professionals and 300 paramedics and ambulance officers. Thirteen new or rebuilt ambulance stations have been opened, and four 24/7 pharmacies are now operating. If re-elected, a fifth is planned for the Adelaide Hills. Serving the Makin electorate region, there are now 80 more hospital beds at the Lyell McEwen Hospital and 72 more at the Modbury Hospital.</para>
<para>The events calendar in South Australia is packed, including the bp Adelaide Grand Final, formerly known as the Adelaide 500, which has been secured until 2034, while the LIV Golf tournament and the AFL Gather Round draw tens of thousands of people to South Australia.</para>
<para>School funding is at a record high. Five new technical colleges have opened, including The Heights Technical College in the Makin electorate. If re-elected, an additional three technical colleges will be built throughout the state. On energy, South Australia now has the equal lowest wholesale electricity prices.</para>
<para>Stronger standards for retirement villages are now in place, including caps on some fees and better transparency in contracts. If re-elected, the Malinauskas government has also announced that three new mental health assessment units will be constructed next to the Royal Adelaide, Noarlunga and Lyell McEwen hospital emergency departments, whilst the old Women's and Children's Hospital will be transformed into a dedicated aged-care precinct. Working together, the Malinauskas and Albanese governments have stepped in to save Bedford from collapse and protect the futures of 1,250 supported workers, 300 employees and clients with disabilities.</para>
<para>Likewise, the South Australian and Albanese governments are providing support for the Whyalla Steelworks. The Marshall Liberal government's privatisations of our train and tram services have been reversed, with both now back in public hands. Through investments in police recruitment and tackling crime, SAPOL now has the second highest rate of operational staff per 100,000 people, and South Australia now has the lowest re-offending rate in Australia. For 15 consecutive months, overall crime in South Australia has fallen.</para>
<para>Last year's state budget saw massive investments in infrastructure projects, including the North-South Corridor, jointly funded with the federal government; the new Women's and Children's Hospital; the High Productivity Vehicle Network; the Curtis Road level crossing removal; and safety upgrades on Main South Road between Myponga and Yankalilla. In the Makin area alone, over $14 million was committed for much-needed sports club facilities, and the decades-old septic tank community wastewater management system in the Tea Tree Gully council area is being replaced with direct home connections to SAWater mains.</para>
<para>In recent years I've worked closely with state MPs in the Makin electorate: Blair Boyer, Rhiannon Pearce, Olivia Savvas, Michael Brown and John Fulbrook. They are all committed and hardworking representatives for the areas and deserve to be re-elected. At a time of so much local and international uncertainty, the South Australian Malinauskas Labor government has the stability and credibility to deal with the difficult matters whilst not ignoring the daily issues facing South Australian businesses and households, and I will be doing all I can to ensure that it is re-elected.</para>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Jones, Ms Bianca Adrienne, Morton-Bowles, Ms Holly Jayne</title>
          <page.no>217</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>19:50</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr TIM WILSON</name>
    <name.id>IMW</name.id>
    <electorate>Goldstein</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>There are a number of times in this chamber when you have to give speeches that you don't want to give, and today, unfortunately, is one of those cases. As you may recall, Speaker, in November 2024 there were the tragic deaths of two young Australians in Laos: Bianca Jones and Holly Morton-Bowles. These two young girls, with four others, had methanol poisoning at the prime of their lives, when they had just finished school and gone for a holiday to Laos to celebrate the fresh chapter in their lives. It ended in tragedy through methanol poisoning.</para>
<para>As difficult as, of course, it was at that time for the families, tragically I have to say that their trauma lives on because of the consequences of the failure and injustice that we have seen and we are experiencing. To the families—Samantha Morton, Shaun Bowles and Mark and Michelle Jones—we send our love. Unfortunately, today there have been media reports that the families have since found out that justice has not been delivered at all. Instead, secret court cases have been held in Laos, which led, on 29 January this year, to 10 people receiving an utterly irrelevant pittance of a fine, equivalent to A$185, for these deaths. As the families have rightly outlined, this is insulting. Even worse than that, it's made an unbearable grief even worse. For these families, who have already lived such a tragic loss, to now have to continue to fight for basic justice for their lost loved ones is so difficult.</para>
<para>I say without any sense of partisanship but with extreme disappointment that the families found out about these secret court cases through a British family, because they were not kept informed by the Australian government. Let's be very clear about this: this is a failure of the Australian government to keep these families informed of the path for justice. We know they had a reasonable expectation not just to bring those who perpetrated this crime to justice but more importantly—because it's also about protecting the lives of other young Australians and others—to ensure the situation is not repeated. Secret court cases and $185 fines for the loss of six lives at such a young and tender age are nothing short of disgraceful, but it's also disgraceful that our government has not lived up to its obligations and kept the families informed and that the families have had to find out through other routes.</para>
<para>So I'm simply requesting of the Minister for Foreign Affairs and of the government that they tell the Australian people and the parliament what their diplomatic efforts have been with the Laotian government, including the requests to any foreign authorities and the avenues they've pursued; that they ensure appropriate communication with the Laotian government for justice, because this should not be the end; that we ensure someone is charged with the deaths of Bianca Jones and Holly Morton-Bowles, as should be the case; and that the families receive all the support they need, including being kept informed by the Australian government, as we should all expect.</para>
<para>This is not an unreasonable request from the families. This evening, I spoke to Mark Jones about raising this matter in parliament because I was so disappointed and so saddened, as the family is, with the consequences of the decisions of the secret court cases. Now is a time that the families rightly expect to be kept informed by the Australian government and to be kept informed not just of what has been done but, more importantly, of what steps are now going to be taken through consular and diplomatic efforts to provide a sense of closure to the matter for justice and for the families. In that context, Speaker, I seek leave to table the letter I have sent to the Minister for Foreign Affairs, Penny Wong.</para>
<para>Leave not granted.</para>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Royal Exhibition Building</title>
          <page.no>218</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>19:55</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms WITTY</name>
    <name.id>316660</name.id>
    <electorate>Melbourne</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>It is an immense honour to stand here in this parliament, in this building, representing the people of Melbourne. Every time I come to Canberra, I feel it. I walk toward Parliament House, and, as the flagpole comes into view, something catches in my chest. The goosebumps come. The weight of history presses in. I feel the grandeur of the building before I even step inside it—the scale, the symbolism, the privilege of what it represents. All of us in this chamber remember our first day here—some of us more recently than others—but that feeling of responsibility, the sense of awe and of being entrusted with something far greater than ourselves never truly fades. I can only imagine or begin to imagine what that moment must have been like nearly 125 years ago, when the first Australian parliament assembled in the Royal Exhibition Building in the electorate of Melbourne, stepping into a new nation carrying hope, uncertainty and the enormous task of shaping a future not yet written. Beneath that historic dome, Australia stopped being an idea and became a reality.</para>
<para>In 2004, the Royal Exhibition Building and surrounds became Australia's first cultural site listed on UNESCO's World Heritage List. It is recognised as a rare and intact survivor of the 19th century international expo movement—a place built to project confidence, ambition and a belief in the future. World Heritage listing is not a prize to admire; it's an obligation to honour. This year marks the 125th anniversary of Federation, and, in May, the Royal Exhibition Building will again stand at the centre of our nation's story. There are few places in Australia where the history of our Commonwealth can be experienced so directly, where people can stand in the exact space where our democratic life began. In recent years, however, deterioration has become impossible to ignore—damage to the dome interior, falling plaster and decorative schemes, structural elements requiring urgent repairs, and impact from water ingress, storms and extreme weather. These are not abstract concerns. They affect safety. They affect access. They affect whether this building can continue to serve the public at all.</para>
<para>I recently met with Museums Victoria to discuss the work already underway and the support still required to secure the building's future. That conversation was honest, detailed and forward looking. There are strong and exciting plans to open the Royal Exhibition Building all year round from mid-2027, expanding public access while protecting its heritage values. That vision is grounded in simple truth—a heritage building survives when it is open, understood and actively used by the community it belongs to.</para>
<para>Important conservation works are already beginning to be delivered—repairs to the dome and facades, safety upgrades and new World Heritage management plans that guide every decision about conservation, use and renewal. The plans bring discipline, clarity and accountability to how the site is cared for, but the task ahead remains significant. The Royal Exhibition Building requires sustained long-term investment to protect its fabric, address climate risk and ensure it can continue functioning as both a heritage site and a civic venue. Delay does not reduce cost; it compounds risk, it narrows options, and it brings us closer to partial or full closure to the public. Enclosure would not protect this place; it would diminish it.</para>
<para>I have heard clearly from local residents, heritage experts and community advocates who care deeply about this site. They are not calling for symbolism or short-term fixes; they are calling for serious stewardship and resolve. As we mark 125 years since Federation, this is a moment to recommit to the places that anchored our national story. The Royal Exhibition Building is not just part of Melbourne's history; it is a central part of the history of our great country. Australia took its first step as a nation under that dome 125 years ago. If that moment matters to us and if our Commonwealth matters to us, then the place where it began must matter too. I will continue to be a strong and constructive advocate for the Royal Exhibition Building, for its protection, for its funding and for its future as a living public place, not just as a monument to our past, but as a working reminder of who we are and what we are prepared to stand for. Thank you.</para>
<para>House adjourned at 20:00</para>
</speech>
</subdebate.1></debate>
    <debate><debateinfo>
        <title>NOTICES</title>
        <page.no>219</page.no>
        <type>NOTICES</type>
      </debateinfo><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Presentation</title>
          <page.no>219</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo></subdebate.1></debate>
  </chamber.xscript>
  <fedchamb.xscript>
    <business.start>
      <body background="" style="" xmlns:w="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/wordprocessingml/2006/main" xmlns:a="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/drawingml/2006/main" xmlns:o="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" xmlns:v="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:vml" xmlns:WX="http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/word/2003/auxHint" xmlns:aml="http://schemas.microsoft.com/aml/2001/core" xmlns:pic="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/drawingml/2006/picture" xmlns:w10="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:word" xmlns:wp="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/drawingml/2006/wordprocessingDrawing" xmlns:r="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/officeDocument/2006/relationships">
        <p class="HPS-MCJobDate" style="direction:ltr;unicode-bidi:normal;">
          <span class="HPS-MCJobDate">
            <a href="Federation Chamber" type="">Monday, 9 February 2026</a>
          </span>
        </p>
        <p class="HPS-Normal" style="direction:ltr;unicode-bidi:normal;">
          <span class="HPS-Normal">
            <span style="font-weight:bold;">The </span>
            <span style="font-weight:bold;">DEPUTY SPEAKER </span>
            <span style="font-weight:bold;">(</span>
            <span style="font-weight:bold;">Ms </span>
            <span style="font-weight:bold;">Mascarenhas</span>
            <span style="font-weight:bold;">)</span>
            <span style="font-weight:bold;">
            </span>took the chair at 10:30.</span>
        </p>
        <p class="HPS-Line" style="direction:ltr;unicode-bidi:normal;">
          <span class="HPS-Line"> </span>
        </p>
      </body>
    </business.start>
    <debate><debateinfo>
        <title>CONSTITUENCY STATEMENTS</title>
        <page.no>220</page.no>
        <type>CONSTITUENCY STATEMENTS</type>
      </debateinfo><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Allied Health Professions Australia</title>
          <page.no>220</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>10:30</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Dr HAINES</name>
    <name.id>282335</name.id>
    <electorate>Indi</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I'm pleased to speak about the work of Allied Health Professions Australia, who today have officially launched a national petition calling on the government to expand Commonwealth prac payments to all allied health and medical students. Every Australian interacts with allied health and medical graduates when we get an X-ray, fill a prescription, see a GP or check-in with a psychologist. Medical and allied health professionals look after Australians at all ages and stages of our lives. To complete their training, allied health and medical students need to complete hundreds, and in some cases thousands, of hours of mandatory, unpaid practical placements.</para>
<para>Prac placements are like apprenticeships; students are learning and practising their skills, under supervision, while caring for us. In their final year of study, students are expected to use basic skills to diagnose and to treat patients. Placements are essential training for our health workforce, but they also put significant financial pressure on students, sometimes resulting in students skipping meals, sleeping in cars or, unfortunately, dropping out of their courses altogether. As the cost-of-living pressures rise, so do these financial pressures on our students.</para>
<para>I've previously spoken in this place about the healthcare students in Indi, including Gemma, who is studying diagnostic radiography, Darcy, a physiotherapy student, and Zac, who is studying dentistry. I've also recently heard from Alex from Wangaratta, a fourth-year medical student who will undertake 25 to 35 hours per week of unpaid placement this year. Now these students have all told me that undertaking unpaid placement has caused significant financial stress, and unfortunately their stories are not unique. A national placement poverty survey from the Health Students Alliance found a staggering 81 per cent of students took unpaid leave to undertake placement, 78 per cent of students struggled to pay bills due to placement and, concerningly, 53 per cent considered leaving their degree due to the burden of placement.</para>
<para>At this time of urgent healthcare workforce shortages, particularly in rural and regional areas, we cannot let financial pressures prevent or delay students from completing health degrees. Expanding Commonwealth prac payments to include all allied health and medical students is a practical solution, giving our future health workforce the financial support they need to complete their degrees.</para>
<para>Alongside Senator David Pocock, I'm pleased to co-sponsor Allied Health Professions Australia's petition to expand prac payments. I urge everyone to sign this petition. Share it with your friends and family as well. Let's look after the next generation of medical professionals, because one day they will look after us.</para>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Mullard, Luke</title>
          <page.no>220</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>10:33</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms SWANSON</name>
    <name.id>264170</name.id>
    <electorate>Paterson</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I rise today to acknowledge an extraordinary young man from my electorate of Paterson. Thirteen-year-old Luke Mullard, whose actions saved the life of a 92-year-old woman, reflect the very best of the Australian spirit. In recent months, our nation has been confronted by deeply distressing events. In times of fear and uncertainty, Australians look for reassurance that our shared values still endure. Moments like this remind us that courage, compassion and responsibility for one another are not abstract ideals; they are lived out every day in our communities.</para>
<para>Only weeks before the tragic events in Bondi, those values were clearly demonstrated in the town of Thornton. Luke Mullard was walking home from school when he noticed smoke coming from a nearby property. Realising something was wrong, he ran towards the house and heard calls from an elderly woman trapped inside. Luke assisted the 92-year-old woman to safety, helping her to her car where she waited until the emergency services arrived. Throughout the incident, Luke remained calm and focused. He called for help, checked whether anyone else was inside the home and stayed with the elderly woman until it was safe to leave her in the care of emergency services.</para>
<para>Once help had arrived and the situation was under control, Luke simply continued onto his part-time job and thought nothing out of the ordinary had occurred. It was not until later that evening, after he'd come home from work and when the police attended his family home, that Luke's parents learned that their son had been such a hero earlier in the evening. Luke did what we hope every Australian would do in a moment of crisis. He stepped forward without hesitation and placed the wellbeing of another person ahead of his own safety. He did not act for recognition or for praise but because he instinctively understood that helping someone in need is simply the right thing to do.</para>
<para>What makes Luke's actions particularly inspiring is his humility. He sought no attention and expected no acknowledgement. His response reflects values that are shaped by family, community and by example, values that give us confidence in the future. At just 13 years of age, Luke Mullard is a credit to his family, his school and the Thornton community. More importantly, he's a powerful reminder that leadership, courage and kindness are not defined by age or title but by action. I'm incredibly proud to recognise Luke today. His actions give us hope and remind us that the strength of our nation lies in ordinary people stepping up and doing the right thing when it matters most. Good on you, Luke.</para>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Tumbatrek</title>
          <page.no>221</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>10:36</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr McCORMACK</name>
    <name.id>219646</name.id>
    <electorate>Riverina</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>The Tim Fischer Tumbatrek is over for another year, and the walking and talking is done. The conversation and perspiration has ended. It is a great event, and it reminds us of the legacy that Tim Fischer leaves. He started this trek in 1985 as a way of promoting the tourism and the business opportunities in Tumbarumba shire. Now, of course, that's part of Snowy Valleys Council. It's soon to be demerged. But so many representatives of Tumut and Tumbarumba gathered there.</para>
<para>Prior to that, we had a very good meeting with Carlie Porteous and the Softwoods Working Group, Hyne and Visy, talking about the Walwa fire and the devastating impacts upon the forestry industry from that January incident. Then we had the dinner that night at the memorial hall, where the New South Wales Minister for Police and Counter-terrorism, Yasmin Cately, attended. I give her credit for the job that she's doing, particularly this week. It was great to join state MPs Dr Joe McGirr and Justin Clancy on the actual walk with Julia Ham, the Snowy Valleys' mayor, and with Paul Culhane, the Mayor of Upper Lachlan shire. We trekked 12.2 kilometres from the Bago forest to the Henry Angel campsite. We trekked to the Burra Creek, passing the side of the Hussell's Mill before joining the famous Hume and Hovell Track.</para>
<para>One of the morning highlights was seeing a crackle of cockatoos—that's the collective noun for cockatoos. There were six of the gang-gang cockatoos nesting. They were fantastic. We were also joined by the Consul-General of the Czech Republic, Hana Flanderova, and a German exchange student, Sophie, who's with Rotary International. It reminded us all about the importance of sometimes going and smelling the roses, the crisp clean air of Tumbarumba shire. There were people from right across the political divide, people with vastly different opinions. But there were 140 people trekking through the mountains. It was absolutely fantastic. We were joined by a large group of teenagers, mostly Tumbarumba High School years 11 and 12 students, but there was one apprentice there as well. All were just young people using the exercise as training for their mid-year Kokoda Trek expedition.</para>
<para>As I said, the annual dinner the previous night was also fantastic, as it gave people the opportunity, as Tim Fischer would want us to do, to gather and to talk about the things that are common to us. There's a lot going wrong in the world, and we all know that, whether it's the world, the nation or even locally. But when you can get together on something as great as the terrific Tumbatrek and talk about the things that we have in common, it gets you to realise that there is much more that unites as people than that which divides us.</para>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Australia Day Honours and Awards</title>
          <page.no>221</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>10:39</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms BRISKEY</name>
    <name.id>263427</name.id>
    <electorate>Maribyrnong</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>It's an honour to rise today to celebrate five remarkable local individuals whose lives of service have profoundly shaped the community I represent and Australia as a whole. Recognised the in the 2026 Australia Day Honours, these local champions remind us that the heart of our nation is found in those who dedicate themselves to the service of others.</para>
<para>Take Brendan Schwab from Moonee Ponds, who has been appointed a Member of the Order of Australia. In the global arena of advocacy, Brendan has been a titan, a pioneer for athletes' rights. He has used his legal brilliance to ensure that those who entertain us on the field are protected by fundamental human rights off it. His work has elevated the dignity of professional sport on a global and local scale, and we are incredibly proud to claim him as one of our own.</para>
<para>We also salute two local recipients of the Medal of the Order of Australia: Ralph Plarre from Essendon, who is a man who transformed a family bakery in into a sustainable powerhouse. Ferguson Bakehouses are beloved by so many Victorians. Ralph hasn't just baked bread; he has nourished communities across Melbourne to East Timor and Uganda, proving that business success and humanitarian spirit can and should go hand in hand.</para>
<para>Joining him is a true local legend: Susan Rainey from Moonee Ponds. For 50 years, Susan has been the heartbeat of the Essendon squash community. Since 1970, when she first opened the doors of the Essendon squash courts she has been a mentor and a founding pillar of the sport. Her five decades of service is a masterclass in grassroots devotion.</para>
<para>We also recognise Victoria Ryan from Airport West, who was awarded the Australian Corrections Medal, having dedicated over 30 years to Corrections Victoria and currently serving as the general manager of the Metropolitan Remand Centre. She has navigated the complexities of our justice system with professional steel, deep empathy, proving that a safer community is built through rehabilitation and fairness.</para>
<para>Finally, there's Kate Gavens from Ascot Vale, who was awarded the Public Service Medal. As Victoria's inaugural chief conservation regulator, Kate built an agency from the ground up that prioritises transparency and the protection of our biodiversity, embedding cultural safety and community trust into the core of environmental law.</para>
<para>My community is home to many extraordinary people, but these five individuals truly represent the very best of us. They remind us that whether it's through global advocacy, transformative public service or 50 years of local sporting devotion, one person's commitment can leave a legacy that lasts for generations. Their stories are the stories of Maribyrnong, defined by hard work, a sense of justice and a deep seated care for our neighbours. We are a better, stronger and more compassionate community because of their efforts. On behalf of the Maribyrnong electorate, I congratulate each of them on their well-deserved honours in the 2026 Australia Day list. I thank them for their passion, their integrity and their enduring service to our community.</para>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Fadden Electorate: Australia Day Awards and Honours, Southport Flying Club</title>
          <page.no>222</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>10:42</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr CALDWELL</name>
    <name.id>306489</name.id>
    <electorate>Fadden</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>Today I rise to record my absolute joy at having attended the Australia Day citizenship ceremony at Helensvale on Australia Day this year. It was conducted at the Helensvale Community Centre and was run again this year by the Lions Club of Helensvale. A special shout out to President Laura Boase and all of the Helensvale Lions Club members, who did a terrific job that day. Special thanks to Paul Murphy, the citizenship coordinator and Steve Boase, the secretary.</para>
<para>I also want to acknowledge the attendance of my fellow local representatives Mark Boothman, who's the local MP in the state parliament, as well as local councillors, Councillor Mark Hammel, Councillor Donna Gates and Councillor Naomi Fowler. And, yes, afterwards, in typical Australian fashion, I enjoyed a scone with jam and cream. What better way to celebrate another bunch of Aussies making this their formal home?</para>
<para>I recognise three locals from the northern Gold Coast who were honoured for their service to the community on Australia Day this year. Firstly, Mr Brett 'Crusher' Murray OAM was recognised for service to the media and motorsport. Brett's career spans four decades and in 2009 he founded Speedcafe, helping to reshape motorsport reporting in Australia. He's a local legend and this is thoroughly deserved.</para>
<para>Mr Glenn Norris OAM of Coomera was recognised for service through emergency response organisations including his long service with VMR Southport, which we locals know is such an important organisation. So to Glenn, thank you for your service.</para>
<para>And finally to Brigadier Bruce Andrew Scott OAM, retired, who was recognised for service to rifle shooting and to the community. His record of service spans the Army, and he also represented Australia in rifle shooting, including at the Commonwealth Games, where he won gold, and he continues to serve our community through Shooting Australia. So to Brett, Glenn and Bruce: congratulations and thank you for your service.</para>
<para>I rise to pay tribute to the Southport Flying Club, which has become a critical part of our local aviation community and emergency response network on the northern Gold Coast, to President Craig Hobart and to his executive team—Adam Surplice, the secretary; Sean Llewelyn, the treasurer; and the rest of the committee. They've been partnering with Angel Flight Australia to establish an official Gold Coast base, improving patient access to our local hospital, but they also provide much-needed local aviation infrastructure for emergency services responses, including for PolAir, the rescue chopper and LifeFlight. They've also been giving back to our local veterans, with a special veterans day with free flights last year, which about 60 veterans attended, and, notably, over Remembrance Day services last year at Runaway Bay, some of the locals flew their aeroplanes in formation, which was an amazing sight and a great tribute. <inline font-style="italic">(Time expired)</inline></para>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Leicester, Ms Skye, Truman, Ms Gill</title>
          <page.no>222</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>10:45</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms BERRY</name>
    <name.id>23497</name.id>
    <electorate>Whitlam</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I rise today to recognise Skye Leicester, who last month was named Wingecarribee Shire Council Citizen of the Year for her 16 years of service improving outcomes for local children and young people. Skye's dedication to these causes is driven by her personal experience with youth mental health challenges and a commitment to early intervention. As President of the Bowral District Children's Foundation, Skye has been an outstanding leader. She has transformed the volunteer-run charity into a professionally managed organisation, and she's played a key role in the foundation, raising and distributing over $2 million to support children's health and wellbeing. Skye has led initiatives that have reduced hospital wait times, created permanent clinical roles and expanded school based mental health programs. Her community engagement skills have been critical to fostering collaboration between hospitals, schools, donors and service providers. Skye is widely respected and admired for her strategic leadership, her extraordinary energy and enthusiasm, her great generosity, her compassion and her smiling face and sense of humour. I had the great pleasure of meeting Skye in October last year, at the iconic Bowral Long Lunch, a major fundraising event for the Bowral District Children's Foundation, and also at this year's Australia Day celebrations in Berrima. I thank Skye for her wonderful work that has delivered and continues to deliver widespread and long-lasting benefits for families in her community.</para>
<para>I rise today to recognise Gill Truman, a woman who lives in Bowral and who runs the not-for-profit organisation MotorOn. Gill was diagnosed with motor neurone disease in 2012, when she was just 30 years old. She was on maternity leave at the time, nursing a four-week-old baby and looking after her two-year-old son. Three years later, a group of her high-school friends established MotorOn in a collective effort to show their love and support for Gill. Gill has turned her personal tragedy into highly successful advocacy. MotorOn has raised over $2 million for research into motor neurone disease over the past decade, with all funds raised going to Macquarie University for MND research. Motor neurone disease is a progressive neurological disease with no known treatment or cure. Messages from motor neurons gradually stop reaching the muscles, causing them to weaken and eventually stop working. While some people can live a long life with MND, the average life expectancy is 27 months from diagnosis. About 2,700 people in Australia are affected by MND, and every day two Australians die from this awful disease while another two are told they have it. Gill Truman has described her journey as a testament to the enduring power of friendship, purpose and community. I thank Gill and all those involved with MotorOn for their advocacy and hard work to find a cure for this terrible disease. Thank you.</para>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Cowan, Mr George</title>
          <page.no>223</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>10:48</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms LANDRY</name>
    <name.id>249764</name.id>
    <electorate>Capricornia</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I rise today with a heavy heart to acknowledge the passing of George Cowan of Rockhampton, a remarkable Central Queenslander whose life was defined by service, principle and a deep commitment to his community. George was not only well known and respected across Rockhampton and the broader region; he was also family, my second cousin and someone who held a special place in my life. His mother, Margaret, and my mother, Gloria, were first cousins, and that family connection was one we both valued.</para>
<para>George was born and raised in Central Queensland and spent almost four decades serving the Rockhampton community through the legal profession. He was a respected personal injury lawyer; a managing partner of his firm, Rees R and Sydney Jones; and an advocate for ordinary Australians, particularly those injured at work or affected by industrial accidents. He was known as a champion for the battlers and the underdogs, and his work helped shape safer workplaces and greater accountability, particularly in the mining sector. But George was far more than his professional achievements. He was a deeply political person with strong ties to the National Party. He believed in service, in community and in standing up for what he thought was right. He lived his values with conviction and integrity, and he never shied away from putting in the hard work to support the causes and people he believed in.</para>
<para>For many years, George was a touchstone for me. He generously gave his time, his advice and his encouragement. He never faltered, even during the most challenging moments, and for that I will always be deeply grateful. George was also a mentor to many young lawyers. He was a trusted colleague and a steady presence for those who sought his counsel. He was widely admired for his fairness, his intellect and his quiet strength.</para>
<para>Above all, he was a devoted family man—a loving husband to Catherine and a proud father to his daughters, Charlotte and Eliza. His family was at the centre of his world, and his loss will be profoundly felt by them. The world has lost a genuinely good person—a man of warmth, principle and integrity. George Cowan will be deeply missed by his family, by his friends, by his colleagues and by all who were fortunate enough to know him. May he rest in peace.</para>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Cunningham Electorate: Community Events</title>
          <page.no>223</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>10:51</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms BYRNES</name>
    <name.id>299145</name.id>
    <electorate>Cunningham</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I rise today to highlight three community events I have recently had the privilege to attend in the Illawarra, each of them reflecting something fundamental about who we are as a region. I was honoured to join the community at Symbio Wildlife Park to celebrate its 50th anniversary. What began as just five acres of land has become a world renowned conservation park and a cherished local institution. Symbio's story is one of family stewardship across generations, from the Maplesons to the Grovers and now the Radnidge family, each building on the dreams of the last. Today Symbio is recognised not only as a major tourism attraction but also for its leading conservation work, from endangered species breeding programs to habitat restoration. Many people across the Illawarra—me included—grew up with Symbio as part of our childhoods. It is a place of learning, connection and care, and its first 50 years are something our entire region is very proud of.</para>
<para>Late last year I attended the 20th anniversary of SCARF, an organisation that has quietly but profoundly shaped the multicultural fabric of our region. For two decades, SCARF has supported refugees and new arrivals as they build safe, connected lives in the Illawarra. Founded on simple acts of kindness, the organisation has helped thousands of people find belonging in a new country. Since joining forces with the Multicultural Communities Council of Illawarra in 2021, that legacy has only grown stronger. SCARF's work reminds us that successful multiculturalism does not happen by accident. It is built through care, volunteering and a willingness to welcome others in.</para>
<para>In December I had the pleasure of speaking at the retirement dinner of Ken Habak, a remarkable local who has dedicated more than five decades to serving our community. Since 1971, Ken has worked tirelessly to support multicultural communities in the Illawarra, including 23 years as chair of MCCI. His leadership helped transform the organisation into the inclusive, modern institution that it is today. Ken's service has rightly been recognised with honours including an OAM, Australia Day Ambassador, and Wollongong Senior Citizen of the Year. The turnout at his retirement was a testament to the lives he has touched and the legacy he leaves behind.</para>
<para>Together, these events tell a powerful story about the Illawarra, a community that values care for our environment, compassion for one another and lifelong service to our community. I am proud to represent a region where that spirit is so clearly alive.</para>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Telecommunications</title>
          <page.no>224</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>10:54</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr VENNING</name>
    <name.id>315434</name.id>
    <electorate>Grey</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>Grassfires are just a part of life on a broadacre farm, particularly in the last few years. Whether it's a failed bearing or some fine lentil dust getting in an exhaust, fires are just a part of farming life. However, on 5 December, Louie Bagshaw—or Lucas, for the <inline font-style="italic">Hansard</inline>—watched a fire tear across his property near Weetulta on the Yorke Peninsula. A week later, it happened again.</para>
<para>But this isn't about two fires. This is about what happened when Lucas tried to call for help. Nothing. No signal. No connection. No way to alert his neighbours.</para>
<para>Your first thought is triple zero, but that's not our reality in country South Australia. Lucas told me straight: you do not rely on triple zero in the country. He had a better chance of saving his home by ringing the CFS member down the road, or his neighbour, than waiting for emergency services. So he tried to call his neighbours, tried to call the CFS, then threw his phone in the ute and started fighting the fire alone. His neighbours helped only because they happened to drive by, saw some smoke in the rear-view mirror and turned around. They grabbed the fire unit and they came back. This is what neighbours do for each other in the country. Lucas went through 3,000 litres of water before help arrived. Forty firefighters on 10 trucks finally showed up. The damage: 56 pine trees, his header, a baler and kilometres of fencing.</para>
<para>A second fire was different only because someone was home with Starlink—a monthly subscription they now pay on top of phone bills just to make calls from their own home. Think about that reality—in 2026 a farmer pays Telstra $50 more per month than nine years ago, with worse service. Now they pay another $120 a month for Starlink. When the fires were out, Lucas walked inside and his phone exploded with delayed messages arriving at 11 pm—five hours after the emergency. Five hours may as well have been five years. Why is this? The facts are stark. Over nine years of coalition government, 54 mobile phone towers were put in the electorate of Grey; under this Labor government, zero. They've made promises, but there has been little action. Telcos switched off 3G despite promising no degradation in service. However, that has proven to be not true, and now they are holding back on infrastructure and banking on satellites. But satellites won't save Lucas's home when the fire breaks out. His neighbour down the road could—if Lucas could make a call. Regional Australians deserve what metropolitan residents take for granted. We need mobile phone towers in places like Whitwarta or Halbury, and across regional South Australia—not promises, not 'eventually', but now.</para>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Milan Olympic Winter Games, Sport</title>
          <page.no>224</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>10:57</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms COKER</name>
    <name.id>263547</name.id>
    <electorate>Corangamite</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I rise today to congratulate an extraordinary Australian athlete, Jakara Anthony, on her role representing our nation at this year's Winter Olympics in Italy. Jakara is a proud Barwon Heads local in my electorate of Corangamite, and while her sport takes her all over the world, she remains deeply connected to the Bellarine Peninsula, carrying her community with her onto the international stage. To be selected as our nation's flag bearer is one of the greatest honours in sport. It speaks not just to athletic excellence but to character, leadership and the respect of teammates. Jakara embodies all of that.</para>
<para>These sporting journeys don't begin on the Olympic slopes. They start years earlier. They start at places like Mount Buller, where Jakara and her family spent many winters building her skills. They start at local community and sporting clubs, schools and regional training grounds. They start with parents driving to early morning sessions, with volunteers marking fields, with councils maintaining courts, and with our federal government backing in the infrastructure that gives young Australians a chance to think big. That is exactly why the Albanese government is investing in sporting and community infrastructure across regional Australia, including in communities like mine in Corangamite, from our investments in the North Bellarine and Surf Coast aquatic centres, upgrades to netball facilities in Grovedale and Drysdale, redevelopment of the Leopold sporting precinct and a new sports stadium in the rapidly growing township of Armstrong Creek.</para>
<para>When we invest locally, we build more than venues; we create opportunity and pathways for the next generation, whether that leads to the Olympics or simply a lifelong love of sport and community. Corangamite is full of young people with talent and ambition. They deserve access to quality facilities and opportunities just like anyone else. Our government is committed to ensuring regional communities like mine are not left behind.</para>
<para>As Jakara takes to the slopes once again, chasing a second Olympic gold medal, she does so with the support of her hometown of Barwon Heads and with the entire nation behind her.I know communities right across my electorate will be watching with pride, and I encourage all Australians to get behind Jakara and every member of the Olympic team as they represent us on the world stage. Good luck to all our athletes. We're cheering you on.</para>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">The DEPUTY SPEAKER</name>
    <name.id>298800</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>In accordance with standing order 193, the time for constituency statements has concluded.</para>
</interjection>
</speech>
</subdebate.1></debate>
    <debate><debateinfo>
        <title>PRIVATE MEMBERS' BUSINESS</title>
        <page.no>225</page.no>
        <type>PRIVATE MEMBERS' BUSINESS</type>
      </debateinfo><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Iran: Human Rights</title>
          <page.no>225</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>11:00</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr NG</name>
    <name.id>316052</name.id>
    <electorate>Menzies</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I move:</para>
<quote><para class="block">That this House:</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(1) notes that:</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(a) the human rights situation in Iran remains of grave concern, including reports of the Iranian regime engaging in repression, violence against protestors, arbitrary arrests and communications blackouts;</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(b) many members of the Iranian Australian community are deeply distressed by the actions of the Iranian regime; and</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(c) the Australian Government condemns the actions of the Iranian regime and affirms Australia's support for the people of Iran in their struggle for freedom, democracy and human rights;</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(2) recognises that:</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(a) the Australian Government has taken strong action to hold those responsible for human rights abuses in Iran to account, including targeted sanctions on more than 200 Iranian individuals and entities and more than 100 Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) linked individuals and entities, as well as listing the IRGC as a state sponsor of terrorism;</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(b) the Australian Government's most recent sanctions target senior officials and entities linked to the IRGC complicit in oppressing the Iranian people, violently suppressing domestic protests, and threatening lives both inside and outside Iran; and</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(c) Australia has taken significant diplomatic steps, including:</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(i) the expulsion of the Iranian Ambassador; and</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(ii) leadership in international efforts to hold Iran accountable through the United Nations; and</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(3) affirms its:</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(a) solidarity with the people of Iran; and</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(b) ongoing commitment to the protection and promotion of human rights and democratic freedoms.</para></quote>
<para>I stand today and move this motion to affirm the House's support for the Iranian people in their brave struggle for freedom, democracy and human rights and against the Iranian regime's repression of and brutal violence against its own people. I'd like to acknowledge the members from across the parliament speaking in support of the motion and. in particular, my friend the member for Bennelong, who has long been an advocate for the Iranian people and the Iranian community in his electorate.</para>
<para>I'm honoured to represent a strong and proud Iranian community in Melbourne's east, in suburbs around Doncaster, Bulleen and Templestowe, to name a few. They are our friends, our neighbours, our children's classmates, our parents at school pick-up and our small-business owners. They share with us the richness and beauty of Iranian culture through the Persian Fair at Box Hill and the fire festival in Ruffey Lake Park.</para>
<para>Since December last year, when the protests started, I have been in contact with many members of the community and community leaders. As well, I attended a rally on the steps of the Victorian state parliament. I'd particularly like to acknowledge House of Persia and the Australian Iranian Society of Victoria for the support they have been providing to their communities in this deeply distressing time.</para>
<para>As you would expect, people's primary fears are for family and loved ones in Iran. But there is also fear for their compatriots and the country they love. This distress has been made all the worse by the regime's blackout of the internet and telecommunications to hide their atrocities and for the uncertainty it brings. As one member of our community, Sarnevaz, put it:</para>
<quote><para class="block">Many of us are living with constant fear and distress. We are cut off from reliable news from our families in Iran. We wake up every day not knowing if our loved ones are safe, able to communicate or even alive. This emotional weight does not stay at home. We carry it into our work, our parenting and our daily lives as Australians trying to cope and function while our hearts are elsewhere.</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">We are devastated, exhausted and grieving. Yet we continue to show up, contribute and hold ourselves together.</para></quote>
<para>The communications blackout has meant the Iranian community has had to rely on social media or, when they can get through, firsthand accounts from their relatives and loved ones.</para>
<para>The reports coming out of Iran are truly horrific. Conservative estimates are that the regime has killed several thousand people, but others say it could be 10 times that. I've been told of the regime leaving bodies displayed in piles in the street to act as a warning to dissenters, of families having to search for hours through body bags to find their loved ones and of people injured in the protests who sought help in hospitals only to be executed.</para>
<para>That is why I am proud to be part of a government that has taken the strongest action against the Iranian regime of any government to date. Last week, we implemented further sanctions against 20 individuals and three entities, including senior officials from the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps who have been complicit in violently suppressing protests as well as causing destabilisation in the region and further abroad. This comes on top of sanctions already applied to 200 individuals and entities, including 100 linked to the IRGC. Of course, last year we also expelled the Iranian ambassador and other Iranian officials and listed the IRGC as a state sponsor of terrorism.</para>
<para>I take this opportunity to say that the Parliamentary Joint Committee on Intelligence and Security is currently conducting a review into the listing of the IRGC. It is an important part of the parliamentary process that occurs with the listing of any organisation. Public hearings will be held shortly. Those who have already made written submissions, as well as members of the public, may request to appear. I'd encourage organisations and communities in my electorate to do so. You are welcome to get in touch with my office for any details about how to go about that.</para>
<para>As I have said before and will say again, the Australian government stands with the Iranian people in their struggle for their democratic and human rights and freedoms. We call on the Iranian regime to stop these brutal, repressive actions against their own people.</para>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">The DEPUTY SPEAKER</name>
    <name.id>298800</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>Is there a seconder for the motion?</para>
</interjection>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">Mr Laxale</name>
    <name.id>299174</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>I second the motion and reserve my right to speak.</para>
</interjection>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>11:04</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr LEESER</name>
    <name.id>109556</name.id>
    <electorate>Berowra</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>As the member for Berowra I am delighted to represent the fourth-largest Persian community in the country. Persian Australians are wonderful people, with an ancient civilisation and a modern liberal outlook. There are nearly 100,000 Persians in Australia, and they contribute to every aspect of my community, from the P&Cs to the sports clubs to the doctors and nurses at Hornsby Hospital. They're engineers, IT professionals, artists and small-business owners. They moved here to create a better life for themselves and they work every day to contribute to our country and our community.</para>
<para>I know that so many of them are here because for the past half century the Iranian regime has made their lives in Iran a living hell—a criminal regime that abuses women and minorities, a criminal regime noted for its abuse of human rights at home and its export of terror abroad, a criminal regime whose long arm follows people and intimidates them even in this country. I've been calling out Iran for a decade for its human rights violations against its own people—women, the Baha'i and other minorities—and for its terrorist proxies around the world. My proudest moment in the six years I served on the Joint Committee on Intelligence and Security was when we listed in full Iran's proxies Hamas and Hezbollah.</para>
<para>In February 2023, following the murder of Mahsa Amini, I called for the listing of the IRGC as a terrorist organisation. At that time, as shadow Attorney-General, I offered the coalition's support for any measures to help the government list the IRGC. When I hosted Senator Claire Chandler at a forum with the Persian community in my constituency in 2023—and Senator Chandler did a terrific report on human rights abuses in Iran—people told me they were afraid to come because of the long arm of the embassy and the IRGC in our own country. In October 2023 I called for diplomatic relations against Iran to be suspended, even as Labor luminaries like Bob Carr were having happy snaps with the ambassador.</para>
<para>Our government's Middle East policy has been a shambles. Australia has spent too much of the past four years berating Israel rather than standing up to Iran, when they were warned by the Persian community and the Jewish community about the danger Iran poses to Australia. It took two regime-coordinated attacks on our own soil—at Lewis' Continental Kitchen and the Adass Israel Synagogue—for this government to be dragged kicking and screaming to take action. Australia should be leading global efforts to bring the Iranian regime to justice, but the Albanese government has never acted with strength or urgency.</para>
<para>Today in Iran protests have spread across hundreds of cities and towns. Millions of ordinary people have found the courage to stand up and demand change. Many more have been murdered, arrested, tortured or left carrying trauma which will last a lifetime. More than 30,000 people have been murdered. I want to talk about just a few of these people: Sholeh Sotoudeh, a mother of two young children, from Langarud, who was pregnant with her third child when she was killed when forces opened fire on a crowd she was in; Ziba Dastjerdi, 33, who was shot and killed in front of her eight-year-old daughter at a protest at Nishapur; and 40-year-old Soran Feyzizadeh, who died because of torture he was subjected to while being held following his arrest on 7 January—reports say his body was barely recognisable due to the extent of injuries caused by repeated blows. And there is 15-year-old Taha Safari, one of the youngest victims of the protestors, who was detained by authorities, his body handed to his family three days later, and 28-year-old Negin Ghadimi, shot with live ammunition, cleaving her body from her stomach; unable to get to the hospital, she died in the arms of her father.</para>
<para>We hear of widespread sexual violence, including against children. An Iranian-born journalist said in recent days, 'No women's bodies are turning up, and that's because, according to eyewitness accounts, they're raped, their uteruses are removed, their scalps ripped off along with their hair, and their bodies covered in cigarette burns.' This is a regime of pure evil.</para>
<para>And we know Iran has Australia in its sights. Radical Islamist extremism should have no place in this country. It's time we looked the Ayatollah in the eye and said, 'Enough.' I want the world to know that we stand with the Persian people. I honour all those who speak up and who want Iran to live out its destiny as a free democratic nation, not a pariah state under a brutal criminal dictatorship. I want an Iran where the Iranian people freely choose their future, far from the jackboot of a police state. I want an Iran where women have the same rights and freedoms they enjoy in Australia. I want an Iran where women and girls can go about their lives without fear, where they can dress as they choose, pursue an education, build careers and shape their futures. I want an Iran where children go to school to learn and grow and are not subjected to political or religious extremism and indoctrination, and where families live their daily lives in peace. To those protesting in Iran I say: you may live under the sword of fear, but you are counted among the champions of liberty. We see you, we hear you, we stand with you and we will not be silent.</para>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>11:10</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr LAXALE</name>
    <name.id>299174</name.id>
    <electorate>Bennelong</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>In Bennelong, our Iranian Australian community is strong, proud and deeply connected to family and loved ones in Iran. Over recent years, I've heard from many across my electorate whose messages are clouded in desperation, many asking for hope and all asking for the stories of their family and friends to be told by those who can. Today, I want to use this opportunity of this debate to amplify the voices of the Iranian Australian community in Bennelong and to bring those voices directly to this parliament. I want to speak about their courage and about the horrific cruelty in Iran.</para>
<para>Earlier this year, the Iranian people once again did what free people everywhere have done throughout history. They asked for dignity, accountability and a voice in their own future. For that, they were met not with dialogue but with force. Iran has shown the world that standing up to an oppressive regime has no borders. Across countries, cities and communities, including my own in Bennelong, hundreds and thousands of Iranians have raised their voices to shine a light on what is happening to the women, men and children who are standing up to the regime in Iran. Inside Iran, peaceful protest has been treated as a crime. Grief has been criminalised. Arbitrary arrest, intimidation, violence and the silencing of truth have become tools of state control. Women and girls, journalists, activists, minorities, individuals have been targeted simply for asserting their basic rights. Many remain unaccounted for. Tragically, many more have lost their lives.</para>
<para>These are not abstract events on a distant news ticker for Iranian Australians. They are deeply personal, and their impact is felt far beyond Iran's borders. Families have been cut off from one another. People cannot call their parents, children or siblings. And, for those who can get through, many report something even more chilling: third parties on the phone listening in, interrupting conversations and warning them not to speak about what is happening. Here in Australia, many Iranian Australians live with a constant anxiety of not knowing whether their family are safe. They measure time in missed calls, unanswered messages and the terrible silence that follows a protest crackdown. And yet, despite fear and uncertainty, Iranian Australians continue to stand up and speak out in our streets in our communities and by bringing their stories directly to this parliament. Their courage doesn't stop at Iran's borders. It travels with them.</para>
<para>That shared courage inside Iran and across the Iranian diaspora carries with it a responsibility for those of us who have the freedom to speak to speak out, because the desire for freedom does not disappear when it's beaten down. It doesn't vanish when the internet is cut, when phones go dead or when fear is meant to do the regime's work for it. It simply finds a new way to be heard. When those voices are raised here in Australia, our responsibility is clear. Our responsibility is not to look away, because silence only helps the oppressor. Bearing witness matters and speaking truth matters. That's why this motion is so important and why I'm proud to second it alongside the fantastic member for Menzies, representative of the largest Iranian Australian community in the country. He serves that community so well, and I congratulate him for bringing this motion here today.</para>
<para>This motion moved by members of the government backs in our tough and principled stance against Iran since we came to government in 2022. We've imposed targeted sanctions on more than 200 Iranian individuals and entities, including over 100 linked to the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps. We've strengthened our autonomous sanctions framework so we can directly target those responsible. We've listed the IRGC as a state sponsor of terrorism, which, importantly, criminalises here in Australia support and cooperation of the IRGC. We've backed that with decisive diplomatic action, including expelling Iran's ambassador to Australia and withdrawing our own ambassador too.</para>
<para>To the Iranian people inside Iran, in my home in Bennelong and right across the world, please know this: you are seen, you are heard and your call for change and your action do not echo into the void. Today they speak loudly, here in this parliament, and, for as long as it takes, we'll continue to share your stories, your struggles, and stand with you here.</para>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>11:14</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr VIOLI</name>
    <name.id>300147</name.id>
    <electorate>Casey</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>'Woman, life, freedom.' 'Say her name: Mahsa Amini.' These are just two of the protest movement slogans that have been chanted by Iranians, and Persians all around the world and here in Australia, since September 2022. And we can never forget Mahsa Amini, brutally murdered for wanting to live a life of freedom.</para>
<para>How has this transpired, over three years? We now live with a situation where there are reports—and credible reports, from Iran International—that over 36,500 Iranians were killed in a massacre. Thirty-six thousand, five hundred Iranians killed—for what? For protesting—for wanting to stand up for their rights and have freedom. This protest has been going for over three years, and it continues to escalate. I want to send my support and solidarity to those in the Iranian community in Casey and in the outer east, and to their families, friends and loved ones at home in Iran. You are not alone. We stand with you. We support you.</para>
<para>This journey has not just happened today. It has been going for over three years. I was proud, in the last term of parliament, to stand with my good friend the former member for Menzies, Keith Wolahan, to sponsor political prisoners. Some of those political prisoners paid the ultimate price—being murdered in prison for their beliefs.</para>
<para>In politics, too often people do things because it's easy or because they have to do it as a member of parliament. I want to pay tribute right now to Keith Wolahan. He's no longer in this House, but he's still fighting for the Iranian community. Yesterday he was in Melbourne joining the Iranian protesters to show his support and addressing the crowd—a man of conviction, who has strength in his beliefs, who didn't turn up to support the Iranian community in the last term of parliament because it was his responsibility as a parliamentarian, as he proved yesterday. He's there with the Iranian community through their journey because it is his responsibility as a human. It is his responsibility as the principled person that he is. I congratulate him for showing, not with words but with actions, his strength. He's a great man, and I look forward to continuing to support and work with Keith as we support the Iranian community all across the country.</para>
<para>But the coalition have been calling for action on the IRGC and wanting them to be listed as a terrorist organisation since 2022 and before. Since I came into this parliament, I've been calling for that. So forgive me if it is galling to see the government pat themselves on the back for finally realising, in November 2025, that they should list the IRGC as a terrorist organisation—</para>
<para>An honourable member: After the synagogue—</para>
<continue>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">Mr VIOLI</name>
    <name.id>300147</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>After synagogues had been attacked and after the Lewis Continental Kitchen had been attacked by the IRGC, in November 2025, this government finally acted. But let's not pretend that that was a surprise. The Iranian community in Australia had been calling for that for years. The coalition had been calling for it for years. Security experts had been calling for the IRGC to be listed as a terrorist organisation for years.</para>
<para>The answer we will never know and can never know, but a question which many people have is: if those cries had been listened to in 2022, three years before the IRGC-coordinated attacks in our country on the Jewish community, could those attacks have been prevented? Could they have been prevented if the IRGC had been listed in 2022—as so many in the community, including the coalition, had called for?</para>
<para>This government does not get the right to rewrite history and pretend that they acted ahead of time. There were warnings. There was commentary. I can provide the <inline font-style="italic">Hansard</inline> showing me, Keith Wolahan, Senator Claire Chandler, the member for Berowra Julian Leeser and many others calling for action in 2022, and it took until November of 2025.</para>
<para>The Iranian people in Australia and in Iran deserve better. We will continue to stand with them and continue to fight for them. <inline font-style="italic">(Time expired)</inline></para>
</continue>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>11:20</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Dr GARLAND</name>
    <name.id>295588</name.id>
    <electorate>Chisholm</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I think it's really important that we conduct this debate with grace, and I have no intention of demeaning this debate by responding to some pretty poor comments from the previous speaker. What I do want to do, though, is thank the member for Menzies for putting this motion to the House. He is of course my neighbour in our adjoining seats in Melbourne.</para>
<para>The human rights situation in Iran is dire, and I want to speak in support of the Australian Iranian community. We know how appalling and horrifying the situation is, and I know how deeply it affects the Iranian community that call Chisholm home. More than a thousand Australian Iranian people live in Chisholm. Long before I became a member in this place, I stood in solidarity with the Iranian people. I have stood in solidarity with Iranian people for years, attending many events over the years. I've long had friends from Iran who have shared with me pretty horrifying stories and who have lived through some things that I would not imagine anyone should have to live through. I will continue to stand in solidarity with the people of Iran against the brutality of the Iranian regime, today and every day. I really want to acknowledge that many people in our community, many people who I know and care about deeply in the diaspora community, carry trauma with them. I really want to acknowledge the courage that they've shown in sharing their stories with me and with other members of this House.</para>
<para>Our government stands in solidarity with the Iranian people in their brave struggle against oppression. We condemn the Iranian regime's agenda of violence against its own people and will continue calling on Iran on the international stage to protect the rights of its citizens to peaceful protest.</para>
<para>Our government has taken stronger action to hold the Iranian regime to account than any other Australian government to date. We've bolstered our autonomous sanctions framework to target those involved in oppression inside Iran, including against women and girls. In 2022, we were at the forefront of international efforts to remove Iran from the Commission for the Status of Women, and we co-sponsored the successful Human Rights Council resolution establishing an independent investigation into human rights violations in Iran.</para>
<para>In an unprecedented diplomatic step, we've declared Iran's ambassador to Australia, along with three other officials, persona non grata. They've been expelled and we have withdrawn Australia's ambassador to Iran. We've also sanctioned more than 200 Iran-linked persons and entities, including more than 100 IRGC-linked individuals and entities.</para>
<para>Since 3 February, we have imposed further targeted financial sanctions on Iran and have taken this action in coordination with our international partners, including the UK and the EU. We are absolutely committed to ensuring that our sanctions have the maximum impact. Those sanctioned under our further financial sanctions include senior officials and entities of Iran's Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps. This builds on the Australian government's listing of the IRGC as a state sponsor of terrorism. The IRGC are complicit in the oppression of the Iranian people. They continue to violently suppress domestic protests and threaten lives in and outside of Iran.</para>
<para>I will not stop, and I know this Labor government will not stop, fighting for the Iranian people. The killing of protesters must end, arbitrary arrests must end, telecommunications blackouts must end, and the blatant human rights abuses must end.</para>
<para>To the Australian Iranian community in my electorate of Chisholm and across the country, I have one message: know that you are not alone. During this time, we share your horror at the events in Iran and we understand that you may be distressed by the actions of the Iranian regime, but know that we will always support you. As a personal commitment, my door is always open to members of the Iranian Australian community in my electorate of Chisholm. It has always been a pleasure to work alongside them, and I look forward to continuing to do so even in these darkest of days.</para>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>11:24</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr TIM WILSON</name>
    <name.id>IMW</name.id>
    <electorate>Goldstein</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I'm happy to support the spirit of this motion. It isn't just a motion about our solidarity with the people of Iran; it's also about our solidarity with all people everywhere who want to live in freedom and safety, avoiding the tyranny of extremism, Islamic extremism, and oppression as occurs under the IRGC in Iran.</para>
<para>You just need to look at some pretty brutal realities. We currently have tens of thousands if not hundreds of thousands of people on the streets of Iran standing up for a basic thing, which is their right to be able to determine their own future, to be able to make a choice about how they are going to live out their lives free from the oppression of the government that wants to impose a radical form of religious theocracy to enforce people to conform. We know what happens to women; we know what happens to homosexuals; we know what happens to other minority groups. And it's not just those groups as the IRGC seek to export their terrorism around the world. We've seen, in the case of Australia, where they have financed directly and engaged in state-sponsored terrorism against synagogues in Melbourne. We also know they have a direct connection with the illegal tobacco trade, which they used to finance attacks on our soil. Tragically, some government policies assist them in that process of profiteering from the practice, to use it to promote things like antisemitism and violence against Australians of Jewish heritage. We know the consequences that have befallen the people who have chosen to stand up against the mullahs in Tehran; 30,000 odd people have been reported. We know full well that they continue to target people, shut down pathways to communicate with the rest of the world and stop us all bearing witness to the horrors of the IRGC.</para>
<para>What's tragic about this situation, more than anything else, is we have known for a long time that this situation would come. We know the IRGC simply takes power through force, and that's why we wanted to list them as a terrorist organisation in the last term of parliament. I remember when I was involved in the listing of Hamas and Hezbollah as terrorist organisations, it was a relatively straightforward process. To this day, it is still distressing that it took the firebombing of synagogues, sponsored by the Iranian government, for our government to act and acknowledge the IRGC and its state-sponsored terrorism as a threat, not just to Australia but to the international community.</para>
<para>Now we face a choice about how we're going to respond. We know that this challenge is going to be one where we have to stand by the Iranian people at every step. Last week I stood on the steps of Parliament House and spoke at a protest. I spoke specifically about how disappointing it is that so many people who used to flood the capital cities of our nation for the victims of the Israel Hamas conflict—one where terrorist organisations attack the free state and then that free state chooses to respond to defend their citizens. And make no mistake: all civilian deaths are a tragedy; it does not matter the context in which it occurred. I spoke about how so many of those people went out into the streets and stood up for the civilian victims of Gaza—and fair enough, they have every right to do so—yet we have seen a conspicuous conspiracy of silence from the same core group within the community about the 30,000 people who have been murdered by the IRGC in Iran. They have not stood up for the people of Iran, and we need to call this out because it highlights the double standard and Jew hatred that occurs within some sections of the community if they won't stand up against the oppression of the Iranian people.</para>
<para>Now is the time people are rising up and now is the time that we must stand by them. We must, of course, support them in their actions as much as possible and give them comfort and hope. And to those people in Australia who have family members on the frontline standing up against the Iranian government, you have our sympathy and our support. I've had people from the Iranian community in Goldstein, as well as from across the country, contact me and say, 'Please keep speaking up on this, because it matters to the people behind the Tehran curtain.'</para>
<para>Now is the time for us to stand up and to be called to account; now is the time for all of us to show solidarity where it belongs. The consequence, if the Iranian people are successful—and of course we always look for opportunities where we can intervene to support them in achieving their shared objective of self-determination—is we will have an Iran that is free of the mullahs and their tyrannical regime, a world where we're less likely to have radical extremist ideology that seeks to oppress people and less state-sponsored terrorism in Iran, in the region and around the world. But if we fail, we know there will be a perpetuation of those terrors and those horrors on the people who have done nothing more than want to stand up and say they want their voice, their freedom, and to decide their future.</para>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>11:29</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms CLAYDON</name>
    <name.id>248181</name.id>
    <electorate>Newcastle</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I rise to support this important motion moved by my friend and colleague the member for Menzies, and I thank him for bringing the human rights catastrophe in Iran to the attention of this chamber. What we are witnessing in Iran is not an isolated or fleeting crisis. It's a sustained and systemic assault on fundamental human rights. Iranian citizens continue to face brutal repression for the simple act of demanding dignity, freedom and equality. Since the death of Mahsa Amini in custody in 2022, the Iranian regime has responded to peaceful protests with violence, mass arrests, draconian detention, torture and executions. Women are persecuted, beaten and imprisoned for resisting compulsory veiling laws. Protesters are crushed by a regime that rules through fear, arbitrary detention and force. Families are left grieving loved ones who dare to speak out.</para>
<para>Australia has been clear eyed and resolute in our response to these shocking abuses of human rights. The Australian government has stood shoulder to shoulder with the international community in calling for the protection of rights of Iranian citizens. We have used every appropriate diplomatic and multilateral forum to condemn Iran's actions and to demand accountability for those responsible, and we will continue to do so. Importantly, we have strengthened Australia's autonomous sanctions framework so that we can directly target individuals and entities involved in oppression.</para>
<para>Since 2022, Australia has sanctioned more than 220 Iranian linked persons and entities, including over 100 officials and organisations linked to the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps. The government has also taken the significant step of expelling the Iranian Ambassador to Australia, and we have consistently and forcefully raised our concerns with Iran about its human rights abuses, its destabilising actions in the Middle East and its foreign interference here in Australia.</para>
<para>The decision to expel the ambassador followed deeply disturbing revelations by the Australian Federal Police that Iran had directed on at least two occasions antisemitic attacks on Australian soil. Those attacks were thwarted, but let's be clear that agents of Iran dared to plan a violent attack in our country. That behaviour represents a profound breach of trust, a direct threat to Australian sovereignty and an affront to the safety of our people. Australia will never tolerate foreign intimidation, extremism or terror, and, when our values and security are challenged, we respond decisively. Collectively, the actions of the Australian government matter, and they bring home the threat of state sponsored terrorism and malicious foreign interference for all Australians to see.</para>
<para>On 27 January, I attended a candlelight vigil in Civic Park, Newcastle, to mourn the thousands of innocent lives lost to the brutality of the Iranian regime. I stood alongside members of our local Iranian community—people who carry immense grief, trauma and courage with them every day. The vigil was deeply moving, solemn and powerful and marked a quiet strength and an unyielding demand for justice. I want to acknowledge Diana Abdollahi, who invited me to attend the vigil. Dianna shared with me stories of loss, fear and resilience. She introduced me to those who have lost loved ones, sons, daughters, siblings and best friends—taken by a regime determined to silence dissent and conceal their deadly crackdown on protesters and other dissidents. These conversations are ones I will never forget.</para>
<para>To the Iranian community in Newcastle and across the country and indeed the citizens of Iran, I want to say this: you are not alone. Your voices are heard in this parliament, and your grief, your anger and your hope matter. Australia stands with you. We stand with the women of Iran who refuse to be erased. We stand with the protesters who risk everything for freedom, and we stand with those who have lost loved ones but continue to speak their names. Parliament has a responsibility to speak clearly when human rights are under attack, and today I am pleased that this chamber chooses to stand together in unity and with purpose. This is important.</para>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>11:34</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr REBELLO</name>
    <name.id>316547</name.id>
    <electorate>McPherson</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I rise to support this motion moved by the member for Menzies. I do so, however, with a profound sense of frustration. While the words contained in the motion are welcome, the reality is that the action it gestures towards has come far too late. For years, the coalition has urged the government to take stronger, clearer and more decisive action against the Iranian regime, both for its brutal repression of its people and for its malign activities beyond its borders. The question before us is not whether action is justified—that has never been in doubt. The real question is why the government waited so long.</para>
<para>The human rights situation in Iran has been dire for years, not months. We've witnessed violent crackdowns on peaceful protesters, arbitrary arrests and executions, and the systematic oppression of women and girls. We've seen communication blackouts imposed to conceal the scale of violence from the world, actions repeatedly documented by international partners and human rights organisations. These are not sudden developments; they are the predictable behaviour of a regime that has repeatedly demonstrated its contempt for basic human dignity and the rule of law.</para>
<para>Let me also state clearly: the Iranian regime is not a friend of Australia's, but the Iranian people are. Australia has long stood in solidarity with the Iranian people, particularly the courageous women and girls who continue to demand equality and freedom despite grave personal risk. Our disagreement is not with a civilisation or a culture but with the actions of a government that has consistently chosen repression over reform. Yet for too long this government hesitated, issuing statements while abuses continued and delaying decisive action at precisely the moment leadership was required.</para>
<para>Even more concerning is that Iran's malign influence has not stopped at its borders. Australian authorities have taken serious steps after intelligence linked Iranian state actors, including the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps, to activities that were designed to intimidate communities and even to direct attacks on Australian soil. Members of the Iranian-Australian community have also reported intimidation, surveillance and threats extending beyond Iran's borders. They were not asking for rhetoric; they were asking for protection, for clarity and for leadership. Too often, they were met instead with delay.</para>
<para>It's precisely because events in Iran do affect Australia that a strong and principled stance matters. Stability in the Middle East is directly tied to the security of global shipping routes and energy markets upon which Australia's economy relies. When regimes engage in destabilising conduct, whether through proxy activity, interference abroad or repression at home, it's not a distant issue. It has real implications for Australia's national security, our economic interests, and the safety of Australians here and overseas. The government now points to sanctions and diplomatic measures as evidence of resolve, but let us be clear: these actions were not proactive—they were reactive. The coalition has consistently called for stronger and earlier sanctions, decisive action against the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps, and a tougher stance on Iranians and Iranian officials complicit in repression and terrorism. It should not have taken sustained pressure from the opposition, from civil society and from diaspora communities for this government to finally act. Leadership means acting before atrocities escalate, not after international outrage becomes impossible to ignore.</para>
<para>The coalition's position has been clear and consistent. We stand with the people of Iran. We stand with women and girls who are courageously resisting oppression, and we believe Australia must take a firm, principled stance against regimes that brutalise their own people and seek to undermine democratic societies abroad. We'll continue to call for immediate accountability for human rights abuses, stronger protections for diaspora communities here in Australia and early decisive action against hostile foreign influence.</para>
<para>This motion is necessary, but it should not be mistaken for leadership. Leadership requires courage, speed and moral clarity. The Australian people and the Iranian people deserve that leadership much sooner. The coalition will continue to hold this government to account until words are consistently matched by action.</para>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>11:39</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr GREGG</name>
    <name.id>315154</name.id>
    <electorate>Deakin</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I rise to support this important motion brought forward by the member for. Menzies. As the members for Menzies and Chisholm have already outlined, we have a wonderful Iranian community in Melbourne's east. They've been deeply concerned about the policies of the Iranian regime for some time, but this concern has only sharpened since the horror and outrage of the events we've seen since 28 December last year. The regime has massacred thousands of Iranians while attacking and arresting many thousands more for participating in peaceful protest. It has imposed nationwide internet and telecommunications blackouts in an attempt to conceal the scale of their brutality. The bravery of the Iranian people cannot be overstated. They have taken part in political action against a regime infamous for its brutal persecution of political activities. With the full knowledge of the evil they are confronting, the Iranian people have taken to the streets to fight for a better future.</para>
<para>My office has been inundated with calls and emails from members of the Iranian Australian community who have been watching the events in Iran in horror and anguish. My message to them and to everyone in my community is that I commend the bravery of the Iranian people as they stand up for their dignity and their fundamental rights. I strongly condemn the killing of protesters, arbitrary arrests, intimidation and the use of excessive and lethal force by the Iranian regime against its own people. Too many lives have been lost, and we continue to stand with you at this horrifying time.</para>
<para>The Albanese government is part of the international call on Iran to protect the rights of its citizens to peaceful protest and to cease the killing of protesters, the use of force, arbitrary arrests and telecommunications blackouts. They have to stop. Our government has taken strong action to hold the Iranian regime to account. We have sanctioned more than 200 Iran linked persons and entities, including more than 100 IRGC linked individuals and entities. We bolstered our autonomous sanctions framework to enable us to target those involved in oppression inside Iran, including against women and girls. We took the unprecedented step to expel Iran's ambassador to Australia and withdrew Australia's ambassador to Iran. The government listed Iran's Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps, the IRGC, as a state sponsor of terrorism. We are at the forefront of efforts to remove Iran from the Commission on the Status of Women and co-sponsored the successful UN Human Rights Council resolution establishing an independent investigation into human rights violations in Iran.</para>
<para>Just last week, on 3 February, we imposed further targeted financial sanctions on Iran in response to the regime's horrific use of violence against its own people. We've taken this action in coordination with our partners, including the UK and the EU, to ensure these sanctions have the greatest impact. The 20 individuals and three entities sanctioned include senior officials and entities of Iran's Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps who are complicit in oppressing the Iranian people, violently suppressing domestic protests and threatening lives both inside and outside of Iran. These sanctions build on the Australian government's listing of the IRGC as a state sponsor of terrorism and our comprehensive framework of sanctions against Iran.</para>
<para>My thoughts continue to be with people in Iran as well as the Australian Iranian community, particularly my friends in Deakin, including Masoud and Emily from Radio Neshat, who continue to be strong advocates for their community—a community that, even in Australia, continues to live in some fear of the reach of the IRGC and the Iranian regime, which continues to attempt to intimidate diaspora communities around the world to try and silence dissent and to try and undermine efforts to tell the truth about what's going on in that country. I commend the principle and bravery of the many members of our Iranian Australian community in Deakin who continue to stand up to tell their stories, to tell the stories of other Iranians and to make sure that we, as members of parliament, are aware of what is going on and that that regime continues to be held to account.</para>
<para>I share the horror with other members of this parliament of what we are seeing from the Iranian regime and will continue to stand with the Iranian people and Iranian Australians as they continue speaking up for freedom and fighting for what is right in Iran. The people of Iran deserve to live in peace, they deserve to live in freedom and they deserve to have all of us stand up with them. I'm pleased to say that, across the political spectrum in Australia, we do just that.</para>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>11:44</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Dr HAINES</name>
    <name.id>282335</name.id>
    <electorate>Indi</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I rise today to speak in support of this motion and to acknowledge the deeply concerning reports that continue to emerge from Iran. I stand in solidarity with Iranians everywhere. In December last year, Iranians gathered to protest economic and political conditions in their country. They were exercising their right to peacefully assemble and express their views. The Iranian regime's response was to murder its own people. There is credible evidence that, since December, the regime has killed thousands of Iranians and detained many more. At the same time, it has implemented nationwide internet and telecommunications blackouts to limit visibility of its actions. Eyewitness accounts gathered by Amnesty International suggest security forces aimed rifles and shotguns loaded with metal pellets at the heads and torsos of protesters. Tens of thousands of people have been detained, including women and girls, university students, human rights advocates, lawyers, journalists and members of ethnic and religious minorities. Authorities are refusing to provide information about detainees' whereabouts to their families. There are reports of ill treatment and torture.</para>
<para>These developments are deeply, deeply distressing to Iranian Australians, especially those with friends and family back in Iran, and they should trouble every single one of us. As a constituent from Wodonga in my electorate of Indi wrote to me this week:</para>
<quote><para class="block">Such practices contradict the principles of justice, human dignity and the rule of law. A peaceful and secure world can only be sustained through accountable and equitable governance.</para></quote>
<para>Australia must categorically reject any actions that suppress democratic freedoms and must affirm our commitment to upholding human rights whenever and wherever they are threatened.</para>
<para>Australia has expanded its existing framework of sanctions in response to recent events, and I welcome this. Earlier this month, the government announced further sanctions on individuals and entities complicit in violent suppression of domestic protests and threatening lives both inside and outside of Iran. I urge the Australian government to continue to take appropriate diplomatic steps in partnership with the EU, the UK and other international partners because we must use all available channels to promote accountability for these crimes—because that is what they are.</para>
<para>This motion affirms our solidarity with the people of Iran. Their pursuit of freedom and democracy deserves our respect and it deserves our continued laser-like attention. In standing with the people of Iran, we stand for human rights and the rule of law. We support those who bravely advocate for these values under the most perilous, difficult and dangerous circumstances.</para>
<para>Debate adjourned.</para>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Economy</title>
          <page.no>233</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>11:48</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms SPENDER</name>
    <name.id>286042</name.id>
    <electorate>Wentworth</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I move:</para>
<quote><para class="block">That this House:</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(1) notes that the:</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(a) Consumer Price Index rose 3.8 per cent in the 12 months to December 2025, up from a 3.4 per cent rise in the 12 months to November 2025;</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(b) Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA) warned last year that the Australian economy could not sustainably grow faster than 2 per cent without running into inflationary pressure;</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(c) RBA has downgraded Australia's medium term productivity growth forecasts to just 0.7 per cent, per year; and</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(d) Government undertook an economic reform roundtable with progress made on areas including nuisance tariffs and environmental approvals; and</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(2) calls on the Government to:</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(a) introduce stronger impact assessments, scrutiny and executive accountability for identifying and discontinuing costly and ineffective regulation;</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(b) rein-in Government spending, reinstate fiscal rules, reform the Charter of Budget Honesty and make ministers and departments more accountable for blowouts in budget measures;</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(c) identify how technology and artificial intelligence can support better provision of public services and government effectiveness; and</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(d) recalibrate Australia's patchwork of climate and industry policies to a framework that transitions the economy at the lowest cost.</para></quote>
<para>Australians really saw with a heavy heart the increase in interest rates last week and the increase in inflation in the past couple of months. This is of real concern to all Australians. The big question is: what do we do about it? I'm making the argument that we need to have stronger action on spending restraint. The government needs to step up on this. But, long term, we also need much more powerful action on productivity reforms if we are going to permanently address what we are seeing right now, which is that, if the economy starts to speed up, inflation will pick up and then the interest rates will have to go up again.</para>
<para>There was a bit of a debate between the major parties last week on whose plans were worse for the economy and under whose circumstances spending would go up more. Everybody is partly right. But the truth is that where we are right now is not where we need to be. Spending needs to be addressed in its own right on the basis that it has grown far too fast. It's now at 26.9 per cent, which is the highest percentage of GDP for many years outside of the pandemic. That public sector spending is not consistent with a strong private growth economy given the current issues with productivity in the economy.</para>
<para>So what can we do on spending? First is bringing in those fiscal rules and reinvigorating the Charter of Budget Honesty, which has been ridden roughshod over by both the major parties for a period of time. We need to have a set of rules that basically say, 'You can't grow government spending faster than the long-term growth rate of the economy.' Then it is about the difficult choices in pulling back government spending and making sure that, for every dollar we spend, we're actually getting the best possible outcome.</para>
<para>A big area I see this in is infrastructure spending. The government has a pipeline of over $100 billion, with $32 billion overspent at the moment because of the confluence of public-sector and private-sector demand. Frankly, a whole bunch of those projects don't even have a strong business case to back them in the first place. I'm someone who has really significantly backed climate change policies, but they have to be done on a lowest-cost basis. For instance, the EV fringe benefits tax is an area where I think we should be pulling back, because there are cheaper ways of lowering carbon in our economy than through that tax.</para>
<para>Then the other question is: how do we make better outcomes with every dollar that we spend in the public sector? This is where the government has been very slow to move on using, for instance, AI and automation to better deliver public services. It took them 3½ years to give us an AI plan, which I've read, and it is not very good on the detail. Frankly, this is the opportunity to deliver better outcomes for the community without putting more pressure on government spending. I think this is the area where the government really needs to be much, much, much more ambitious.</para>
<para>Then it really comes down to how we help the private sector and the non-market sector drive productivity over time. The problem with driving productivity is that it's not a fast turnaround. I respect that the government has done some important work on things like the nuisance tariffs, the passing of the environmental laws and construction codes. Those are all useful things that the government has done. But it takes time to move productivity along. Again, that means going faster and harder and recognising that these benefits will take time.</para>
<para>This is an area where the government has said it will step up, in reforming regulations and measuring effectiveness in terms of regulatory burdens on business. But it's been around six months now since the productivity roundtable, and we're no closer to having concrete measures of how the government is going to do this. I haven't seen any stronger incentives for the government, in putting in the system, to say, 'This is how we're going to make it easier for people to do business.' It has to translate into real-world action on the ground. There's a lot of goodwill. I believe there's a lot of desire to do the right thing, but there's got to be pressure and a drive that we haven't yet seen from the government to really make a difference in these areas.</para>
<para>The government is also unwilling, it seems, to really, properly look at industrial relations reform. It has changed a lot of industrial relations in the last three years. There are many benefits to workers, but there have been no assessments of the relative cost to productivity and how to find the right balance there. I think this is where, if the government is serious about productivity, it could go back to the PC and say, 'Assess IR on the basis not of ideology but of benefits to workers, costs to productivity and how we get the right balance.' It is an area where I do want to see the government, frankly, be more ambitious. Finally, it is making sure that governments give quick answers to businesses, because agencies like the ATO and others take a long time to deliver answers. That is a problem for the government, for the productivity of businesses.</para>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">The DEPUTY SPEAKER</name>
    <name.id>265980</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>Is the motion seconded?</para>
</interjection>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">Ms Chaney</name>
    <name.id>300006</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>I second the motion and reserve my right to speak.</para>
</interjection>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>11:53</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms CLUTTERHAM</name>
    <name.id>316101</name.id>
    <electorate>Sturt</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I thank the member for Wentworth for her remarks, and I share her view that supporting the private sector, as the beating heart of productivity in this country, is vital. The economy, including productivity, cost of living and growth, is central to the Albanese Labor government's agenda. Increases to productivity and growth are what this government's policy initiatives are directed at, as is providing help and assistance with the cost of living to Australian families.</para>
<para>It is clear that inflation rates are higher than desirable, and we do not shy away from that. It is also clear that inflation is lower than its peak and significantly lower than when we came to government, but, history aside, it is still too high. Inflation and what drives it is not linear. It's not black and white. It's not one thing or another. It's a mix of fluid and ever-changing factors that need to be constantly monitored and adapted to. Factors like the time of year, private demand, climate, the labour market, global challenges and government policy all play a role in the ingredients that make up the inflation cake. Sometimes one factor plays a bigger role, sometimes smaller. It's not linear, and it's not as simple as saying, 'Just cut this,' 'Just do that,' or, 'Just change this.' The current data shows that our inflation challenge is a mix of temporary factors, like the end of energy rebates and an increase in travel costs over the summer, and persistent pressures in areas like housing. This combination underpins the fact that inflation doesn't always moderate in a straight line. The mix of factors are relevant and present, but they do not necessarily matter to the millions of Australians, myself included, with a mortgage, who will need to manage the 25 basis point increase. Families and businesses will be impacted, and many will have to make difficult decisions.</para>
<para>A decision may be widely expected, but it is still a decision that has impact. We are aware of this impact. The government understands that many Australians are still under pressure and that responsible cost-of-living relief remains important. That cost-of-living relief includes tax cuts for every Australian worker. In addition to the first round of tax cuts, Australian taxpayers will receive a further two rounds of personal income tax cuts from 1 July this year. A new thousand-dollar instant tax deduction will be introduced from the 2026-27 financial year, which taxpayers will be able to claim instead of individual work related expenses.</para>
<para>The government's healthcare and education initiatives also fall under the umbrella of cost-of-living relief, because every policy this government introduces is underpinned by a laser-sharp focus on economic management. The cheaper medicines initiative, which began on 1 January this year and which reduced PBS medications to just $25 per script or $7.70 for concession card holders, was not just about healthcare. It is about easing the economic conditions for the average Australian household. Free TAFE, grants for apprentices and 20 per cent off all forms of student debt—university, TAFE, VET and apprenticeships—is not just education reform. It is economic reform for the individual beneficiary and their household.</para>
<para>Cheaper child care provides more children access to early education, but it's not just about access to early education; it is an issue of economic management. Pay rises for early childhood educators are about recruitment and retention into this vital industry, because we know that we need more highly skilled early childhood educators to educate the children of other skilled professionals if that is what they choose for their children. Education is the driver of this initiative, but it is not the only consideration. Enabling access to the paid labour market for parents so that they can contribute to the economy is a key and deliberate aspect of this initiative.</para>
<para>These economic initiatives are being prosecuted in parallel with structural budget repair. MYEFO illustrated that the Albanese Labor government has found more than $114 billion in savings and that the budget is in fact $233 billion better off than when Labor came to government. There is less debt in every year of the forward estimates because of the policy decisions that have improved the bottom line. Finding savings and embarking on restructures of government programs to deliver efficiency gains will always be preferrable to reducing services, increasing taxes or cutting important areas like Defence spending, something that forms a critical part of government spending and which we simply cannot afford to reduce.</para>
<para>There are some signs of progress, but last week's RBA decision shows that more progress is required. Therefore, progress in this respect and progress in respect of the economy will be the focus of the government's agenda in this year's budget and beyond.</para>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>11:58</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms CHANEY</name>
    <name.id>300006</name.id>
    <electorate>Curtin</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>Last week the Reserve Bank raised the official cash rate from 3.6 to 3.85 per cent in response to rising inflation. Raising interest rates makes borrowing money more expensive, so businesses and households spend less. This is a blunt instrument that the RBA uses to cool the economy. This is bad news for many Australians, because higher interest rates directly increase the cost of living, particularly for households with mortgages, small businesses carrying debt and rents whose landlords have to pass on their increased mortgage costs. For millions of people it means higher repayments, less disposable income and tougher decisions about everyday spending.</para>
<para>Raising interest rates works largely by hurting poorer and more vulnerable households first. Wealthier households without mortgages or living on savings can continue spending, while those already living on the edge are forced to cut back on spending, which is ultimately how higher rates slow the economy. Annual inflation is now at 3.8 per cent, above the RBA's formal target range of two to three per cent. Inflation matters because it erodes our standard of living, particularly for households whose incomes don't keep pace with prices. Right now, there's ongoing political debate about what has caused the recent inflation pressures. The Treasurer points to strong private sector demand—that is, households and businesses spending more. The opposition points to high levels of public or government spending. In reality, both played a role, and finger pointing does little to solve the problem for your average Australian.</para>
<para>What matters now is what we do about it, and it's time for some serious ambition on economic reform. The government can put downward pressure on inflation in a few different ways. One response is reducing government spending. Spending is at its highest level since 1988 other than during the pandemic, and the government needs to reinstate fiscal rules and make ministers and departments more accountable for the blowouts in budget measures. Another approach is improving the efficiency of government spending. Government should be focused on delivering government services more efficiently so we get better bang for our buck and there's an opportunity to do this with our climate and industry policy. In the absence of a market based carbon price, support for decarbonisation relies on ad hoc subsidies and grant programs that often lack transparency, encourage rent seeking and fail to drive economy-wide adjustment. A carbon price combined with targeted industry policies such as R&D incentives and workforce transition support would provide a far more efficient framework, replacing piecemeal interventions with clear economy-wide signals.</para>
<para>The most important way to address inflation sustainably is lifting productivity, or working out how to make more goods and services with fewer resources. With high productivity, increased spending leads to more output. With low productivity, it leads to higher prices. It's like the speed limit on the economy. Productivity is also the main driver of rising living standards over generations. We live better than people did a century ago not because we work harder but because we produce far more with the same amount of effort. As Paul Krugman famously said, 'Productivity isn't everything, but in the long run it's almost everything.' That's why it's concerning that the RBA has downgraded its medium term productivity growth assumption to just 0.7 per cent per year. In the nineties and the early 2000s, growth above two per cent was common and supported rising wages and living standards. Today, a lower productivity ceiling weighs directly on incomes and opportunity. Improving productivity is difficult, but we've had a productivity roundtable that's not yet delivered results, and the Productivity Commission released a five-year report in 2023 that included recommendations on how to improve productivity in education, migration, workplace relations, technology, business dynamism, the Public Service and decarbonisation. These remain good ideas.</para>
<para>Reducing unnecessary regulation is an example that's critical. A typical small business must comply with thousands of pages of federal, state and local rules. Regulations are easy to add but hard to remove, and, over time, they accumulate. Our complicated workplace relations regime is a prime example of this. In the construction industry, productivity has gone down over the last 30 years. The government should be ambitiously simplifying our workplace relations system to improve productivity. Ambitious tax reform also matters. Australia relies heavily on taxing labour income even as the working age population shrinks. Shifting the tax base away from penalising work and investment would support productivity and long-term fiscal sustainability.</para>
<para>Australia's inflation challenge cannot be solved by interest rates alone. Only by expanding the economy's productive capacity can we stabilise inflation. <inline font-style="italic">(Time expired)</inline></para>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">The DEPUTY SPEAKER</name>
    <name.id>265980</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>There being no further speakers, the debate is adjourned and the resumption of the debate will be made an order of the day for the next day of sitting.</para>
</interjection>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Education</title>
          <page.no>236</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>12:04</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms RYAN</name>
    <name.id>249224</name.id>
    <electorate>Lalor</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I move:</para>
<quote><para class="block">That this House:</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(1) acknowledges the start of the 2026 school year and the Government's record investment in Australian public schools through the Better and Fairer Schools Agreement;</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(2) notes that this agreement represents the largest Commonwealth investment in public schools by any Australian Government ever and is tied to important reforms to lift student outcomes;</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(3) recognises the importance of teachers and the steps the Government is taking to tackle the teacher shortage;</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(4) further notes that new data shows more Australians are choosing to study teaching, supported by important measures to help more people start and finish teaching degrees including through:</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(a) Commonwealth Paid Prac for teaching students;</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(b) Commonwealth Teaching Scholarships; and</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(c) reforms to strengthen teacher training;</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(5) further acknowledges the national effort being undertaken with states and territories to prevent and respond to bullying in schools; and</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(6) affirms that the Government continues to invest in schools, support teachers, and is committed to building a better and fairer education system.I stand here a proud Labor member, the member for Lalor, representing community in the outer west of Melbourne, in a seat where I follow Julia Gillard, our first female prime minister, who gave her public life to being a champion for public education in this country.</para></quote>
<para>I follow her as someone who spent 27 years in state education in Victoria, who finished as a school principal before coming to this place. I stand here proudly with the member for Bass, another teacher colleague, on my right and the member for Makin on my left. I'm proud because we are doing something to build that fairer education system that we know will transform our country, because education transforms lives, individual lives, the lives of our communities, our civil society, our economy. Education transforms our productivity. It is therefore a central pillar of any federal Labor government. I'm really pleased to see that the minister, the member for Blaxland, has been getting busy on making sure that we have a fair funding model for our schools. I note that, in the start of the 2026 school year, we can proudly say that we have delivered on national agreements to make sure that our public schools are getting the funding that they need and that our public schools are getting fair funding.</para>
<para>When we came to government, of course, we followed the Morrison government, who had made sure that private schools had all reached fair funding but had ignored what was happening in the public sector. This was not only to that government's detriment but it was to our country's detriment. We also know that there was a chronic teacher shortage. Again, we can proudly say that our education minister and our caucus have taken up with both hands to ensure that we have scholarships to attract people to teaching, and the results are already on the board, with improvements in that area and more people signing up every day with the introduction of paid paid prac, which will assist those people doing their teaching degrees to do their prac placements and not be out of pocket—all things to make sure that people are attracted to teaching.</para>
<para>As someone who spent decades in classrooms teaching our young people, I know how complex this work is. I know how much support every school, every system, every child needs to ensure that every young person in our school system reaches their potential, because this is what drives improved society and improved productivity for our country. There are lots of good economic reasons why there needs to be a significant spend to ensure fair funding in schools. As a Labor government, we don't need an economic reason to do the right thing; we only need to know that every child deserves the right to a quality education, and that's what this government is hell bent on delivering.</para>
<para>We have the national agreement across the country getting things right. What we took up when we came to government, what we found were: attendance rates were going down, high school completion was going down—this century—teacher shortages were getting worse, and the gap between advantaged and disadvantaged students was getting wider. Only Labor had a plan for Australian students and teachers. It's what our $16.5 billion Better and Fairer Schools Agreement is all about, and that's why it's so important. When those opposite scream 'spending!', I want them on the record to say they're not going to cut education funding. I want to know that up front. My community deserves to know that.</para>
<para>We're addressing the teacher shortage. It's the most important job in the world, but we don't have enough teachers. We need to attract more people to this great profession, a profession that gives you feedback every minute of the day. It's a profession that lets you see smiling children's faces, or watch children struggle with something and then come to their understanding of it in your presence, every day. I can't say this enough: those golden moments in classrooms are what our country is built on the back of. Forget the sheep's back; it's those moments in our classrooms where young people grasp a new skill, grasp a new idea, come to a new understanding, and that's why Labor supports public education.</para>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">The DEPUTY SPEAKER</name>
    <name.id>265980</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>I thank the member for Lalor. Is the motion seconded?</para>
</interjection>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">Ms Teesdale</name>
    <name.id>314526</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>I second the motion and reserve the right to speak.</para>
</interjection>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">The DEPUTY SPEAKER</name>
    <name.id>265980</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>I thank the member for Bass.</para>
</interjection>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>12:09</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr LEESER</name>
    <name.id>109556</name.id>
    <electorate>Berowra</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>This motion is full of self-congratulation and not about improving education. The reality is we are looking at an education system today under increasing pressure. Families, teachers and principals tell me the reality they're living with every day: standards are slipping, classrooms are harder to manage, teacher workloads are exploding and too many Australians are being left behind. This is a central failure of the Albanese government in education: announcements and slogans, amidst declining outcomes. It's what I hear every day from parents, and it's what's reflected in the data. Children increasingly can't read confidently at the age they're supposed to. Foundational learning's not being prioritised in the curriculum. STEM subjects are being increasingly taught by teachers who don't specialise in areas like maths and physics. Teachers are, unfortunately, increasingly having to be focused on behavioural management, distracting them from teaching.</para>
<para>This motion is about intergovernmental school funding. It's not about education outcomes. And, when you look at those outcomes, too many Australian students are going backwards. The statistics are terrible. Roughly one in three Australian school students are not mastering the reading skills they need. For a child to have a successful education, that starts with the ability to read; without it, they struggle to comprehend other areas of the curriculum and cannot fully participate in the opportunities that school is meant to provide. A University of South Australia study of students aged 11 to 14 found that the share who never read for fun jumped from 11 per cent in 2019 to 53 per cent in 2022. That's an extraordinary collapse in recreational reading in just a few years. If children aren't reading, they're not building vocabulary, fluency, comprehension and the background knowledge that makes every other subject easier. This motion doesn't talk about that.</para>
<para>It also doesn't talk about an issue that's ignored far too often, and that's boys' education. The data is clear and consistent. Boys trail girls in every NAPLAN literacy assessment—reading, writing, spelling, grammar, punctuation—in every age group. Average achievement for boys falls short of girls' in every NAPLAN domain except numeracy. Boys are twice as likely to score the lowest performance bands in literacy.</para>
<para>And this isn't a boys-versus-girls argument. We want every child to succeed. In the last two decades, we've made extraordinary strides in the education of women and girls, and those achievements must be celebrated. But there is clear data and a growing sense that the education system is letting too many of our boys fall behind. And we need to do better.</para>
<para>The most recent NAPLAN tests show that, by year 9, in writing, there's a 35-point gap between boys and girls—roughly one to two years of learning. That's an educational deficit that compounds year after year, and we see the consequences later in schooling pathways. The ABS reports that, in 2024, the year 10 to 12 apparent retention rate was 83½ per cent for women but only 76.4 per cent for male students. This motion doesn't talk about that—and it's a shame, because, rather than giving the government a pat on the back, we should be asking how we can lift these outcomes. Do we need more explicit teaching, a better and more knowledge-rich curriculum, better classroom management, less focus on screens in the early years?</para>
<para>This motion also speaks about teacher shortages. We all hear it from principals and parents, and we see it in hard-to-staff regions and subjects. When you look further into this, though, there's a second serious problem, and that's an expertise shortage, particularly in maths and science. The fastest-growing jobs in Australia need a strong grounding in maths and science, but the most recent data shows that almost 40 per cent of maths teachers and technology teachers were teaching out of field. Let me say that again: more than a third of those teaching maths aren't maths teachers. Subject knowledge matters. To teach advanced maths, you need strong maths expertise. To teach physics, you need to be able to confidently understand physics. I'm not having a crack at those teachers who are working out of field; that's not a problem they've created. But it's disappointing that, rather than talking about these issues, the government wants the parliament just to give it a pat on the back.</para>
<para>Let me turn to another concern parents raise with me regularly: schools and classrooms drifting away from education and into activism. Let me be clear. Classrooms must be a place of learning. Teachers hold a position of authority, and the teachers I know do a magnificent job. Parents send their kids to school to learn reading, writing, maths, science and all the other subjects; they don't send their kids to school to learn politics. Let's keep politics out of the classroom. <inline font-style="italic">Bluey</inline> is about dads and their kids, and it shouldn't be hijacked by pro-Hamas activists to be used in school as a propaganda tool aimed at children.</para>
<para>The priorities right now should be obvious. Teach the fundamentals well. Teach them explicitly. And ensure every student has the chance to succeed.</para>
<para>Finally, the government wants Australians to applaud its investment. But families are under pressure and costs are going up. Education costs rose 5.4 per cent in the last year and, over Labor's term in office, they rose 17 per cent. This motion doesn't recognise this. If funding goes up while outcomes go down, that's not success. If disruptions rise while learning slips, that's not reform.</para>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>12:14</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms TEESDALE</name>
    <name.id>314526</name.id>
    <electorate>Bass</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>It feels strange to me to be standing here in February. For the past 14 years, February has meant something very different to me. Every February I was welcoming new students in the classrooms, learning their names and their stories, and working closely with families to understand what each child would need to succeed that year. Some years I was teaching directly; other years I was supporting early-career teachers, helping them to build their confidence and develop the skills they needed to support students with additional needs, students learning English as an additional language or dialect, and students who required extra care and understanding.</para>
<para>At the start of a school year I've walked into classrooms with no mat, no puzzles, no games and no basic resources to teach literacy. I've seen teachers being expected to make do, to improvise or to pay for these essentials themselves. I've worked in remote schools where staff were forced to make impossible choices about what could be afforded and what could not. That is why the Better and Fairer Schools Agreement matters. Through this agreement the Albanese Labor government is delivering an additional $16.5 billion in Commonwealth funding to public schools over the next decade—the largest new investment in public schools by any Australian government ever. The funding is long term, it is reform-linked and it is designed to reach classrooms, not the upper echelons of the education departments. The investment is not abstract, it's not theoretical; it is about meeting the needs in classrooms, staff rooms and school communities across our country.</para>
<para>When I think about what this funding must deliver I think about the outcomes that it can and should make possible. It should mean that children who need that extra support in the early years receive it, early, before they fall behind. We know that timely intervention will build confidence, improve learning outcomes and strengthen a child's sense of self-worth for life. It should mean that students feel safe at school, supported by clear national action to prevent and respond to bullying, and that schools are backed to act quickly and consistently when concerns arise. It should mean that students facing mental health challenges can access a school counsellor, social worker or psychologist when they need it, not after months or years on a waiting list.</para>
<para>And it should mean that teachers are properly supported to do their jobs, that they no longer need to buy basic classroom resources out of their own pockets or to quietly keep cupboards of food stocked at their own expense because they know that many of their children are arriving at school very hungry. It'll mean that new teachers are welcomed, supported and valued so that they see teaching not as a short-term sacrifice but as a respected long-term profession. And it should mean that experienced teachers can stay in the classroom with manageable workloads, time to rest and the space to be present with their own families, rather than burning out under constant pressure. It should also mean that remote schools are never again forced to choose, such as mine was, between paying the water bill and fixing our ageing computers, because access to a quality education should never depend on the postcode in which you live.</para>
<para>This funding is not a blank cheque; it is tied to reforms that we know lift outcomes. We know stronger literacy and numeracy foundations are required. We know the evidence-based teaching that works and we have targeted support for the students who need it most. It is about making sure that children catch up, keep up and finish school with real options ahead of them, whether that's free TAFE, university or entry into the workforce.</para>
<para>And we are seeing signs of progress. More people are choosing to study teaching, more are starting their degrees and more are being supported to finish them. That momentum matters. But it will only continue if this investment is delivered as intended. The Commonwealth is stepping up. We are providing the funding, the national leadership and the reform framework required, and now it's the states and territories that must ensure that this investment reaches the classrooms, supports the teachers and makes a real difference in the communities that need it the most.</para>
<para>Education is a shared national responsibility, and it works best when governments work together and we stay focused on the outcomes. When schools thrive they spark excellence. They bring pride and purpose for students. Teachers feel empowered and our communities grow stronger. That is what this investment is about, and that is a responsibility that we all share. Our investment is targeted, our reform is real and our expectation is clear: better outcomes for all students. I commend this motion to the House.</para>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>12:19</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms ALDRED</name>
    <name.id>11788</name.id>
    <electorate>Monash</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I passionately believe that your potential should not be determined by your postcode. Unfortunately, that is not a value shared by this federal Labor government when it comes to regional communities like mine in the electorate of Monash. Before I begin my remarks, I want to acknowledge my mum, Margie, who graduated 50 years ago from the Victorian Teachers College with her friend Franne Holowko, and they've remained best friends for 50 years. My mum still tells stories of some of the students that she most loved and that she supported through different challenges. My mum taught at some of the most disadvantaged schools in Victoria. That has really stayed with me and I really appreciate that. My mum gave up a career she really loved to raise me and my three siblings and so I just want to put on the record today how special and loved she is.</para>
<para>Across our schools, to the principals, teachers, education support staff, counsellors and volunteers in my electorate of Monash, I want to say thank you, because your commitment to making sure our students, our young people, are supported not just academically but as a whole is incredibly important to our entire community. On behalf of the people of Monash, I say thank you.</para>
<para>What stands out to me is their example, which reflects something we so often see across our education system: people, young and old, doing far more than what is written in any position description. It's that quiet, consistent effort that holds school communities together. As we discuss this motion, it's important that we keep those people front and centre of our remarks as well because policy funding and reform only matter when they're genuinely supporting the people there to make a difference and shape, develop, inspire and encourage the young people in our communities.</para>
<para>I want to acknowledge a couple of really special people in my electorate. After 41 years of teaching, 21 of those years at Nyora Primary School, Karen Farbus retired at the end of 2025. Over her years as both a principal and a teacher Karen made a lasting impact on students, families and the wider community. Nyora Primary School put together a special collection of letters and memories to celebrate her contribution and the real difference that Karen has made to every individual life she's touched at that school. So to Karen Farbus I say thank you.</para>
<para>I want to acknowledge education support staff, who work incredibly hard under incredibly difficult circumstances at many of our schools across Monash. They too are often overlooked, yet they're essential to keeping classrooms functioning, particularly as schools manage increasing complexity and ongoing teacher shortages. I hear from a lot of parents locally who are grappling with challenges that have emerged, particularly since COVID and remote learning, where young people are more reluctant to attend school. I've seen an increase in school refusal. So those teacher support staff are doing a really important job. I say thank you for the huge hours that you put in and your dedication and your care for students in Monash.</para>
<para>There are also those teacher support staff that are on the front line of managing a number of behavioural and additional learning needs presented by students. In supporting students directly and assisting in classrooms, education support staff reduce pressure on teachers, who are already stretched thin. I'm talking to a lot of parents in my electorate of Monash who tell me that classroom sizes are just expanding and expanding under this Victorian Labor government, who don't care about regional communities. Many parents in my community are experiencing the impact of that every single day. So, at a time when schools are struggling to recruit and retain, these education support staff are absolutely critical.</para>
<para>I also want to say that we've got a number of other schools doing terrific work in my electorate. Newhaven College had 144 new students join in 2026, with the preps welcomed to the college with a special parade. Leongatha Primary School had a preppie, Rex Williams, so eager to start that he turned up a day early. That's been shared with me and the local paper. Wonthaggi Primary School have returned, with work well underway on some exciting new developments. Enrolments are up on last year, with lots of brothers, sisters and cousins joining the current cohort of students.</para>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>12:24</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Dr GARLAND</name>
    <name.id>295588</name.id>
    <electorate>Chisholm</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I'm really pleased to rise today to speak on what the Albanese Labor government is doing to improve our education system. I thank the member for Lalor for bringing this motion to the House. We're really putting the effort in to ensure that the system of education in this country is fairer, more accessible and better resourced. It's so important that we do this work so that all children and our teachers have assurance that the system is going to support them and their ambitions. Our government understands that our job is to keep advancing the aspirations of our youth, ensuring that those who care for them are secure, and we know that that starts with full and fair funding for our public schools.</para>
<para>When I came to this place in 2022, it followed a campaign that was committed to undoing the damage of a near decade of neglect experienced by our public schools. It followed a commitment to putting public schools on a pathway to full and fair funding, and we continue delivering upon that commitment today. I really want to thank everyone who was involved in the campaign to deliver full and fair funding. It was a really important focus for the election campaigns but, more broadly, a really important public policy conversation to have.</para>
<para>The better, fairer schools agreement delivers on full and fair funding, a 10-year agreement with state and territory governments putting an extra $16.5 billion in the education system over the next decade and another $49 billion the decade after. This represents the biggest new investment in public schools by any Commonwealth government. It represents real resources for our schools, real funding for our teachers and real tools to give our children the quality education that they absolutely deserve. It's not just about money, though. It's about making sure that the money is going to the right places. It means investment in phonics checks and numeracy checks, areas that we know are absolutely essential in children's development. This money will go to evidence based teaching and catch-up tutoring for kids who do need that little bit more support.</para>
<para>We owe our schools the very best. We owe their teachers, students and families a standard of education that reflects a wider commitment to improved student-to-teacher ratios, stronger initial teacher education and getting our educators the respect they deserve for the incredible work that they do. That's why, for the first time ever, our government is delivering paid prac, curbing the teacher shortage by incentivising degrees in education and providing practical financial support for practical training. It means giving the most important jobs in the world a secure pathway for training so that, when the time comes for our aspiring educators to teach professionally in the classroom, our students get the very best.</para>
<para>I have many teachers in my family, including both of my siblings, who are teachers, and we have some absolutely incredible teachers right across the Chisholm electorate. I want to acknowledge the work that they do each and every day, thank them for the contribution they make to our nation and commit to doing everything I can as the local member to ensure that we always have their back. We know teachers get into the education system for one simple reason: to educate our kids to take on the future. It's the role of representatives in this place to ensure that they receive the appropriate support and compensation for that work.</para>
<para>It's because of our government's focus on education that we've been able to increase the number of students who are studying education courses, are studying to be teachers, when under the previous government it was, unfortunately, falling. Our government is working with state and territory governments to deliver for our schools. We saw money—billions of dollars, tens of billions of dollars—ripped out of public schools, and we're making sure that we correct that course and that we fully fund and fairly fund our public schools in this country. This is an important priority for our government, it's an important priority for any Labor government and we know that the investments we make today are about the future. It's about the long-term stability of the education system, it's about making sure that we have a sustainable workforce of teachers who know that government is supporting them and it's about children getting the best education they can to pursue opportunities in the future.</para>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>12:29</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr CALDWELL</name>
    <name.id>306489</name.id>
    <electorate>Fadden</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>There's nothing more that I enjoy speaking about in this place than education. I say that because we think in this place often of the future of our nation and of what that looks like. I also think of education through the prism of being the son of a schoolteacher. My mother, Therese, gave her entire career to teaching—a vocation that she personally took very seriously and one that she applied herself to. She specialised in the special education of those children who needed that little bit more effort. I know that she is representative of the teaching cohort that we are so very blessed to have in that profession across our country.</para>
<para>But this Labor government continues to put up motions like this one today so that they can self-congratulate for nothing more than a photo opportunity for the minister, a big dollar headline and—bingo!—problem solved. The reality is this. They keep using the words 'better' and 'fairer', but the truth is that the outcomes are not living up to that. Their Better and Fairer Schools Agreement is a 'record investment' but by its own evidentiary fact is an admission that the system wasn't being properly funded by this government for years beforehand.</para>
<para>It's this that provides me with the greatest deal of concern about the future. The Labor government, which prides itself on being some sort of righteous custodians of the education system, quite frankly can't manage money, and that puts frontline education services at risk. What also happens when you can't manage the federal budget is the pressure that our schools are feeling. When you talk to our school principals, teachers and administrators, they say that students are coming to school feeling the pressures of social and economic hardship. If this government was serious about making the education system better and fairer, it would do more for families in order to provide food on the breakfast table, lunch in lunchboxes and dinner served at night. Instead, we've got kids turning up for school without food and without shoes, and that is not an equitable outcome or what our children deserve in this country.</para>
<para>I think about some of the schools in my electorate, and I visit many of them. One of the things that they're doing, for example, is the initiative that Principal Landon Dare has introduced at Arundel State School, which is the Mental Wealth Day, because they recognise that some of the greatest pressures on our students are no longer just in the classroom. That is an initiative that is extremely well supported by the community, who have really bought into it. Our schools continue to bear these social challenges and these government failures. Now on the horizon, I'm hearing from schools, is their uncertainty around what the Thriving Kids initiative will look like when it's rolled out in order to try and offload some of the NDIS burden that this government has created for itself. That is a big factor of uncertainty for our schools, parents and students. But, as always, our teachers will do what they do best and press on hard in the classroom.</para>
<para>In closing, I want to give a couple of quick shout-outs, because at the end of last year we had a couple of departures from local schools including that of Steve Josey from Labrador State School, who's moved down to Broadbeach. He is sorely missed by our community, and it was wonderful that he was able to attend the grade 6 graduation last year with a cohort that he'd seen through for many years. Also, my best wishes to Murray Gleadhill, who, up until last year, was the principal at Coombabah State School. He encountered some health issues, but he was able to attend the Coombabah State School grade 6 graduation. That shows the intent of these two men to give their all to those schools and their genuine engagement in what's best for the school groups. I wish both of them well in the next part of their journeys.</para>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>12:34</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms LAWRENCE</name>
    <name.id>299150</name.id>
    <electorate>Hasluck</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>At the outset, I want to acknowledge the start of the 2026 school year for students and their families and for the teachers and school staff right across Australia and especially back home in Hasluck. The beginning of the school year is always a time of energy and optimism—from new students nervously holding their parents' hands, to year 12s starting to think about life beyond school.</para>
<para>Public schools sit at the heart of Hasluck. They serve families in fast-growing suburbs such as Ellenbrook, Brabham and Aveley, as well as our long-established communities around Noranda, Bassendean, Ashfield and Midland. They reflect the diversity of our electorate, culturally, socially and economically. And they do so with professionalism, and pride and care in all that they do. Schools such as Ellenbrook Secondary College and Aveley Secondary College are supporting students in rapidly-growing areas, offering academic pathways, alongside vocational education and training that helps our students prepare for work and further study and apprenticeships.</para>
<para>In Ellenbrook, too, we now have a university study hub, to help bridge the gap for students living far from universities. I have to say that, on visiting, it is always full, as students are loving that collegiate atmosphere and being able to study when they're not on campus.</para>
<para>Schools like Governor Stirling Senior High School, Moorditj Noongar Community College and Hampton Senior High School offer specialist focus areas in the arts and sports, helping students thrive through creativity and teamwork and discipline, right from tiny tots all the way through to year 12. At the primary level, especially, at schools such as Midvale Primary School and Brabham Primary School, their focus on early literacy and numeracy and student wellbeing and community engagement lays the foundation for lifelong learning and for really upstanding citizens.</para>
<para>This is the context in which the Better and Fairer Schools Agreement matters so deeply. This agreement represents the largest Commonwealth investment in public schools by any Australian government, and it is tied to reforms that focus squarely on lifting student outcomes. It recognises that fairness in education means funding schools according to need and giving them the certainty to plan, invest and innovate for the long term. The agreement lifts the funding to 100 per cent of the schooling resource standard. It becomes another proud Labor legacy.</para>
<para>Of course, funding alone doesn't educate students; teachers do. That is why this motion rightly acknowledges the vital role of teachers and the national effort underway to address workforce shortages. Teachers in Hasluck give of themselves every day. They are educators, mentors, role models and trusted adults for young people navigating an increasingly complex world. It's encouraging to see more Australians choosing to study teaching, supported by measures such as our paid teaching practicums, teaching scholarships and our stronger initial teacher education. These initiatives help ensure that more people can enter the profession, complete their training and stay, benefiting students and school communities alike.</para>
<para>The motion also recognises the importance of preventing and responding to bullying in schools. Of course, this is an issue that families and educators take seriously, and it's part of the reason we introduced the social media ban for under-16s. Many Hasluck schools already invest heavily in wellbeing teams, pastoral-care programs and inclusive school cultures, working hand in hand with parents and the community more broadly. The national coordination strengthens this work and ensures our schools are getting the support they need to keep students safe.</para>
<para>As the 2026 year unfolds, public schools across Hasluck will continue to nurture curiosity, resilience and ambition in our young people, right alongside those private educational institutions that are very much part of our fabric. Our support acknowledges the dedication of teachers, leaders and support staff; the trust of families; and a shared belief that every child deserves a fair go. When I visit schools—from Cyril Jackson, looking at their intensive English language centre; or Woodbridge Primary School and their extraordinary art exhibitions and dance programs; Guildford Grammar School, with their absolutely magnificent cohort of students, that are moving particularly into pathways around academia; to our Australian Islamic College at Henley Brook—I see we have got a variety and diversity of schools to support students' needs and their aspirations for the future.</para>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>12:39</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr VENNING</name>
    <name.id>315434</name.id>
    <electorate>Grey</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>We're here talking about Labor's motion on the Better and Fairer Schools Agreement. Well, I think it should be called the 'Better and Fairer Schools Agreement for Our Cities'. As the member for Monash rightly pointed out earlier, your postcode does impact your education outcomes, and that's felt no more than in country and outback South Australia.</para>
<para>In the electorate of Grey I have the most primary, middle and senior schools in the entire country—146 schools, to be exact. I'd like to thank the hundreds of teachers and community volunteers who support those schools each and every day. The school isn't just the teachers and the students that make it. It's the bus driver, it's those who run the canteen, it's those who take the kids to sports games on the weekend. So thank you for all that you do for your local communities.</para>
<para>There's also a huge gap in early childhood education in the regions. Again, the electorate of Grey has the worst access to child care in the entire country. We are at 150 out of 150. Only around two-thirds of families have access to early childhood education, to child care. The reality is that with Labor's inflation-driven cost-of-living crisis you need two incomes to raise a family. So if you're in a small town and you're a small-business owner and you're trying to grow your business, it is very difficult—near on impossible—to attract young people to your community. Indeed, young people leave because there is no access to child care and it forces a parent to stay at home.</para>
<para>It is the same with tertiary education. If you want to be a doctor, if you want to be an engineer—if you want to do anything other than nursing—you've got to go to Adelaide. We have one brilliant tertiary site in Whyalla, in the electorate of Grey, but of course Whyalla is a five-hour drive from Ceduna; it's a six-hour drive from Coober Pedy. Again, you've got to go to Adelaide for an education. That's why Grey has the fourth-lowest tertiary education outcomes in the entire country.</para>
<para>Getting back to child care, you might not know that it's state election time in South Australia. I should call Premier Malinauskas the mayor of Adelaide, because if you do live outside of Adelaide you appreciate that you live in the state of Adelaide, not the state of South Australia. We have the worst access to child care, and he's been out spruiking new centres. Well, fantastic if you live in Kadina, Quorn or Kimba, but what about those in Port Broughton, Crystal Brook, Tumby Bay, Cummins, Wudinna and Wilmington? There are so many communities in the electorate of Grey where there are gaps in child care. I'd like to thank the Regional Childcare Desert Advocacy Project and the 23 councils that are advocating for early childhood education in your communities.</para>
<para>Regional families in my electorate are being absolutely crushed by this Labor government's cost-of-living crisis. The financial pain isn't limited to just power bills, grocery bills, health costs and insurance premiums. The pain is being felt in the education of our children, from our littlest learners right through to our school leavers. The lack of support for our regional independent schools is tangible. These are not elite institutions. They are vital community hubs serving the bush. Yet under this government they are forced to pass on soaring costs. While inflation sits at about 3.8 per cent, costs for non-government schools have surged by 5.4 per cent. Why? It is because, unlike government schools, where taxpayers absorb the blow, independent schools must survive the market. When energy prices skyrocket, when insurance premiums rise and when this government piles on red tape, these schools have no choice but to ask families to pay more. Parents are ultimately paying the price for Labor's inflation. Families in regional Australia are making immense sacrifices to educate their children, yet they are being punished by a government that offers no transparency or relief.</para>
<para>A 2022 Mitchell Institute study confirmed this. It is causing parents to leave the workforce, and there are regional staff shortages. Beyond this, fresh analysis from the Parliamentary Library paints a devastating picture. In September 2025 more than 3,624 childcare services were charged above the fee cap, almost double the June 2022 figure of 1,889 services. The government's hourly rate cap sits at $14.63, yet more than 37 per cent of services are forced to charge more.</para>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">The DEPUTY SPEAKER</name>
    <name.id>265980</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>I thank the member for Grey. The time allotted for this debate has expired. The debate is adjourned and the resumption of the debate will be made in order of the day for the next sitting.</para>
</interjection>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Small Business</title>
          <page.no>243</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>12:44</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr TIM WILSON</name>
    <name.id>IMW</name.id>
    <electorate>Goldstein</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I move:</para>
<quote><para class="block">That this House:</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(1)      condemns the Government for presiding over the insolvency of 41,749 small businesses since being elected;</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(2)      notes that:</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(a)         2025 was the worst calendar year for business insolvencies since records began in 1999, with more than 14,649 businesses collapsing; and</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(b)         this Prime Minister now has the worst record of any Prime Minister for business insolvencies with an average of 2,938 businesses going under each quarter;</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(3)      further condemns the Government for its failure to recognise the scale of the small business crisis and its lack of urgency in responding to record insolvencies;</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(4)      acknowledges that behind every insolvency statistic is a family, an employee and a local community bearing the cost of the Government's policy failures; and</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(5)      calls on the Minister for Small Business to urgently review the Government's policy settings that are focused on increasing costs, complexity and uncertainty for small and family businesses.</para></quote>
<para>Small business, family business, sole traders and the self-employed are the backbone of the Australian economy. They're more than just that, though. They are the people who stand up and back themselves to be able to get ahead to support themselves and their families. They are the employers of the nation. They are the people who take risks and who should enjoy the reward and responsibility that comes with those risks. But we know very well that things are not alright in the land of small business. Under the Albanese government, we have seen the highest number of small business insolvencies on record. We have seen 41,000 small businesses go insolvent under the Albanese government. Last year, we had the highest number of small business insolvencies in Australia's history on record. Never have more small businesses collapsed than under this government, and it's pretty clear the reason why.</para>
<para>We have a cost of small business crisis in this country. We've had recent data from the Australian Bureau of Statistics which clearly shows that, as a consequence of government spending, inflation is out of control. So many small businesses rely on loans to be able to manage their liquidity or to buy assets, and interest rates are going up. A lot of them depend on non-bank lenders, so they pay a higher rate because they have a lower level of security; therefore, they are doubly impacted every time inflation persists and interest rates go up. But it's not just that they deal with the consequences of state taxes. Increasingly, state taxes are indexed against inflation. So when inflation goes up, their tax bill goes up as well—in addition to the problems of industrial relations, inflation that this government has legislated. And make no mistake, this government has put in a series of measures over the past three years which are still going through our industrial relations landscape, which are making it more expensive, more complex and harder to employ Australians. So if you've got a growing small business, you'll be finding it harder to employ the people you need to be successful and you'll have to pay a higher price. And every single one of these costs is not picked up by some small business owner; it has to be passed on to the consumer. And while large businesses enjoy the benefits of scale and can defray these costs across millions of items, small businesses get exposed at the pinch point of the Australian economy, and they're the ones most likely to feel the consequences and, tragically, as we know, have collapsed.</para>
<para>Now, when we confronted the minister about this only last week in the parliament, she said that maybe those businesses were 'dodgy'. That is the level of empathy from this government towards people who have lost their livelihoods—you're a bit 'dodgy'. That's the attitude of the Albanese government and the Minister for Small Business—no empathy, no concern. But what they did want to do was cover their tracks, because once she was caught out with her interjection in accusing businesses that had collapsed of being 'dodgy', she gave the middle finger, frankly, to millions of Australians who have backed themselves and who now know they can't rely on their government.</para>
<para>We need to make change in this country because we have, of a program that has been introduced by this government, only one-fifth or thereabouts of the total funding being accessed, because small businesses don't need more bureaucracy; small businesses need a lifeline of support, and they are being choked by the Albanese government because of inflation, interest rates and higher costs. What we need now more than ever are small business, family business, sole traders and the self-employed having the back of their government.</para>
<para>We in this parliament need to stand up for small business, family business, sole traders and the self-employed and back them in because they are the employers of the nation. We need to stand with small businesses and stand up for their right to be successful and to prosper. They have a right to their profitability and we need to encourage them to pursue it, because the next generation of Australians are going to grow their wealth and their economic opportunity by backing themselves. The consequence, if we do that, will be a thriving economy made up of those people who chance their hand, take a risk and back themselves. The consequence if we don't do that is what we are living with right now: rising costs, businesses collapsing—and, with them, private jobs—and a private-sector employment crisis.</para>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">The DEPUTY SPEAKER</name>
    <name.id>201906</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>Is the motion seconded?</para>
</interjection>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">Mr Small</name>
    <name.id>291406</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>I second the motion and reserve my right to speak.</para>
</interjection>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>12:50</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms CAMPBELL</name>
    <name.id>312823</name.id>
    <electorate>Moreton</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I'd like to thank the member for Goldstein for giving me the opportunity to talk about small businesses and the supports that they would be deprived of if those opposite were sitting on the government benches. The member for Goldstein said that we need to back small business, and that's right. We need to back small business. But the opposition does not back small business. They didn't back small business when they voted against tax cuts. They didn't back small business when they didn't back in the instant asset write-offs. And they didn't back small business when it came to making sure that we're investing more towards innovation.</para>
<para>In my seat of Moreton, on Brisbane's south side, we have so many small businesses. Whether you're brewing the state's No. 1 beer at Slipstream in Yeerongpilly, whether you're manufacturing gaskets at Queensland Gaskets in Salisbury, whether you're serving up—this is a controversial one—the best char siu in the country at Burlington BBQ in Sunnybank or whether you're medevacing people home if you work at Retrieval Medics International—it doesn't matter which of those businesses you talk to, one thing is clear every time. Small businesses want the same things. They want stability and they want certainty. They want those things so that they can plan for the future. They want those things so that they can invest in innovation to make business more productive. And they want those things so that they can employ Australians, Queenslanders and people from my local community.</para>
<para>What we've seen over the past few months, the past few days and for a long time now is an opposition that has nothing stable and nothing certain about it. The on-off-on-off relationship between the Liberals and the Nationals has been tumultuous to say the least. The 'will they, won't they' that continues—week on, week off—is not just unedifying, it's downright disappointing. It's disappointing because this is serious. It's not a sitcom. It's not a game. Australians and Australian small businesses deserve better than the spotlight being not on them but on the coalition.</para>
<para>If they really cared about small business, they wouldn't have opposed those tax cuts that are benefiting 1.5 million sole traders, and they wouldn't have called those tax cuts 'a cruel hoax'. They wouldn't have opposed energy bill relief for millions of small businesses across this country. They wouldn't have called our fee-free TAFE measures 'wasteful spending'. If those opposite sat on this side of the chamber, hundreds of thousands of new tradies would not be working for small trade businesses as they are today. Worse, they would have been denied the opportunity to start small businesses of their own.</para>
<para>On this side of the House we don't just talk about ourselves; we talk about taking action. Under the Albanese Labor government, we've invested $2 billion in targeted supports for small business. We extended the instant asset write-off. We delivered the first-of-its-kind National Small Business Strategy. We invested $33.4 million to improve payment times, ensuring small businesses are paid what they are owed sooner. We're extending unfair trading practice protections to small businesses, making their engagement with large business fairer. We're investing $80 million to help businesses adopt new digital technologies and boost their cyber-resilience. Small businesses are eligible for the Cheaper Home Batteries Program, helping them save even more on their energy bills. And let us not forget that it was this government that reopened global markets, allowing our local producers to sell their wine, their lobsters, their beer and much, much more in this country.</para>
<para>And these policies are making a real difference to small business. Businesses like Endua, in Archerfield in my local electorate, have benefited from funding from the federal government's Industry Growth Program, which provides grants that are aligned with the seven government priority areas for the $15 billion National Reconstruction Fund. Another Moreton success story is the Bureau Technologies Group, which received funding through the Cooperative Research Centre Projects Grants program. It has developed breakthrough solar technology to convert carbon neutral biogas to green methanol fuel on par with fossil fuel prices.</para>
<para>It's clear that Labor stands behind small businesses and delivering real outcomes— <inline font-style="italic">(Time expired)</inline></para>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>12:55</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr SMALL</name>
    <name.id>291406</name.id>
    <electorate>Forrest</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I'm glad the member for Moreton mentioned the spotlight. Where the spotlight on the debate for small business should rightly be is on the disgraceful statements made in the House of Representatives just last week by the Minister for Small Business who, when confronted with the 41,749 small-business insolvencies that occurred on the watch of the Albanese government simply said, 'Maybe they were dodgy.' That's not a sick joke; that is actually the statement that the Minister for Small Business made in the House of Representatives.</para>
<para>Each one of those 41,749 small-business insolvencies represents the blood, sweat and tears of people—perhaps of a family or perhaps a husband and wife or perhaps a couple of mates—who have decided, in pursuit of the great Australian dream of building something, of creating opportunities for others, to take a risk and ask nothing more than for government to get out of the way and allow them to enjoy some rewards for their efforts. Instead, they have been crushed by the ever-increasing tide of costs due to the Albanese Labor government's failure to control inflation, drowning in the red tape and regulation that restrict the entrepreneurialism that should be unshackled if we want our economy to grow once more.</para>
<para>And so with each one of those 41,749 small businesses that have become insolvent, the dreams of those small-business owners have been extinguished and the Australian economy is poorer as a result. And what do we get? We get lectured by those opposite on the state of our own internal party affairs. We get lectured about how government programs that take money off businesses to recycle it back to a selected few businesses somehow creates conditions for Australian businesses to prosper. In my electorate and across the country, the reality couldn't be further from that. If a government can't get out of the way of small business and debtors, it leaves Australia poorer as a country. Our capacity to pay for those who are vulnerable, for those who deserve a helping hand up in our economy is dependent on continued economic growth. It is not dependent on four in five jobs being dependent on taxpayer money in some respect. It is dependent on a healthy private sector driven by that small-business entrepreneurialism.</para>
<para>This is a relatively new phenomenon for Australia because we have never seen anything like the level of small-business insolvency that is occurring under the Albanese government. There has been a 260 per cent increase in the insolvency rate since Labor was elected in 2022. With those insolvency figures exploding, and each one of them representing the very real dreams of Australians going up in smoke, you would expect the government to take a serious look at what is occurring and why it is that businesses are collapsing left, right and centre. If you took an honest look, as this government should, you would see that costs across the economy are exploding and there is a disproportionate impact on certain sectors, like the construction, hospitality and retail sectors. Indeed, construction and hospitality alone account for some 42 per cent of insolvencies. In the hospitality sector, we're seeing insolvency rise at more than a 50 per cent year-on-year rate. This is ASIC data; this isn't hyperbole from the opposition. Instead of responsible government taking deep action to address this, we're seeing things like the general interest charge levied by the ATO being made non-tax-deductible by the government, a government which is so drunk on spending, so addicted to throwing money out the door on ever bigger government programs, that small businesses who are already facing severe cost challenges are slapped in the face with the interest bills they pay to the ATO no longer being deductible like every other form of interest. It's unfair, it targets those who are having a go in our economy and it is emblematic of this government's approach to small business.</para>
<para>These are businesses—mums and dads, husbands, wives, a couple of mates—who deserve a break. Instead, those cost pressures—soaring energy bills, rising insurance premiums, employee costs through the roof—are driving insolvency at a rate unseen in this country and without response from this government.</para>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>13:00</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr GREGG</name>
    <name.id>315154</name.id>
    <electorate>Deakin</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I note that the member for Forrest has encouraged the government to carefully read the insolvency statistics. One thing I would note about those statistics is that insolvency does not equate to the closing of a business. For example, in 2021 the coalition government introduced small-business restructuring, a debt management regime which now accounts for about 20 per cent of insolvency data.</para>
<para>To be a nerd, section 95A of the Corporations Act includes in the definition of insolvency those on small business restructuring, the vast majority of whom actually don't stop trading. They continue to be under the control of their existing directors and continue trading. It's a way of managing the debts of small businesses which have come to a form of trouble over time. Many recover. The same is true of some other businesses that go into administration. I've been involved over the years with many deed-of-company relaunches, and it is not always the end of the road. But the underlying truth of what's raised needs to be discussed. It is a difficult time for many small businesses, including in my community. My home, Deakin, has about 16,000 businesses in it, the vast majority of which are small businesses. It is a challenging time, and they do deserve further support.</para>
<para>We saw, in the decade leading up to COVID, an increased reduction in competition and market power concentrating. The Albanese government has been bringing forward a lot of initiatives going to that very issue. We've got changes to unfair-contracting laws helping to balance the relationship between small and large businesses. We're currently working on reforms to extend unfair-trading policies to small businesses as well. That's in addition to all the work being done in the National Small Business Strategy cutting regulation. We've already seen the beginning of that, with the omnibus act, and there's more work being done to review around 400 more opportunities to improve regulation for small businesses, cutting that red tape as well as looking at another phenomenon, white tape, which is the bureaucracy and challenges that sometimes large businesses impose on small businesses.</para>
<para>There are challenges to the operating environment, and I think across the board we share a desire to create an operating environment where small business can thrive. There are clear roads for us to get there. We need to get rid of nonsense red tape. We need to make sure that we address unnecessary complexity that arises from the federation, with state and federal regulations and regimes sometimes causing unnecessary difficulties for small businesses just trying to have a go. Also, there are our efforts to reduce the cost of energy by including them in the solar batteries program and actually getting on with the job of transitioning our power grid. We're looking at the franchising code to, again, deal with that power imbalance. We have tax cuts that have been extended to 1.5 million sole traders, which are also very important businesses doing a lot of work as part of our local economy.</para>
<para>Small businesses in our country account for the employment of about 5.16 million Australians. That is well over 30 per cent of the workforce relying on small businesses. We need to ensure that we have a competitive environment where small business can thrive—that we have more competition, because it is competition that has brought in higher productivity over the years. It was noted in an RBA article last year, the fact that we had such a reduction in competition, and the reduction in the number of firms dominating different sectors has probably cost us activity of around one per cent to three per cent a year. That is directly undermining the mission we have to increase productivity and competition. Competition is going to be key for us increasing productivity. As I'm sure our friends in the coalition would agree, it is a fundamental part of capitalism that competition is a good thing, and we need to encourage that as much as possible.</para>
<para>The work being done to ensure that small businesses are getting a fair go vis-a-vis dominant players in the market is actually incredibly important work. But a lot of the regulatory reform that I've heard proposed from the other side is really just code for cutting the wages and conditions of working people. That is an experiment that has been tried and has failed for a decade. We saw, again, in the lead-up to COVID, a reduction in competition and productivity results that really began a long-term program of being very low.</para>
<para>We've got to do everything we can to increase competition and productivity within our sectors. The focus is not only on evening the playing field for small businesses vis-a-vis larger businesses. It also needs to be complemented by a dedication to training, making sure that the workforce has the skills it needs to increase the productivity of our business sectors. We also need to be honest within government and make sure that we are being as productive as we can, and that's why I'm so pleased to see the work being done by the Minister for Finance in continuing to review all of our regulations, making sure that businesses don't have to provide the same piece of information more than once—unnecessary inefficiencies that don't go to any of the policy positions of any side of politics.</para>
<para>Sometimes it's easy in politics to attack a regulation that is really going towards a policy ambition of your opponents. You say, 'Anything that they want is bad regulation,' but there are sometimes regulations that don't serve a public-policy purpose. We share a desire to ensure that we have the best operating environment for small business, and I'm proud to be part of a government that is doing the real work.</para>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>13:05</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr REBELLO</name>
    <name.id>316547</name.id>
    <electorate>McPherson</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I'm very pleased to speak to this motion moved by the member for Goldstein, because it gives us an opportunity to not only talk about the importance of small business but to talk about what we are seeing in government at the highest levels right now. It's important for a number of reasons, and I've been the beneficiary of small business. I grew up in a small-business family, and I understood very much the sacrifices that were involved in that. I saw my parents work very hard. They took on multiple jobs. They always had to make sure that others were paid before them. It's those sacrifices that go to the heart of the Australian character. It's something that as a country we should make sure we support, we encourage and we allow to thrive. It's more than just the profit. It's about giving people agency over their own lives. It's about backing themselves or allowing them to back themselves so that they can take risks and build something that lasts and, in doing so, support the employment of thousands of Australians.</para>
<para>It's that spirit, that pursuit of reward for risk, of resilience with responsibility, that sits at the heart of the small-business community in my electorate of McPherson on the southern Gold Coast. With where we're at as a country, what we've seen over the last couple of days is statistics that are coming out that are shocking. They are quite frankly frightening, with 41,749 collapsing, with 2025 being the worst year for small-business insolvencies since records began. I was in the House of Representatives—I think it was last week—and I sat across from the Minister for Small Business when I heard her attack the shadow minister for small business and say, 'The reason that these businesses have gone insolvent is potentially because they were dodgy. To hear that level of not only distrust but arrogance coming out of the person who's supposed to be standing up for small businesses in this country is unacceptable. This prime minister now holds an unenviable record of being the worst prime minister in Australian history for small-business insolvencies.</para>
<para>I heard the member for Deakin, who I think is a fantastic individual, before say that insolvencies don't necessarily mean the end for small business. This, combined with what the Minister for Small Business has been going on about and combined with the Treasurer and his recent comments about the state of our economy, paint a consistent profile of a government that is ignoring the reality of the situation that they have created, and the reality of that situation is that small businesses across this country, including in my electorate, are hurting. They're struggling. What is the consequence of this? We're actually fostering a new generation that is turning around and saying, 'We don't want to engage in that risk, because we're seeing our parents, we're seeing our families, and we're seeing people around us who have done that, and government has actually punished them.' It's not because of their own doings. I don't believe it's because small businesses are dodgy. I believe it's because we've got a government that is not creating the economic conditions to allow its citizens to thrive, to take risks, to back their judgment and to support growth. It's too expensive. It's not only that it's too expensive; it is overly burdensome in terms of the obligations the government places on small-business owners.</para>
<para>Small businesses are being hit across the spectrum at the moment. If they're not being hit for industrial relations issues, they're being hit with the cost of energy. I spoke to a small business in Robina Town Centre in my electorate not too long ago who had suffered electricity bills of more than $7,000. These are unsustainable figures. We need to make sure that we hold this government to account, because they need to—and somebody needs to—stand up for those individuals who are putting in their all and who are still hitting the brick wall.</para>
<para>The government is treating small businesses like an ATM, and while they're spending faster than the tax base can support, they're thinking, 'If we just tax more, if we regulate more, if we control more, we are actually going to, as a government, be able to deliver some of the services that Australians need.' That is not the solution. That is not how you generate growth in this country and it's not how you generate growth anywhere. For as long as I'm in this place, I will make sure that we hold this government to account, because small businesses expect nothing less and they are not getting what they deserve from an out-of-touch Albanese Labor government.</para>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">The DEPUTY SPEAKER</name>
    <name.id>C2T</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>The time allotted for this debate has expired. The debate is adjourned and the resumption of the debate will be made an order of the day for the next sitting.</para>
</interjection>
</speech>
</subdebate.1></debate>
    <debate><debateinfo>
        <title>PRIVATE MEMBERS' BUSINESS</title>
        <page.no>247</page.no>
        <type>PRIVATE MEMBERS' BUSINESS</type>
      </debateinfo><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Australia Day Awards and Honours</title>
          <page.no>247</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>13:10</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr HOGAN</name>
    <name.id>218019</name.id>
    <electorate>Page</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I move:</para>
<quote><para class="block">That this House:</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(1) acknowledges:</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(a) the Order of Australia is the highest national honour awarded to Australian citizens for outstanding contributions to our country or humanity at large; and</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(b) community members recognised through Australia Day 2026 Local Citizen of the Year awards; and</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(2) congratulates all the recipients of awards on Australia Day 2026.</para></quote>
<para>I acknowledge and thank and congratulate members of my community who received Australia Day Awards recently in Lismore. Citizen of the year was awarded to Rebekka Battista—congratulations, Bek. Young Citizen of the Year was Charlie Murray. The Service to the Community award went to Bruce Sheaffe. The Service to the Community (Group) award went to Rainbow Roos. Junior Sportsperson was Cooper Williams. The Sportsperson of the Year was Connor McCarthy—congratulations, Connor. Sports Team of the Year went to the wonderful Marist Brothers Rugby League Football Club. The Environment Award went to Ina Engermann. The Arts and Culture award went to Jacklyn Wagner. The Economic Excellence Award went to Felicity Hyde. The Academic Excellence Award was given to Chris Ingall. Michael Berry received an OAM for service to the community of Dunoon, and Geoffrey Plante received an OAM for service to town planning. Congratulations to all the winners and nominees in Lismore.</para>
<para>I acknowledge and congratulate all members of my community who received Australia Day Awards recently in the Clarence Valley. Citizen of the Year was Allan Woods, Young Citizen of the Year was Reny Dooley, and the Local Hero was Haley Hodgson. The Community Achievement (Group) Award went to the Cane Harvest Festival Committee—wasn't that a great event! It's great to see that back. Congratulations to all the winners and nominees in the Clarence Valley.</para>
<para>I acknowledge and congratulate members of my community who received Australia Day Awards recently in the Richmond Valley. Helen Cowan was named Richmond Valley Citizen of the Year. The Young Citizen of the Year went to Connor Shepherd. The Volunteer of the Year was Phil Cornish. The Young Volunteer of the Year was Isabel de Wit. The Sportsperson of the Year was Tony Curtis. The Young Sportsperson of the Year was Crystal Gill. The Community Organisation of the Year was Frangipani Care. Frederick Teudt received the Australian Fire Service Medal. Congratulations to all the winners and nominees from the Richmond Valley area.</para>
<para>I acknowledge and congratulate members of my electorate who received Australia Day Awards in the Ballina Shire Council area. Senior Citizen of the Year was Kenneth Brown. Volunteer of the Year was John Smith for the Marine Rescue Ballina, where he helps out. The Arts and Culture Award went to Jim Hawkins and the Community Event of the Year went to the North Coast Show and Shire, a wonderful event. Congratulations to all the winners and nominees from the Ballina Shire Council area.</para>
<para>I acknowledge and congratulate all members in my community who received Australia Day Awards in the Coffs Harbour City Council area. Citizen of the Year was Keelan Birch. The Young Citizen of the year was Mayada Oso. The Senior Citizen of the Year was Lorraine Kaempfel and the Aussie Spirit Award was awarded to the Lifehouse Care Pantries. The Aussie Spirit Award was also awarded to David Cole. Catherine Yeomans received an OAM for service to the community through a range of organisations. Congratulations to all the winners and nominees from the Coffs Harbour area.</para>
<para>I acknowledge and congratulate members of my community who received Australia Day Awards in the Kyogle Council area. In Kyogle the Citizen of the Year was Chris Olive. Senior Citizen of the Year was Tom Rogers. The Junior Citizen of the Year was Ruby Stafford. The Junior Sportsperson of the Year was Nate Walters. The Junior Student of the Year was Dakota Jane. The Senior Student of the year was Lacey Chadderton. Danielle Mulholland received an OEM for service to local government and to the community of Kyogle. Congratulations to all those winners.</para>
<para>I congratulate all the winners and recipients of Australia Day Awards in Woodenbong. Citizen of the year was awarded to David Hannant, senior citizen of the year to Glenda Compton and young citizen of the year to Ethan Green. Sportsperson of the year went to Ebony. The business of the year went to the Pitstop Cafe and the community organisation of the year to Woodenbong Cares.</para>
<para>I had the pleasure of attending the Bonalbo celebrations and would like to acknowledge and congratulate members of the community who received Australia Day Awards there—for citizen of the year, Helen Tarte; for achievement in sport, Emerald Dean; and, for community event of the year, the Working Dog Rally Gold Coast/Tweed Motor Sporting Club, co-hosted with the Bonalbo Sport and Recreation Club, whose president is Glen Brinkman. The organisation of the year was the Bonalbo CWA. The business of the year was Kelvyndale Farm, proprietors Kevin and Lyn Gambley—great family. Congratulations to all the winners and nominees from Bonalbo.</para>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">The DEPUTY SPEAKER</name>
    <name.id>C2T</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>Is the motion seconded?</para>
</interjection>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">Ms Landry</name>
    <name.id>249764</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>I second the motion and reserve my right to speak.</para>
</interjection>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>13:15</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms AMBIHAIPAHAR</name>
    <name.id>315618</name.id>
    <electorate>Barton</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>Today we reflect on what makes Australia a very lucky country. When I look around in my electorate of Barton, I am constantly reminded that it is everyday people that we must thank for it—people committed to open, diverse and inclusive society, a society where, regardless of your individual differences, if you have a dream and the bravery to pursue it, you can achieve it. But some Australians go beyond achieving their own dreams. They look to their community to help others' dreams come true. I rise today to recognise and celebrate one of them: Mr Kenneth Robert Dunlop, known to many Australians as Ken 'Dazzler' Dunlop, who was awarded the Medal of the Order of Australia for his service to professional wrestling.</para>
<para>Ken was the first openly gay pro wrestler in Australia, the significance of which he personally plays down. Despite his retirement, his focus remains on lifting up the grassroots sporting tradition he loves and bringing the next generation of athletes along in its success. Ken's career in professional wrestling began in the late 1970s, at a time when there weren't large television contracts to keep the industry afloat. Instead, this grassroots tradition, which Ken informs me dates back to 1885 in Australia, depended on the dedication of people like him. Over two decades, Ken travelled long distances to perform night after night to audiences in their hundreds, crammed into regional venues, leagues clubs and town halls across the country. This chapter in Australian pro wrestling history has been recorded only because of people like Ken and his autobiography, <inline font-style="italic">Inside </inline><inline font-style="italic">My Squared Circle</inline>. It is no exaggeration to say that Ken was instrumental in keeping Australian pro wrestling alive and can be credited for its continued success and popularity today.</para>
<para>When I went to visit Ken not very long ago in his home in the electorate of Barton, I was unsure what to expect from someone known as Dazzler. But, if you look him up, you'll quickly understand why his nickname, given to him by his beloved mentor, Roy Heffernan, eventually stuck. There are many images of Dazzler in his heyday, adorned in wrestling suits that were colourful enough to make a rainbow lorikeet blush. He is often depicted with championship belts slung across his shoulder or in mid-flight, somersaulting off the top ropes. But I didn't meet Dazzler that morning; I met Ken—a gentle, softly spoken bloke with a heart of gold and an undying love for his sport and the generations of Australians, both young and old, who have fought to keep it alive.</para>
<para>Dazzler built a reputation as a trustworthy wrestler who took the safety of fellow wrestlers very seriously. He was someone who made his colleagues look good in the ring for the entertainment of the crowd and who passed down technical expertise to the up-and-coming generation. He continues this stewardship in his retirement. He's built not just a career but a home and a family in the sport that he absolutely loves.</para>
<para>When I asked Ken who helped him develop his wrestling style and his persona, he simply said, 'Well, back then, you had to just do it yourself.' And it's true. Ken had to forge his own path in what was at the time a rough and ready macho subculture. He told me there were many days when he asked himself: 'Should I just give up? Should I just walk away?' In the end, it was his love for and dedication to the sport that kept him pushing through the dark.</para>
<para>Ken's message to the younger generation is that if you have a dream, whether that be pro wrestling, coming out or finding your true self and calling, you can reach out to your community. There are people to talk to; there are people who will help. It is clear that Ken's service to the community extends far beyond the boundaries of the squared circle, and he should be proud that, because of people like him, the younger generations no longer have to do it all by themselves.</para>
<para>Ken is the embodiment of the Australian spirit. This is the spirit that makes our nation the lucky country. It's not chance; it's not fate. It is the choice and grit of people like Ken who create and sustain our community. They make it a diverse, open and inclusive nation that we can all be very proud of. Congratulations, Ken. You absolutely deserve this award.</para>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>13:20</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms LANDRY</name>
    <name.id>249764</name.id>
    <electorate>Capricornia</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I rise today to acknowledge and congratulate an outstanding central Queenslander Professor John Rolfe AM of Rockyview, who was recently appointed a Member of the Order of Australia as part of the Australia Day Honours. This is a richly deserved recognition for a man whose life work has strengthened regional Australia, shaped public policy and deepened our national understanding of the economic, environmental and agricultural challenges facing rural and regional communities, often in complex and contested policy environments.</para>
<para>Professor Rolfe is Professor of Regional Economic Development and the Deputy Dean Research in the School of Business and Law at CQ University in Rockhampton and a fellow of the Academy of the Social Sciences in Australia. He's one of Australia's leading resource economists, and his influence extends well beyond Capricornia and Queensland, reaching national and international decision-makers alike. Over more than three decades, Professor Rolfe's research has informed governments, industry and communities on how to balance economic development with environmental stewardship, particularly in regional and agricultural settings where policy decisions have lasting social and economic consequences. His expertise spans non-market valuation, regional development, agricultural economics, environmental economics, resource management and economic impact assessment—all areas of enormous importance to our region and Australia more broadly.</para>
<para>Professor Rolfe has led more than 40 major research projects over the past decade alone. He has secured over $7.4 million in research funding from sources including the Australian Research Council, federal and state governments, research and development corporations and industry partners. Just as importantly, he has supervised numerous PhD and master's students, building the next generation of regional economists and researchers who will continue this important work into the future. His academic contribution is extraordinary. Professor Rolfe has published 115 refereed publications and a further 250 non-refereed articles and reports, with thousands of citations across global research platforms. He has co-edited two internationally significant reference books on non-market valuation and benefit transfer, published in 2006 and 2015, which continue to guide researchers and policymakers worldwide.</para>
<para>But Professor Rolfe's impact is not confined to academia. He has played a central role in applying vigorous economic analysis to real-world policy challenges from agricultural productivity and regional development to environmental protection and water quality flowing into the Great Barrier Reef. He was a leader of the 2013 and 2017 Great Barrier Reef science consensus statements and currently chairs the independent science panel for the Gladstone Healthy Harbour Partnership, a role he has held since 2016. He has also served as independent chair of the Gladstone Regional Community Consultative Committee, contributed to the Environmental Economics Research Hub, advised the Australian Council of Learned Academics and was appointed by both the Queensland and Australian governments to the Great Barrier Reef Independent Science Panel. These are positions of trust requiring not only technical expertise but judgement, independence and integrity—qualities Professor Rolfe exemplifies consistently and without compromise.</para>
<para>Importantly, John Rolfe understands regional Australia not just as an economist but as someone who has lived in it. With a background in agriculture and experience operating a cattle property in Central Queensland, he brings practical insight to his work that resonates deeply with regional communities and strengthens public confidence in evidence based decision-making. Professor Rolfe has also been part of CQUniversity since 1989, serving not only as an academic but also in senior leadership roles, including head of campus, head of school, director of a research centre and deputy dean of research. Has also served as editor-in-chief of the Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics and as president of the Australasian Agricultural and Resource Economics Society.</para>
<para>Professor John Rolfe's appointment as a member of the Order of Australia recognises a lifetime of service to regional economic development, evidence based policymaking and the pursuit of outcomes that genuinely benefit communities. It's also a reminder of the calibre of expertise that exists in regional Australia and an example of the pathways to leadership that can be achieved by regional communities. Professor Rolfe's success highlights the vital role our universities and researchers play in shaping a stronger, more resilient nation, one grounded in regional strength.</para>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>13:25</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mrs PHILLIPS</name>
    <name.id>147140</name.id>
    <electorate>Gilmore</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I'm so proud of the six outstanding residents who were recognised on the 2026 Australia Day Honours List for their selfless service to communities right across my Gilmore electorate. Eurobodalla Meals on Wheels president Phillip Armstrong of Broulee was awarded the Medal of the Order of Australia for his service to the community. Mr Armstrong has been a member of the Moruya Rotary Club since the year 2000 and, through his roles as treasurer, president and foundation chair, has been involved with drought relief and bushfire recovery efforts. He is a former district governor for Rotary International District 9710 and was named Rotarian of the Year for 2019-2020, the organisation's highest honour. A former international chair and board member of Campbell Page Australia, Mr Armstrong is also a former CEO, state board member and life member of Banksia Villages and has been involved with age and community services in New South Wales and the ACT.</para>
<para>Now a resident of Rosedale on the far South Coast, William Baker was awarded an OAM for his service to the community of Queanbeyan. A retired lawyer, Mr Baker is the President of Treehouse Queanbeyan, a charity that supports children with developmental delay or disability, and he founded the Treehouse family fund. He was a founding member and former president of the Queanbeyan Business Council and has held executive roles with the Telopea swimming club, Triathlon ACT and the New South Wales Country Children's Services Association. Mr Baker was chair of the selection committee for the Sydney Olympics Australian triathlon team and has been involved with many children and youth organisations.</para>
<para>Decorated former police officer and Rotarian Kenneth Hutt of Berry was awarded an OAM for his service to the community. A member of the Berry Rotary Club, foundation director and former international director, Mr Hutt went above and beyond—literally—to raise funds for Rotary's End Polio Now campaign. The Berry adventurer reached dizzying heights by paragliding at locations around the world, including Mount Everest in the Himalayas and the Lobuche Peak in Nepal. A member of the Sports Aviation Federation of Australia, his efforts featured in the 2022 <inline font-style="italic">Fly </inline><inline font-style="italic">from Everest</inline> documentary. Mr Hutt's incredible dedication secured him a swag of rotary awards, including the Paul Harris Fellow and the Humanitarian Overseas Service Medal with Indian Ocean clasp.</para>
<para>Margaret Snelling of Kiama was awarded an OAM for her service to hockey, but her contributions go way beyond the hockey field. Mrs Snelling was a player, committee member, umpire and coach with the Kiama Hockey Club for more than 40 years and was made a life member of the Kiama Ladies Hockey Club in 1991. She is a life member of Illawarra South Coast Hockey, played for the New South Wales veterans ladies team and shared her passion with young players, kicking off Minkey, mini hockey, in the 1970s. Mrs Snelling dedicated 65 years to Kiama's Saints Peter and Paul Catechist Ministry, where she coordinated the parish knitting group and taught scripture at local schools. And she was a delivery driver with Kiama Meals on Wheels for 50 years.</para>
<para>The fifth OAM for Gilmore was awarded to Shane Wicks from Gerringong. The retired New South Wales ambulance paramedic is a life member and former captain of the Gerringong Rural Fire Brigade. He has been a flood rescue operations officer with the New South Wales State Emergency Service. And he is the President of Surf Life Saving New South Wales's South Coast Branch. A volunteer and life member of the Gerringong Surf Life Saving Club, Mr Wicks keeps locals and visitors safe on our beaches, and he takes his paramedic experience onto the field as Gerringong Lions rugby league club's medical support officer. He also provides important mental health support for young people in our community. Mr Wicks has been awarded the National Medal, the National Emergency Medal and the New South Wales Public Schools Parent of the Year.</para>
<para>Kiama's Mitchell von Borstel was honoured with the Australian Corrections Medal. Mr von Borstel began his career at the Long Bay Correctional Complex in 2007, and he has risen through the ranks to senior assistant superintendent at the Security Operations Group, where he engages in high-risk interventions and critical-incident responses at sites across New South Wales.</para>
<para>Congratulations and thank you to these six sensational Gilmore residents.</para>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">The DEPUTY SPEAKER</name>
    <name.id>C2T</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>I thank the member for Gilmore. The time allotted for this debate has expired. The debate is adjourned and the resumption of the debate will be made an order of the day for the next sitting.</para>
<para>Sitting suspended from 13:31 to 16:05</para>
</interjection>
</speech>
</subdebate.1></debate>
    <debate><debateinfo>
        <title>STATEMENTS BY MEMBERS</title>
        <page.no>251</page.no>
        <type>STATEMENTS BY MEMBERS</type>
      </debateinfo><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Lunar New Year</title>
          <page.no>251</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>16:05</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms LE</name>
    <name.id>295676</name.id>
    <electorate>Fowler</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>Despite real cost-of-living pressures, Lunar New Year remains a vital anchor for our families of Fowler. Right now, our local stores are filled with red envelopes and festive treats—candied ginger, coconut pieces, lotus seeds, and sticky rice cakes wrapped in banana leaves called banh tet and their savoury squared counterpart banh chung.</para>
<para>These are simple but powerful signals of memory and belonging. Our streets are transformed, and I invite members of this House to visit and witness the resilience of my wonderful community. These traditions connect generations. Our families gather to share food and to hand out li xi, which are the red envelopes given to young people carrying wishes of luck, health and a good year ahead. They include money as well, which, as a child, I certainly used to look forward to.</para>
<para>We are farewelling the Year of the Snake and welcoming the Year of the Fire Horse. In many traditions the horse represents rapid change, strong energy and challenge. It reminds us that while the year ahead may move quickly, it demands our collective grit and resilience. There is a lesson here for this House: when pressures rise, progress comes not from noise or division, but from the same cooperation and respect we see in our local communities.</para>
<para>I thank the staff of Liverpool and Fairfield city councils for their tireless work in fostering a sense of belonging through the cultural activities they put together year in, year out. May the Year of the Horse bring health, prosperity and strength to the people of Fowler and to all of Australia.</para>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Glynn, Mr Walter Edward (Wal)</title>
          <page.no>251</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>16:07</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms STANLEY</name>
    <name.id>265990</name.id>
    <electorate>Werriwa</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I rise to advise that our community and the local Labor Party family lost a longstanding member when Mr Walter Edward Glynn passed away just before Christmas last year. Wal was 91 years old and had been married to his wonderful wife, Nel, for 70 years. Wal rose to the rank of major in the Australian Army, serving as a training officer in Malaya. After he was discharged, he continued his career in education, lecturing at the Sydney Institute of Education. Wal also served his community with distinction, spending eight years as a councillor on Campbelltown council. Wal was also heavily involved in his church and community charities.</para>
<para>I was privileged to be mentored by Mr Glynn. I found Wal's support while we were serving as councillors invaluable, especially when I first decided to run for Werriwa. He was always ready to let me know about any community issues, and helped me find solutions that were beneficial for our community as a whole. It's to his wonderful family that I send my sympathy: to his wife, Nel; to his children Anthony, Michael, Catherine, Gregory, Benard, Elizabeth, Monica, Jim and Lucy; and to his numerous grandchildren and great-grandchildren. Thank you for letting him serve our community over so many years. Rest in peace, Wal.</para>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Doherty, Mr Terence James, AM</title>
          <page.no>251</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>16:08</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr BATT</name>
    <name.id>315478</name.id>
    <electorate>Hinkler</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>The Australia Day Honours List for 2026 features great Aussies from my electorate of Hinkler, including one of my former teachers. A prestigious Member of the Order of Australia medal was awarded to Terry Doherty for significant service to basketball in administrative and referee education roles. Terry was the head of physical education at Bundaberg high, and while he developed some wonderful talent in the sport of basketball, he was no miracle worker. I certainly was not going to be a Boomer!</para>
<para>Following Terry's recognition, Basketball Queensland issued a congratulatory message saying, 'This national recognition reflects decades of leadership, service and commitment to the game.' Terry's more than 50 years of contributions to Queensland basketball have included refereeing, the education of referees and referee coaches and the development of referee and referee coach education. Throughout the seventies, eighties, and nineties, Terry was commissioner or referee coach at dozens of Queensland and Australian championships.</para>
<para>In 1985, Terry was appointed the inaugural Australian Basketball Referees' Commissioner. He was a pioneer in the education of basketball referee coaches. In 2017, International Basketball Federation Hall of Fame member and Basketball Australia Hall of Fame legend, the late Al Ramsay, described Terry's contribution to basketball refereeing, saying:</para>
<quote><para class="block">There are few, if any, who have given so much to basketball officiating in Australia.</para></quote>
<para>Terry was an inductee into the Basketball Queensland Hall of Fame in 2024. Terry, congratulations on the Member of the Order of Australia medal.</para>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Bray Park State High School, Schools</title>
          <page.no>252</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>16:10</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms FRANCE</name>
    <name.id>270198</name.id>
    <electorate>Dickson</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>An automotive precinct; specialist robotics spaces; purpose-built studios for dance, drama and media; and a dedicated wellbeing centre—I'm not talking about a university campus; I'm talking about Bray Park State High School in my electorate of Dickson. Recently I visited Bray with the education minister, Jason Clare—the first time an education minister has visited a school in Dickson in over a decade. The minister and I saw firsthand what modern, future focused education looks like in my electorate.</para>
<para>There are nearly 2,000 students at Bray Park State High School, and my community loves their high school. From hands-on trades to cutting-edge technology and creative industries, students are gaining real-world skills in real-world environments. Just as importantly, the school recognises that learning doesn't happen in isolation. The new wellbeing centre ensures that students are supported both inside and outside of the classroom.</para>
<para>The Albanese Labor government is investing in our kids. We've increased funding by 25 per cent into our state schools over the next 10 years. That's $2.8 billion extra for Queensland state schools like Bray Park State High. This investment, coupled with our wonderful teachers and principals, will deliver into the future.</para>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Health Care, Climate Change</title>
          <page.no>252</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>16:11</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Dr RYAN</name>
    <name.id>297660</name.id>
    <electorate>Kooyong</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>Two weeks ago, Australia's east coast was scorched by extreme heat, with temperatures in Kooyong soaring to 43 degrees and temperature records being broken across three states. This was the worst heatwave since Black Saturday 2009, when almost 400 Victorians died from heat and 173 died from bushfires. Experts warn that 50-degree summers have arrived, and these heatwaves are deadly.</para>
<para>Extreme heat strains every system of the body, worsening heart disease, diabetes and respiratory illnesses. But, despite killing more Australians than floods, storms and bushfires combined, heatwaves remain a silent killer. That's why I'm urging the government to confront this danger head-on by naming heatwaves in the same way that we name cyclones. Doing so would increase public awareness of the immediate risk associated with extreme heat. It would also help trigger timely health responses in households, by local governments and by healthcare services.</para>
<para>In a rapidly warming world, we can best protect people by slashing the carbon pollution that drives climate change. But, in the meanwhile, by recognising heatwaves as the lethal events that they are, and by acting decisively to prepare for them, we can protect vulnerable people and we can save lives.</para>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Tolani, Dr Mohit</title>
          <page.no>252</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>16:13</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms BERRY</name>
    <name.id>23497</name.id>
    <electorate>Whitlam</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I rise today to recognise Dr Mohit Tolani, a dentist who serves the Shellharbour region in my electorate of Whitlam. Dr Tolani graduated as a dentist from Griffith University on the Gold Coast and subsequently completed his Master of Public Health and Master of Health Management degrees at the University of New South Wales. He also holds a Bachelor of Medical Science (Honours) from the University of Sydney. He is deputy chair of the Australian Dental Association NSW Advocacy Committee.</para>
<para>In addition to his daily dental work, Dr Tolani dedicates time to various community initiatives. He has volunteered with the Royal Flying Doctor Service South Eastern Section and supports Project Smile, which aims to provide free dental care for people in the community experiencing financial hardship.</para>
<para>Dr Tolani was named Shellharbour's 2025 Citizen of the Year for being an exceptional professional and community volunteer and an excellent example of an admirable leader who has selflessly dedicated himself to various dental health initiatives in the local community. In announcing the award, Shellharbour city council noted that Dr Tolani had opened the doors to offer free dental treatment to more than 3,000 people in need, and he was an encouraging role model for young modern-day professionals aiming to make a difference in the community. I thank Dr Tolani for using his professional skills to have such a positive impact on our community.</para>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Walsh, Brother Peter Doug</title>
          <page.no>252</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>16:14</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr BIRRELL</name>
    <name.id>288713</name.id>
    <electorate>Nicholls</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>Last month Brother Doug Walsh was laid to rest in my electorate, in the Kilmore cemetery, a stone's throw from Assumption College, one of the many institutions he graced in his life of service. Peter Doug Walsh was born in Werribee, Victoria, in 1937 to Agnes and David Patrick Walsh. He is survived by his twin sister, Maureen. He was educated in the Mallee in regional Victoria and joined the novitiate in 1955 on his way to becoming a Marist brother. He taught across Australia, including in Northam and Subiaco in WA and Traralgon and Kilmore in Victoria. He also founded initiatives to alleviate suffering in the poorer parts of Manila in the Philippines. In later years he worked with St Vincent de Paul in Collingwood and Heidelberg. He was the boarding master at Assumption College in the late 1980s and early 1990s, coinciding with my time there, and he once told me that, though Assumption College boarders were, in his words, a serious handful, he wanted to work with people who were more at risk, hence his move to St Vinnies in Melbourne. Many Assumption boarders would concur that Dougie was the epitome of that hard but fair educator, a throwback to the attitude that discipline is critically important for young people. They occasionally need a serious kick in the backside to understand boundaries. Many a wayward young man from the country at Assumption learnt some tough lessons in life from Dougie, and his example and spirit is perhaps needed in the way we guide young people now. Thanks, Brother Doug, for your life of service as an educator and to those in need. May you rest in peace.</para>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Battle of Kapyong: 75th Anniversary, Battle of Maryang San: 75th Anniversary, Security Treaty between Australia, New Zealand and the United States of America: 75th Anniversary</title>
          <page.no>253</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>16:16</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr GOSLING</name>
    <name.id>245392</name.id>
    <electorate>Solomon</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>This year marks 75 years since the battles of Kapyong and Maryang San, where the 3rd Battalion of the Royal Australian Regiment—old faithful, my old battalion—and Canada's 2nd Battalion, Princess Patricia's Canadian Light Infantry, showed remarkable courage. Incidentally, on Friday back in Darwin I caught up with the new CEO of the Larrakia Development Corporation, Anthony Whitfield, and, through chatting with Anthony, discovered that his father had fought in these battles with the Australian Army. There are great connections everywhere. In the six months between those two battles, Australia and the United States were formalising a security partnership, ANZUS, that has grown stronger ever since. This year we also mark the 75th anniversary of the ANZUS treaty. Last week I was pleased to open an event at the United States Studies Centre, and that organisation is a testament to the deep relationship between Australia and the United States. I was pleased to open that event on behalf of Dr Gordon Reid, who is the government chair of the parliamentary friendship group of the United States. Like Gordon, I take a longer term view of the Australia-US relationship that stretches back 75 years, to both battles in the Korean War and to the establishment of ANZUS.</para>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Small Business: Taxation</title>
          <page.no>253</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>16:17</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Dr SCAMPS</name>
    <name.id>299623</name.id>
    <electorate>Mackellar</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>Last week we saw deeply concerning reports that the ATO's small business debt helpline is facing record levels of calls. This should be a wake-up call to the government as it is a clear signal that financial pressures on small businesses continue to mount. My team and I have spent many months doorknocking local businesses, and I have heard firsthand just how hard the past few years have been. Across Mackellar, too many shopfronts now sit empty, and behind every one of those closures is a family under strain. In Mackellar, as in regions right across Australia, small businesses are not just the backbone of the local economy; they are the heart of our community. They are our friends, our neighbours, our tradies, our florists and our cafe owners—people we see every day delivering the services we both need and love. Importantly, small businesses employ 6.8 million Australians—nearly half of our workforce. Part of my aim in doorknocking so many businesses is to ensure owners are aware of the supports available to them and also to simply listen. Over and over, I have heard the same thing: the last few years have been incredibly tough for small business. That's why I'm calling for a $20,000 tax-free threshold for small businesses. This would put up to $5,000 in tax savings back into the hands of small-business owners to reinvest as they see fit, to grow and stabilise their businesses. With the budget approaching, I urge the government to act.</para>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Gorton Electorate</title>
          <page.no>253</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>16:19</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms JORDAN-BAIRD</name>
    <name.id>316021</name.id>
    <electorate>Gorton</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>There's no question more people are choosing my community in Melbourne's western suburbs to call home. We're one of the fastest growing electorates in the country. Here's a snapshot of data within the city of Melton local government area. Over 75 babies are born a week. Seventy-nine families move into the municipality every week. We have a 6.61 per cent annual population growth rate. We're young, with a median age of 33 years old, and diverse, with 36 per cent of residents born overseas. These stats mean we need to strategically plan better road and rail connections, more houses, schools, public transport options, healthcare and community hubs to cater for this growth. We want to make sure that people who live in the west have the employment and education opportunities they need right in our own backyard.</para>
<para>It was great to meet with the City of Melton team last week on their advocacy priorities. It's so important that the federal government works closely with the state and local governments to deliver the infrastructure we need for our communities, and we already have a number of ways we're doing just that. There is a billion dollars to upgrade the Western Freeway, $300 million to make the Calder Park Drive interchange a reality, $15 million to build the Plumpton Aquatic and Leisure Centre and countless more projects just like those. I know that this Labor government cares about building better infrastructure, health, and education opportunities for the western suburbs in my community, and that's what I'm here in this place to fight for.</para>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Gun Control</title>
          <page.no>254</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>16:20</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr BOYCE</name>
    <name.id>299498</name.id>
    <electorate>Flynn</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>From the Gemfields to Gladstone, Mount Morgan to Mundubbera and everywhere in between, the Flynn electorate has many gun clubs filled with members of all ages and backgrounds. Today I rise to speak about law-abiding gun owners in the region as well as their clubs and members who promote the safe and effective use of firearms. Data released by Queensland Police Weapons Licensing reveals there are over a million registered firearms in Queensland. Furthermore, there are over 218,000 issued weapons licences to almost 200,000 individual licensees. This equates to about five registered firearms per licensee. Like many people in the Flynn electorate, I have a gun licence as well.</para>
<para>The Flynn electorate has a wide range of shooters and shooter activities including target rifle shooters, smallbore air rifle shooters, clay target shooters and pistol shooters. There are also many licensed rural shooters who use firearms for pest control, hunting feral pigs, wild dogs, foxes, feral cats, deer and goats, which cause billions of dollars of damage to the Australian agricultural sector each year. Licensed rural shooters are critical in protecting food production, safeguarding native ecosystems and biosecurity. Law-abiding gun owners and gun clubs can often be demonised by the media and politicians, but I thank them for the important role that they play in upholding safety standards, supporting regional communities and passing on a culture of responsibility.</para>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Health Care</title>
          <page.no>254</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>16:22</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms COMER</name>
    <name.id>316551</name.id>
    <electorate>Petrie</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I am proud to speak on a major new development for our community, the opening of the Medicare urgent care clinic in Deception Bay. Located on Bailey Road, this clinic is a game-changing addition to our local health care. It's open seven days a week, and, crucially, it offers fully bulk-billed walk-in care. Locals don't need to make an appointment or worry about out-of-pocket costs when they need help. For too long, the community has had to travel to hospital emergency departments for issues that don't require emergency care. From sprains to minor injuries, infections and illnesses that need prompt attention, this new clinic helps ease the pressure off busy local hospitals, freeing up emergency departments to focus on the more serious cases.</para>
<para>My wonderful team of local volunteers and I have been out to let the community know that the clinic is open. I spoke with Jan from Deception Bay, who recently had a fall that required stitches. Her GP doesn't do emergencies, and her local hospital's wait times are too long. Jan went to the new Deception Bay urgent care clinic where she had a minimal wait time and comprehensive care. Importantly, she didn't pay a cent. For too long, Deception Bay residents have been overlooked and undervalued and have missed out on the health services they need. Not any more. This community deserves better, and this new urgent care clinic is an important first step. It's a win for Deception Bay. It's a win for affordable and accessible health care. It's a win for Petrie.</para>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Mayo Electorate: Australia Day Honours and Awards</title>
          <page.no>254</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>16:23</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms SHARKIE</name>
    <name.id>265980</name.id>
    <electorate>Mayo</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>In my electorate, there are countless community groups, volunteers and local leaders who are making a difference to people's lives. I wish to offer my congratulations to a group of outstanding citizens in my electorate who have recently been honoured with Member of the Order of Australia for their achievement and service. I would like to acknowledge Professor Neil Piller, for significant service to lymphology as a clinician and an academic; Dr Lainie Anderson, for service to community history—and many in South Australia would know Lainie and her great journalistic work; Mr Allen Burns, for service to the community through emergency response organisations; Mr Stephen Day, for service to charitable organisations and to the financial sector; Mr Graham Hill, for service to youth and to vocational education; Mr Eli Murn, for service to road safety advocacy, which is incredibly important in Mayo; Mr Robert Peet, for service to the performing arts; and the much loved Mr Rex Liebelt, for services to the agricultural show sector. He makes a very mean banana cake. Never go up against him in any of our country shows! He wins. He's got more blue ribbons than, I think, anyone else in South Australia.</para>
<para>In the Meritorious Awards, the Australian Correctional Medal went to Ms Julie Telfer and the Australian Fire Service Medal went to Mr Martin Carney. Congratulations, all, and happy Australia Day to everyone in our community.</para>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Bonner Electorate: Australia Day Awards and Honours</title>
          <page.no>254</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>16:25</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms KARA COOK</name>
    <name.id>316537</name.id>
    <electorate>Bonner</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I rise to acknowledge the extraordinary people who have been recognised on the 2026 Australia Day Honours List for their contribution to my community of Bonner. Emeritus Professor Roderick Drew AM was recognised for significant service to horticulture research and to agricultural development. Professor Drew is the president of the International Society for Horticultural Science and is the first Australian to fill the position. Dr Rodney Straw AM was recognised for his service to veterinary surgical oncology and to tertiary education. Dr Straw was the world's first veterinary fellow in surgical oncology and has been a leader in animal cancer research. Kenneth Brown OAM is being recognised for service to media. <inline font-style="italic">Brownie's Coastwatch</inline> was a staple for baysiders and local boaties for decades. He has been a trusted voice for Queensland boating and fishing communities since founding the show in 1989.</para>
<para>Aunty Aileen 'Merle' Dippel OAM was recognised for her service to the Indigenous community. Aunty Merle has worked tirelessly through the Winnam Aboriginal Torres Strait Islanders Corporation, as a volunteer at Georgina Hostel and Aged Care and as a founding member of the Minjerribah Moorgumpin Elders-in-Council Aboriginal Corporation. Dr Bronwyn Herbert OAM has been recognised for service to youth social welfare. Dr Herbert has dedicated her life to social work, with involvement with Silky Oaks Children's Haven, Bayside family day care, Moreton Bay College and St Peter's Anglican Church.</para>
<para>I thank you all for your service to our community. We are stronger because of you.</para>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Berowra Electorate: Swim Clubs</title>
          <page.no>255</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>16:26</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr LEESER</name>
    <name.id>109556</name.id>
    <electorate>Berowra</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>The Royal Life Saving Society of Australia has released some pretty disturbing statistics: one in four Australian adults can't swim and 40 per cent of children graduate primary school without being able to swim. In Hornsby in my electorate, we have the Hornsby aquatic centre, which offers great learn-to-swim classes, but it also takes care of Australians who want to learn to race and be part of the competitive nature of Australian swimming.</para>
<para>We've got two very important swim clubs. I recently visited the Berowra RSL Sub-Branch Youth Swimming Club. It's been going since 1959, and it races every Sunday. I want to thank and acknowledge the president, Dean Burgess, and the executive, Kiri Burgess, Corrie Hassan and Hayley Matthews, for their leadership of the committee. I also want to acknowledge the wider committee: Kristy Livy, David Duncan, Ian Thompson, James Keevy, Claire Dewar and Ashleigh Robinson.</para>
<para>At the Hornsby Swim Club, which has been going for 63 years and meets on Friday nights, I want to acknowledge President Bec Sheppherd and the committee of Lachlan Hinds, Lachlan West, Barbara Judson, Susan Martin-Blake, David Grant, Rachel Gibbons, Alan Hitchens and Margaret Gruca-Dziok.</para>
<para>These are two very important clubs with very important committees who volunteer their time to create safe and welcoming spaces and have built the sort of club cultures that keeps people turning up for both clubs. With over 250 members, from little kids through to swimmers in their 70s, this is creating a very important racing culture and learn-to-swim culture in our community. Let me encourage everybody to get on down to the Hornsby aquatic centre.</para>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Macquarie Electorate: Anzac Day</title>
          <page.no>255</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>16:28</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms TEMPLEMAN</name>
    <name.id>181810</name.id>
    <electorate>Macquarie</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I have seen how valued the local Anzac Day service is for Emu Plains, Emu Heights and Leonay residents and I'm so pleased to be supporting the community and the 2026 committee in organising this year's ceremony. Both my grandfathers served in and survived World War I, so it's a really important part of my family tradition to remember their sacrifice and those who did not come home having defended our freedoms.</para>
<para>Stepping up to make this community service happen are representatives from the Penrith RSL sub-Branch, Emu Plains Girl Guides, the Lions Club of Emu Plains, Nepean District Historical Society, Emu Plains Junior Rugby League Club, Emu Plains Anglican Church and the National Servicemen's Association, as well as many local residents who volunteered on the committee to ensure that the service at Melrose Park cenotaph runs smoothly. We also look forward to local students playing a role in the ceremony. The service will begin with a march through the park to the war memorial and afterwards there'll be the Lions sausage sizzle, and the historical society will be providing morning tea and a historical display.</para>
<para>I'd like to acknowledge the state member for Penrith, Karen McKeown OAM, who's working alongside me and the committee, as well as Penrith mayor Todd Carney. This will be a fantastic community event, with generous support from local businesses to help make it happen.</para>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>OzHarvest</title>
          <page.no>255</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>16:30</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr REBELLO</name>
    <name.id>316547</name.id>
    <electorate>McPherson</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I rise today to commend the outstanding work of OzHarvest and the enduring positive impact they continue to have on my community on the southern Gold Coast. Across Australia each year an estimated 7.6 million tonnes of food is wasted, while at the very same time 3.4 million Australian households experience food insecurity. OzHarvest's incredible work reduces food waste while ensuring that surplus food is delivered to those who need it most. Their model not only feeds people but also strengthens communities like mine whilst benefiting our environment. In 2025 alone, OzHarvest delivered over 400,000 meals to people in need across the southern Gold Coast. They rescued more than 164,000 kilos of food from landfill, partnered with 18 local charities and prevented over 164,000 kilos of CO2-equivalent emissions from entering our atmosphere.</para>
<para>Just as importantly, OzHarvest invests in the future, working with more than 10 local schools to deliver their FEAST program, empowering young people with food education and life skills. As an OzHarvest volunteer I've previously been involved in their incredible work in the garden at the Currumbin Community Special School. They embody the very best of community spirit. I thank their staff, volunteers and partners for their tireless efforts, and I commend their work to this place.</para>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Medicare</title>
          <page.no>256</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>16:31</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms MASCARENHAS</name>
    <name.id>298800</name.id>
    <electorate>Swan</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>Managing health, caring for our children and supporting loved ones through illness or ageing is difficult enough. After a year of neglect of the healthcare system, Australians were getting used to the idea that wealth could determine access to something as basic as seeing a GP. That's not what Medicare was created for. In my first term, my community told me that bulk-billing was disappearing and that seeing their local GP was challenging. I'm proud to say that this government is turning that around and is deliberately investing in Medicare.</para>
<para>Last year, in November, bulk-billing incentives were expanded. GPs now receive funding for every patient they bulk-bill, not just children and concession cardholders. Also, practices that choose to bulk-bill every patient receive additional incentives, and we are seeing more clinics becoming fully bulk-billed clinics. We're also making medicines affordable. Women were paying $380 for contraceptives like Yaz, Yasmin and Slinda before they were listed on the PBS. Now it's $25 a script. In just one year, over 600,000 women have saved more than $70 million.</para>
<para>The thing that makes this job really rewarding is when a mum at a barbecue says across the aisle, 'Thank you.' That's what we're trying to do: change lives for women.</para>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Flinders Electorate: Road Infrastructure</title>
          <page.no>256</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>16:33</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms McKENZIE</name>
    <name.id>124514</name.id>
    <electorate>Flinders</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>Peninsula Link connects the Mornington Peninsula community to work, services and the city every day. Over the last year the incompetent Allan Labor government has turned Pen Link into an obstacle course, with inexplicable speed limits, phantom roadworks, unpredictable lane closures and enough orange cones to be visible from outer space. Last year there were months of roadworks, with southbound lanes closed between September and November. My community was completely baffled. We have a long list of roads that desperately need to be fixed, but not that one, and not as we head into the summer blitz.</para>
<para>Last month I got a flyer telling me that major works would again resume in February, with southbound lanes closed this month and northbound closure next month. It also said, 'We will undertake these works in sections, rebuilding the freeway from the ground up, replacing layers of pavement below the road surface to make it stronger and better suited to local road conditions'. So, why have we suffered closures causing traffic chaos and reduced speed limits for months so that in February they can start rebuilding the freeway from the ground up?</para>
<para>Today's commuters are spending an average of 10 to 20 minutes each trip stuck behind cones and lane drops. While that doesn't sound like much, when it's your lifeblood, your connection to work, family, health services and education an extra 40 minutes a day of driving really impacts your commute. Businesses are bearing the cost, local roads are bearing the load and residents are bearing the poor planning. The Victorian government is nothing short of a disgrace. Responsible road planning, respecting the commercial calendar of the peninsula, is not too much to ask for.</para>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Saleh, Councillor Khodr (Karl), OAM</title>
          <page.no>256</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>16:34</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr SOON</name>
    <name.id>298618</name.id>
    <electorate>Banks</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I rise to recognise the service of Councillor Khodr 'Karl' Saleh OAM, who is retiring from local government after more than 20 years of service to Canterbury Bankstown Council and one of its predecessors, the City of Canterbury. Khodr, or Karl, migrated from Lebanon to Australia in 1985 and was elected to local council for the first of five terms in 2004, representing the communities in Beverly Hills, Kingsgrove, Roselands and Punchbowl in the north-east of my electorate. Karl has gone on to lead an incredible career in local government, including rising to the deputy mayoralty on four separate occasions. Always one of the characters of our Labor family locally, his time in public life is a demonstration of service and dedication to the community and to Australia more broadly. Khodr—Karl—thank you for all the hard work you've put into our community for so long. Enjoy your well-deserved retirement from council and congratulations on a wonderful legacy in our area.</para>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>South Australia: Drought</title>
          <page.no>256</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>16:35</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr PASIN</name>
    <name.id>240756</name.id>
    <electorate>Barker</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>Many farmers across South Australia have now endured two years of relentless drought. Meanwhile, Premier Peter Malinauskas has splashed cash on major events and photo opportunities otherwise, but regional communities have been crying out for help and they've been ignored. Only now, in the shadows of a state election campaign, is the Malinauskas Labor government taking meaningful action. Don't get me wrong, any support for farmers is welcomed, but the timing of this announcement raises serious questions.</para>
<para>Producers across Barker and, indeed, right across South Australia have been calling for help while conditions have deteriorated. They have watched while low-interest loans that they were calling for were made available to farmers interstate as a matter of course. Droughts don't operate on election cycles. Support should be timely, it should be practical and it should be driven by conditions on the ground, not by political opportunism. The delay matters, because drought assistance works best when it's delivered early, when it keeps farms viable and prevents hardship, not months later when the damage is already done. Farmers deserve support when they need it most, not months later when the damage is deeply cutting. Sadly, all they get from 'party Pete' is interest only when it suits him and the interests of his party. Shame on him!</para>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Albanese Government: Health Care</title>
          <page.no>257</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>16:37</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms CLUTTERHAM</name>
    <name.id>316101</name.id>
    <electorate>Sturt</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>Strengthening Medicare was a key focus of the Albanese Labor government's election platform. We committed to making significant investments to make it easier to see a GP, to reduce the costs of medicines, to promote and give women's health the urgency and attention it deserves, to open more urgent care clinics and Medicare mental health centres, and to train more doctors and more nurses and to take steps to encourage those doctors and nurses from the bush to stay in their communities.</para>
<para>As a former volunteer director on the board of the Royal Flying Doctor Service, I'm particularly proud of the announcement on 6 February this year that the Albanese government will invest more than $1 billion to train more doctors in more communities. This is an historical five-year grant agreement that will facilitate the continued growth of Australia's GP and rural generalist workforce in the years to come. The record 2,100 doctors who will commence GP training in 2026 includes rural generalist trainees who are vital to serving the needs of rural and remote communities across our vast landscape.</para>
<para>The healthcare services provided by rural generalists are vital. A rural generalist is the first port of call for an incredible range of issues—the link between home and other required healthcare services, regional communities rely on their rural generalist doctors both for their health and as leaders in their communities, where they are part of the foundation that makes a sustainable, thriving community.</para>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Golin, Mr Dan</title>
          <page.no>257</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>16:38</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr PIKE</name>
    <name.id>300120</name.id>
    <electorate>Bowman</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I rise to pay tribute to a formidable advocate for the Southern Moreton Bay Islands, Dan Golin, who recently stepped down as the President of the SMBI Chamber of Commerce after two years of outstanding leadership. Dan's tenure will be best remembered for his heroic efforts in the face of Cyclone Alfred in 2025. As the islands copped the brunt of the storm, Dan acted as a true community champion. Before ferry and barge operations could safely resume, Dan led a dedicated group of local business volunteers, utilising their chainsaws and heavy machinery to clear the way. This selfless work was essential, allowing Energex teams to reach critical damage sites and begin the urgent task of restoring power to residents of the islands.</para>
<para>Beyond his crisis leadership, Dan has been instrumental in reshaping the island economy. Since arriving on Russell Island, he has fought to break local monopolies, provide greater consumer choice and establish vital employment opportunities for locals. One of his most significant legacy projects was commissioning the SMBI economic development strategy. This comprehensive research provides a clear snapshot of the challenges facing the islands and a vision for attracting strategic investment. Under Dan's guidance, the chamber has flourished, fostering strong partnerships between small businesses and all levels of government. On behalf of the Redlands community, I want to thank Dan for his tireless dedication. He leaves the Southern Moreton Bay Island chamber stronger than ever, having done exactly what the community requires of him and demonstrated visionary leadership.</para>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Maribyrnong Electorate: Health Care</title>
          <page.no>257</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>16:40</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms BRISKEY</name>
    <name.id>263427</name.id>
    <electorate>Maribyrnong</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I rise to provide a further update on a matter I first brought to this House late last year: the future of cohealth's general practice services in Kensington. When cohealth management made the sudden announcement that they intended to close their doors just prior to Christmas last year, our community was rightly shaken. This clinic isn't just bricks and mortar; it is part of the very fabric of Kensington, providing a lifeline to our most vulnerable, from refugees and families on low incomes to residents living with chronic illness. From the moment that announcement was made, I stood shoulder to shoulder with my community in Maribyrnong, in Kensington. I told this House then that our community cannot lose these services, and I took that message straight to Minister Butler.</para>
<para>I'm proud to say that our community advocacy delivered. Before the end of last year, the Albanese Labor government committed $1.5 million in interim funding to enable the services to continue to 26 July. This pause has meant families didn't have to scramble at the end of last year just to find new doctors before Christmas, and it's given us the space to find a permanent solution. An independent review is well underway, supported by both the federal and Victorian governments, and I want to thank those local residents and healthcare workers who have taken part in this process. To the people of Kensington: I heard you last year. I hear you now. My focus remains unwavering. Working with both the federal and state governments will ensure that we won't just keep the doors open for now but we'll make sure that we keep the community health model for the long term.</para>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Social Cohesion</title>
          <page.no>258</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>16:41</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms PRICE</name>
    <name.id>249308</name.id>
    <electorate>Durack</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>Australians are rightly concerned by the clear deterioration of social cohesion in this country. We've seen it in the shocking acts of violence unleashed at Bondi Beach. More broadly, we are seeing it in the vandalism and desecration of war memorials across Australia, including the 100-year-old St Helens cenotaph staff in Tasmania. We also saw it on Australia Day, where there was an alleged act of terror driven by racism at a protest in Perth, with a dangerous device thrown into the crowd. Australians have a fundamental right to protest peacefully and they equally have the right to feel safe when exercising that freedom. Violence, intimidation and terrorism have no place in our democracy.</para>
<para>These are not isolated incidents. They reflect a deeper problem, a growing sense of division and grievance that is pulling Australians apart. This must be confronted early, and it must start with education, teaching young Australians to love this country, to honour our veterans and to learn how to disagree peacefully without resorting to hatred or violence. If we fail to act, we are headed down a dark path. We must set clear standards for what is acceptable. Burning our national flag, desecrating memorials and terror attacks should never be excused, and we must introduce strong consequences. Australia is at its best when we are united—one people proud of who we are, respectful of our history and committed to a shared future.</para>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Day on the Duck</title>
          <page.no>258</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>16:43</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms URQUHART</name>
    <name.id>231199</name.id>
    <electorate>Braddon</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I want to acknowledge a fantastic community celebration held in Smithton over the Australia Day weekend: the fun-filled Day on the Duck. This annual summer event once again transformed the West Esplanade into a vibrant and welcoming gathering place for families, visitors and locals alike. From midday through to the early evening, children were treated to a huge range of free entertainment—everything from the mini Ferris wheel to face painting, laser tag and even Scotty's Snakes making an appearance. Throughout the afternoon, local performers filled the foreshore with music, adding to the festive atmosphere. Food vendors and community groups served up crowd favourites such as mini dutch pancakes and waffles. The highlight was the duck race at 6 pm, where 600 colourful ducks were released onto the Duck River, near the bridge, navigating that river and the occasional rebellious competitor. A special thank you goes to the dedicated volunteers, especially the stray-duck catchers in kayaks, who keep the race running smoothly every year. I extend my warmest congratulations to the sponsors, McCain Foods and Circular Head Council, along with others, and to every volunteer who played a role in bringing this event together. Their hard work, creativity and commitment are what make Day on the Duck such a stand-out feature on the local calendar. It really reflects the true heart of Circular Head.</para>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">The DEPUTY SPEAKER</name>
    <name.id>264170</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>In accordance with standing order 43, the time for members' statements has concluded.</para>
</interjection>
</speech>
</subdebate.1></debate>
    <debate><debateinfo>
        <title>PRIVATE MEMBERS' BUSINESS</title>
        <page.no>258</page.no>
        <type>PRIVATE MEMBERS' BUSINESS</type>
      </debateinfo><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Migration</title>
          <page.no>258</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>16:45</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Dr RYAN</name>
    <name.id>297660</name.id>
    <electorate>Kooyong</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>Australia's success as a prosperous and successful democracy is inseparable from the contribution of migrants. Migrants strengthen our economy, enrich our social fabric and increase the resilience of our communities. In seconding the member for Warringah's motion, I recognise that migrants are not only central to our national identity; they are key to Australia's economic and cultural prosperity. Australians understand this. The Scanlon Foundation Research Institute's <inline font-style="italic">The 2024 mapping social cohesion report</inline> found that 85 per cent of Australians agreed that multiculturalism has been good for this country, with 82 per cent believing that immigrants improve Australian society.</para>
<para>In recent years, real and urgent economic strain, a national housing shortage, international conflicts and an increasingly polarised public debate have rendered migrant communities more vulnerable to negative and harmful political narratives. Politicians like Pauline Hanson have repeatedly chosen the low road by politicising immigration for their own ends. The coalition has proposed to cut permanent and net migration but without a coherent plan for how we could do that without hurting our economy. Labor's approach has been to fail to specify migration targets while allowing others to imply that immigrants are at fault for the policy failures of successive governments.</para>
<para>The reality is that net migration has fallen significantly in the last two years, after significant, albeit belated, tightening of student visa policies. But we do still have a significant issue with onshore backlogs for both permanent and temporary migration. For the first time, we have more than 400,000 individuals in this country on bridging visas. This is an issue which started when Peter Dutton and Mike Pezzullo oversaw Home Affairs. It worsened after COVID, when the coalition stomped on the immigration accelerator, and then it consolidated under the first term of the Albanese government.</para>
<para>We need to discuss immigration levels in an open, honest and transparent way. Australia's birthrate is at a record low. Immigration is a major driver of population growth. Migration is playing an increasingly critical role in maintaining our quality of life and supporting Australia's long-term economic stability. Without ongoing migration, our workforce will shrink, threatening our capacity to deliver essential services like aged, child and health care. Jobs and Skills Australia data from 2025 shows ongoing unmet labour demand in key sectors such as health care, education, construction and utilities. These are shortages which can be resolved by careful, targeted migration intake.</para>
<para>Migrants increase our economic productivity and resilience. They tend to be younger and more educated than the general population, contributing to productivity and to wage growth. They diversify our labour market, and they often demonstrate great entrepreneurship. They own about one-third of all Australian small businesses. These enterprises translate into job creation, community investment and new enterprise development. Our universities and TAFEs also develop clarity around overseas student numbers, which have a huge impact on institutions like Swinburne University of Technology, which is in my electorate of Kooyong.</para>
<para>Some Australian media outlets, think tanks and politicians avoid honest debates and conversations about immigration. They prefer to mislead and to foster discord. Their narratives oversimplify complex issues, unfairly target migrant communities and risk undermining the mutual respect and shared identity that underpin Australia's multicultural success. They create division and they distract from the evidence based policy solutions needed for the real challenges that face all Australians.</para>
<para>I'm very proud and honoured to represent an electorate in which a third of constituents were born overseas, having come from 150 countries of origin, and as many as one in six speak a language other than English at home. I celebrate each and every one of those nations and those cultures, and I thank those who have come from overseas and who choose to make Kooyong their home. That's why I'm pleased to second this motion calling for careful, responsible, evidence based immigration policy—policy that rejects rhetoric that inflames division and recognises that multiculturalism enriches our culture and our democracy and the richness and freedom of our society.</para>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>16:50</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms CAMPBELL</name>
    <name.id>312823</name.id>
    <electorate>Moreton</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I want to thank the member for Warringah for bringing this important motion to the House today. It speaks directly to one of the core strengths of my culturally diverse community, on the south side of Brisbane, and of multiculturalism and all of the wonderful festivals, traditions, foods, languages and celebrations that that word evokes.</para>
<para>However, the motion also reflects something more sombre: the need for some parts of our society to be reminded about the power of language—the power of language, in this case, to harm and to divide. There is no doubt that Australia is a multicultural success story. We are a nation proud of our diversity, and we are made up of a rich tapestry of cultures. The challenge we have right now is that people are seeking to pull at the threads of that tapestry. When Australian communities are blamed for people's and society's challenges, it deepens divisions. It diminishes the important and hardworking contributions that migrant communities have made, over—as the member for Fairfax would say—scores and scores of years. It strikes at their work.</para>
<para>None of these sentiments were in evidence at the four most recent local Australia Day citizenship ceremonies I attended. These joyous occasions were full of optimism. They were full of pride. They were full of commitment. They were full of enthusiasm. And they were full of patriotism. I want to say that patriotism is not for the exclusive use of those who sit opposite, because patriotism does not see skin colour; patriotism does not see religion. Patriotism does not see those things. Patriotism sees only the love of this country, of Australia, and every new citizen, at each of those ceremonies, had it in absolute spades.</para>
<para>It is that approach that so many migrants bring to starting things, and to supporting and sustaining our economy—particularly our small businesses. In fact, the positive impact these communities have on Australia's economy is significant. The Australian Industry Group states that migrants fill critical roles across key industries such as health care, construction, information technology and education, addressing skills shortages and enhancing the nation's productivity.</para>
<para>This government's approach to migration has been to ensure that policies genuinely serve the country's long-term interests and skills needs and drive the national interest. We are guided by the migration strategy which was released in December 2023, and this drew on the conclusions of the Nixon review. It outlined 44 new and existing policy commitments, along with areas flagged for future reform. Labor is taking deliberate and responsible steps to repair the dysfunctional system that we inherited from those opposite, and this means restoring integrity; it means strengthening safeguards and guiding the system back to a sustainable level.</para>
<para>Crucially, we've already delivered the majority of the strategy's reforms and this includes establishing the national innovation visa to support growth in industries of national significance. It also includes rolling out the new skills in demand visa, which features a core skills pathway designed to meet specific workforce needs and a specialist skills pathway to support innovation in order to generate new jobs.</para>
<para>When you consider that Australia is such a special place, it's important to remember that it's home to the world's oldest continuing culture and that over half of all Australians were born overseas or had a parent who was born overseas. Some of us, like my family, can trace our migrant roots back to the 1800s. I've heard Australia described as a melting pot and I've heard it described as a mixed salad. But whatever analogy you choose to use, it's recognition that there are myriad histories, languages and cultural traditions that form the Australian story. This is something to celebrate. Our community has been made all the stronger and all the more resilient because of it. This is in the national interest.</para>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">The DEPUTY SPEAKER</name>
    <name.id>264170</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>The time allotted for this debate has expired. The debate is adjourned and the resumption of the debate will be made an order of the day for the next sitting.</para>
</interjection>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>National Skills Agreement</title>
          <page.no>260</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>16:56</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms FERNANDO</name>
    <name.id>299964</name.id>
    <electorate>Holt</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I move the motion relating to the National Skills Agreement in the terms in which it appears on the <inline font-style="italic">Notice Paper</inline>:</para>
<quote><para class="block">That this House:</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(1) acknowledges that the Government inherited the most severe skill shortages in half a century, after a decade of neglect and an absence of any national skills agreement;</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(2) recognises the Government for securing the landmark five-year National Skills Agreement, giving Australians easier access to training no matter where they live;</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(3) emphasises that the agreement resets how Australia plans, funds and delivers vocational education and training, backed by $12.6 billion over five years, including $3.7 billion in additional funding to strengthen the skills system;</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(4) observes that the Government's training reform and investment is delivering real outcomes, with national skills shortages easing over three consecutive years, and occupations in shortage falling from 36 per cent in 2023, to 33 per cent in 2024, and 29 per cent in 2025; and</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(5) commends the Government's efforts to support Australians to upskill and reskill so more Australians get qualified for well-paid jobs in the sectors that employers and industries need including housing, care and support services, clean energy and digital capability.</para></quote>
<para>TAFE is fundamental to the future of our nation. It is a vital component of our tertiary education system, equipping Australians with the hands-on practical skills our economy depends on. As a proud graduate of TAFE, I know first-hand how vocational qualification can empower people and unlock opportunities that may once have felt out of reach. TAFE changes lives. It opens doors because, let's be honest, university does not suit all of us. For many Australians, learning practical job-ready skills aligns far better with how we learn than sitting in a lecture theatre all day.</para>
<para>There should be no hierarchy when it comes to education. A skilled tradesperson is just as vital to our nation's prosperity as any other profession. The Albanese Labor government recognises this. After a decade of underinvestment in vocational education by the Liberal and National parties, Australia faced growing skill shortages in crucial fields such as construction, aged care and nursing. Communities felt the consequences. Housing supply fell behind demand, infrastructure projects slowed, and vulnerable Australians struggled to find qualified care workers. That is why we were elected. We committed to rebuilding TAFE and restoring it as a national priority.</para>
<para>In 2023, we delivered the National Skills Agreement, a landmark five-year partnership with every state and territory to invest $12.6 billion into vocational education and training, and the results are already clear. Skill shortages have fallen every single year since then, from 36 per cent in 2023 to 29 per cent in 2025. Labor has also committed more than 100,000 free TAFE places each year across the country. While the Liberal Party dismissed this as wasteful spending, more than 725,000 Australians have enrolled. Know how life changing this can be. Research shows that students who complete a vocational education can earn a median income $11,800 higher in the year after finishing their course. This is not wasteful; this is transformational. This is the difference between getting by and getting ahead.</para>
<para>We have also strengthened the pipeline of construction workers through support for apprentices. More than 11,400 apprentices have already commenced trades under our $10,000 Key Apprenticeship Program. Each of these apprentices is not just training for a career; they are the workers who will build the very homes Australia so urgently needs. Every apprentice represents another step forward in addressing our longstanding housing shortage.</para>
<para>So I ask those opposite: how can you stand in this House and call opportunities wasteful? How can removing barriers to education and helping Australians secure stable employment possibly be anything other than responsible nation building? But perhaps this is the difference between the Liberal Party and Labor. Those opposites see costs; we see investment. They see spending; we see opportunities. They look at the past; we are building Australia's future.</para>
<para>The National Skills Agreement is about ensuring Australians have the skills our nation needs. It's about productivity. It is about prosperity and, better yet, it's about fairness. That is why I am so proud to stand with a party that will always invest in our TAFE sector.</para>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">The DEPUTY SPEAKER</name>
    <name.id>299498</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>Is there a seconder for the motion?</para>
</interjection>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">Ms Comer</name>
    <name.id>316551</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>I second the motion and reserve my right to speak.</para>
</interjection>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>17:01</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr BUCHHOLZ</name>
    <name.id>230531</name.id>
    <electorate>Wright</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>When we left office there were 415,000 trainees and apprentices in the system. Today, after four years of Labor, there are over 107,000 fewer. That's the reality of bringing this motion to the House. The track record of Labor in apprenticeships and training is so appalling, and I'm going to spell it out for every one in the room.</para>
<para>Before I do that, the speaker just before said she was proud of her productivity rates under Labor. They're some of the lowest in the world, in the OECD. The productivity rates in Australia at the moment are nothing to be proud of. But Labor will, of course, take credit for that. She spoke about how they see TAFE investment as responsible spending. I'm going to share with the room some of the completion rates in the TAFE system as opposed to the private sector, and they are in stark contrast.</para>
<para>I've outlined that we had 415,000 trainees and apprentices in the system when we left. There are 107,000 fewer today. By 2027, it is forecast that we will be 300,000 skilled tradesmen short to meet not only our Olympics bid but just the day-to-day infrastructure required. Look at the housing situation we've got at the moment. When we were in office, the Housing Industry Association state that house construction was around 200,000 to 220,000 a year. A simple Google search will confirm that today, under Labor, it's 170,000 on average. If you listen to their ambitious targets about housing constructs, on average they need around 255,000 now to meet their target. Without the skilled tradespeople coming into the system, we'll just never get there. We will never get there.</para>
<para>So, rightfully, Labor have taken on a very aggressive immigration position where they've got 1.2 million extra migrants in the country. That's not to mention we're not too sure where all of them will live, and that is putting pressure on our housing sector. But that's not a debate for today. I want to stay in the skills shortage area. You would have thought, with all those extra migrants coming in, that that would have dealt with the shortage, but it's only expanded the problem. We need to have migration, but it needs to be targeted migration.</para>
<para>But the unions will not have it. They won't bring the electricians in. They won't bring the chippies in. They won't bring any of them into the country. Instead we have this inflationary pressure whereby the RBA was forced to push up interest rates the other day because the cost of housing is going up. The RBA's data the other day factored in 21.7 per cent in private sector demand. So we've got skills down and immigration up, and these guys—Labor—come into the House and say, 'We're going to fix it all with the TAFE system and we're going to throw a bucketload of money at it.'</para>
<para>I asked one of the peak bodies today, before coming in, to send me what they think the issue is. They were quite adamant. They said that whenever either government, us or Labor—and Labor do this more often than we do—take the financial incentives away from the employer the apprenticeship numbers and training numbers fall off a cliff. We used to partner with small business to the tune of around $8,000 to help subsidise a skilled tradesperson, an apprentice or a trainee. Labor were at $4,000, and we got them up to $5,000, kicking and screaming. But the only way we're going to fix this skilled labour issue is to partner with small business, and everyone knows Labor hates small business. <inline font-style="italic">(Time expired)</inline></para>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>17:06</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms BRISKEY</name>
    <name.id>263427</name.id>
    <electorate>Maribyrnong</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I want to acknowledge the member for Holt for bringing forward this motion for debate. I'm proud to speak on a topic that not only is close to my heart but is absolutely foundational to the communities I represent in Maribyrnong: the future of our national skills and training system. When I'm out in my community chatting with locals, the conversations are almost always about two things: the cost of living and the pressure that people are under, and opportunity. People in Melbourne's north-west are aspirational. They want to know that their children can access a secure, well-paid and fulfilling career. They want to know that if they need to pivot mid-career the door to retraining is open. They want to know that the bridge between education and a better life is strong.</para>
<para>But for 10 long years, under the previous coalition government, that bridge was allowed to crumble. We didn't accidentally inherit a skills shortage in 2022; we inherited a decade of deliberate ideological neglect. We saw TAFE campuses stripped of their funding, instructors pushed to their breaking point and a vocational system that was treated like a second-class option. Those opposite sat idly by while the National Skills Agreement lapsed and our workforce planning fell into disarray. They viewed TAFE as a line item in a budget to be cut rather than an engine to be fuelled.</para>
<para>This government has stopped the rot and started to rebuild. We recognise a fundamental truth that those opposite have never been able to grasp: You cannot solve a housing crisis without the carpenters, plumbers and electricians to build the homes. You cannot ease pressure on our healthcare system without a steady pipeline of nurses and carers. You cannot navigate a global energy transition without the workforce that's capable of rewiring the nation. And you cannot build Australia's future with a weakened VET sector.</para>
<para>That is why we are backing our future tradies with real, direct support. Through our Key Apprenticeship Program we are providing $10,000 incentive payments for apprentices in the construction and clean energy sectors. This is a $2,000 boost every year of their training and a final payment upon completion. It is designed to help our young people stay in their trade, to manage cost of living and to get the tools they need to build the 1.2 million homes Australia needs.</para>
<para>This work goes hand in hand with our landmark five-year National Skills Agreement. This is a historic reset. For the first time we have a unified national plan, a shared stewardship model that ensures that the Commonwealth and the states are finally moving in the same direction. The results of this serious, methodical approach are already visible. Under our watch, workers in occupations where there was once short supply have steadily increased. This is what happens when you treat TAFE as an essential cog in our economy. By legislating free TAFE as a permanent fixture of our education landscape, we have removed the financial barriers that once locked capable Australians out of the workforce. We have delivered close to 600,000 places, ensuring that 'fee free' isn't just a slogan, but a permanent statutory right for Australians.</para>
<para>In my electorate of Maribyrnong, the Kangan Institute in Essendon stands as a shining example of this transformation. I have visited the Essendon Health Hub many times, and the energy there is infectious. The campus is a vital pipeline for our healthcare sector, training the nurses and health service assistants who will look after us and our families.</para>
<para>But our success requires more than just a classroom. It requires a sense of security. For too long, students in high-pressure fields like nursing and social work have faced the crushing reality of placement poverty. They're expected to work hundreds of hours in mandatory clinical placements while somehow still paying the rent and putting food on the table. That is why our Commonwealth prac payment is a landmark reform. As of this year, 2026, we are providing $338.60 per week to eligible students while they are on prac. This isn't just a payment; it's a statement of respect. It ensures that a nursing student at Kangan isn't forced to choose between completing their degree or being able to afford their groceries.</para>
<para>The contrast in this place is stark. Those opposite spent a decade taking a sledgehammer to TAFE; we have restored it as a vital part of our economy and education system. We are training the tradies who will build our future suburbs and towns. We have moved past the years of neglect; we are now in an era of delivering. I commend the motion to the House.</para>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>17:11</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms SHARKIE</name>
    <name.id>265980</name.id>
    <electorate>Mayo</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>National agreements are important, but national action is what is needed. The Jobs and Skills Australia occupation short-list in October 2025 saw that 29 per cent of assessed occupations are in shortage nationwide. Half of the occupations in shortage were technicians and trades relating to construction, engineering and automotive trades.</para>
<para>Infrastructure Australia said that construction workforce shortage for major project pipelines is 141,000 short of what is needed, and this shortage is expected to peak at 300,000 in 2027—only a year away. The shortage in regional areas is forecast to quadruple between last year, 2025, and 2027.</para>
<para>A report that was released in December 2025 said the number of apprentices and trainees in training contracts decreased by 11.3 per cent on the previous year. So did the number of trade contracts, by seven per cent. This should be ringing alarm bells for every single person in this place. Commencement in trade occupations declined by 29 per cent. Surely, we must do better. This is going to affect every single Australian.</para>
<para>Young people leaving school face a 10 per cent unemployment rate, and an underemployment rate of 17 per cent. There are lots of them in casual roles as baristas, but there are not enough being plumbers, being electricians, being sparkies. In past years, governments were the largest trainers of apprentices. Now we expect the private sector to do this. Back in the nineties, it was governments—federal and state—that would be the largest apprentice employers. Not anymore, but we've made it so difficult for small businesses to take on an apprentice. It is just too cumbersome and the rewards aren't there. It costs money for a small business, in those first couple of years, to have an apprentice. It's a massive investment for that business, and businesses are really struggling right now. There are so many expenses they just can't take apprentices on. No wonder we have a 29 per cent drop.</para>
<para>If we look at Roy Morgan Research from last November, it said the real unemployment rate in Australia, which included people looking for work, not just those currently counted as underemployed by the ABS, was approximately 1.63 million Australians, and the underemployment rate was around three million Australians, those who just don't have enough hours of work and would like more.</para>
<para>In 2024, according to ACOSS, more than 550,000 people who were receiving income support had been receiving it for more than a year, and 417,000—around 45 per cent of them—were aged 55 to 66. We know that for every one entry-level job, there are 25 long-term unemployed Australians who are competing for it. And yet, we are not addressing this. Most providers won't even work with a person to get a certificate III to get into those entry-level jobs that we desperately need for aged care or child care. You can't just walk into those jobs. You can't just say, 'I'm keen'; you need to have qualifications. Yet we have a system to work with unemployed Australians that doesn't fix the two together. There's a massive disconnect.</para>
<para>COTA last week reported that gen X, my generation, are experiencing discrimination in the workforce, and 25 per cent of older Australians are living in poverty. We discourage aged pensioners, many of whom would love to be continuing in the workforce, by charging them 50c in the dollar over a very low threshold when they're on the pension. This is contributing to the culture of ageism and we need to address this.</para>
<para>National Seniors say a five per cent increase in older people working would increase our GDP by $47 billion. So what do we need to do? There are a few things government needs to do. We need to focus on employing Australians of all ages first, not focus on importing people for roles. We need to invest in our own people. We need to provide real incentives for small businesses. We don't do that at the moment. If we want them to have trainees, if we want them to have apprentices, we need to help them. We're not doing it. We need to address ageist discrimination and this starts with government. We need to change the narrative. We need to allow pensioners to work without penalty. They have so much to give and they are being short-changed by us. And we need to invest in training and skills that will ensure people gain meaningful employment to ensure that we don't just have this churn of unemployed people. We have jobs, we have the people, so we need to marry the two together. We need to do much better than what we're doing now.</para>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>17:16</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr HOLZBERGER</name>
    <name.id>88411</name.id>
    <electorate>Forde</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I'm going after a couple of contributions there. Member for Mayo, even though I disagree with a lot of what you were saying there in terms of us not doing things, I appreciate the constructive contribution that you made there. Australians just want to see us working. Australians just want to see us working together, which is I don't think what we got from my neighbour, the member for Wright, who displayed a spectacular lack of self-reflection by blaming all of the problems on the system, by blaming all of the problems on housing on this government when those opposite had 10 years and they did absolutely nothing. In fact, all they managed to do was leave us with the biggest skill shortage in over 50 years. I know that because I was out there working in the community when the housing crisis really hit while they were in government. So for those opposite to try and say that it was us that was responsible, I suppose in many ways shows really that skills may not be the most interesting area of government but it is one of the most clear examples of the difference in values between the government and between the coalition, between a government that believes in free TAFE as being a force to liberate the entrepreneurial aspirations of future carpenters and plumbers compared to how the opposition sees it when the member for Cook in this very chamber, the Federation Chamber, described free TAFE as virtue signalling.</para>
<para>The problems that we have today are different from the problems that I had when I was living in the member for Parkes' electorate in Broken Hill, where I come from, where I desperately wanted to do an apprenticeship as a fitter and machinist. Unfortunately, I only ever got to the level of breaking things and not being able to fix things at Procraft. I'm not sure if Procraft still exists—the mining contractor—but I desperately wanted to be an apprentice machinist. I didn't make the grade and, because unemployment in Broken Hill during that time in the nineties was running at about 20 per cent, I was easily replaced.</para>
<para>Well, we've got a completely different economy now. There is no way that you can easily replace somebody who has the will to become an apprentice, so there is an opportunity here to train the people for the future. There are two things that I'd like to say here. One is that I believe very strongly through my own experience in small business that there are two ways to run a small business. You can invest in your plant and your people—improve the productive capacity of that business—or you can run it into the ground, you can strip the profits out and you can delay the investment. Just as you run a business, so you run the country. Whereas the government believes in investing in that to improve that productive capacity, the opposition has believed in delaying those investments and stripping the profits out. Unfortunately, we have seen the country run into the ground.</para>
<para>When I look at this motion, I find it impossible, really, to disagree with. These are facts here—the fact that we were left with the biggest skills shortage in more than half a century; the fact that we have secured a landmark five-year national skills agreement; the fact that we have reset how Australia plans, funds and delivers vocational education and training; the fact that you can see the proof in three statistics. From 2023 through 2024 to 2025, we have seen the shortages falling from 36 per cent to 33 per cent to 29 per cent. These are measurable returns on the investment that we are making in the National Skills Agreement, the heart of which really has to be free TAFE. Again, that's showing the values differences between the government and the opposition, knowing that we can invest in our people through free TAFE, that it is not a cost and that it is certainly not virtue signalling.</para>
<para>When you look at the areas that the government is focusing on—housing, care and support services, and clean energy—that really does, I think, sum up the other thing that I'd like to say, which is that Australia's post-war economic miracle was an investment in public housing and an investment in public energy. Getting those skills together in those two critical areas is not only going to give individuals a great future and a secure job but going to secure the productive capacity of our economy and Australia's future.</para>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>17:21</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms ALDRED</name>
    <name.id>11788</name.id>
    <electorate>Monash</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I passionately believe that your postcode shouldn't determine your potential, and there's no more important area in my electorate of Monash than higher education skills and improving higher education outcomes for my community. In 2011 I had the privilege of serving on the Gippsland Tertiary Education Council, and that followed on from some very important work that was initiated through the Gippsland Tertiary Education Plan, which was chaired and undertaken by Kwong Lee Dow, former vice-chancellor of Monash University. I reflect on that time to now, and some of those findings and imperatives remain just as true today as they were in 2011.</para>
<para>There are barriers to education and higher education outcomes in my electorate that existed back then and still exist today, and they centre around a lack of access. Public transport, particularly for those communities in South Gippsland and the Bass Coast, which are not on the train line, acts is a real barrier to university and TAFE in the Gippsland region. Lack of access to child care for a lot of young people trying to further their education and skills outcomes is something that we still desperately need to address. For small businesses that want to give young people a go through apprenticeships, those cost barriers are still prohibitive. Those things, today, are areas which this federal government need to better address in my region just as they need to address them in regional communities right across Australia.</para>
<para>I do want to give a shout-out to local organisations that are really putting their best foot forward in supporting young people. I've met with TAFE Gippsland a number of times. They are doing really important work to help drive jobs and skills outcomes that benefit our whole region across a number of areas. They're working very well with local employers to support that. I also want to give a shout-out to local LENs—the Baw Baw LLEN and the South Gippsland Bass Coast LLEN. They will go along to local skills and job fairs from Leongatha to Lardner Park. I attended one in Leongatha last year. Those local LENs do a great job of supporting job applicants with CV-checking and with their skills forums, and I want to encourage them to continue to do that.</para>
<para>There are a number of other barriers that people in my electorate face. I want to read out an email from a constituent that I received recently:</para>
<quote><para class="block">Hi, my name is Brett, I am a 30 year old plumber studying a Diploma of Building in construction to enable my career progression and provide better for my family.</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">My issue I want to discuss is the lack of access to Critical study materials for students, Apprentices, Trades and other industry professionals.</para></quote>
<para>Brett goes on to say that, while there's been a focus on access to TAFE, the cost-prohibitive areas actually relate to Brett's study materials—critical information, books and other areas. He cites some examples: masonry and small buildings, $261; concrete structures, $387; and residential slabs and footing, $347. I could go on, but Brett's point is very well made.</para>
<para>The other issue that I want to draw to this as an example is an email that I got recently from Trudy, who is a mum in my electorate who wrote to me about the impact that her kids are experiencing. Trudy wrote to me: 'As parents of three young adults who are all wishing to move to Melbourne for university, the financial stress is immense. I've looked at the details for both youth allowance and relocation allowance. We had zero financial assistance for our now 22-year-old, who is now living in Melbourne, hand to mouth, in a rental. Our 19-year-old deferred and so won't be eligible for the relocation allowance, and our youngest may be eligible for $3,000, being from inner regional Inverloch the means testing of our combined incomes needs to be under $62½ thousand dollars to qualify for youth allowance as a dependent, and I believe it's completely unfair that the same rule applies for Melbourne young people as it does for regional young people.' And so Trudy provides a really good example where, unfortunately, your postcode is determining your potential for higher education outcomes and skills access under this federal government, who don't support people from regional communities and who don't recognise the additional burdens and challenges of young people who want to get ahead and want to get skills and education attainment. They're not getting a fair go under this federal government.</para>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>17:26</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms CLUTTERHAM</name>
    <name.id>316101</name.id>
    <electorate>Sturt</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>Australia is building and growing, South Australia is building and growing and my electorate of Sturt is also building and growing. Whether it be the Osborne Shipyard, home to the future build of the AUKUS SSN class submarines, the landmark housing developments in the northern and inner-city parts of Adelaide, the new Women's and Children's Hospital or the Torrens to Darlington Road upgrade, South Australia is building. The hospital, houses, roads and submarines do not build themselves. Skilled workers build them, and skilled workers educate the children of those workers who are doing the building. Skilled workers care for the ageing parents of those workers who are doing the building. South Australia may be the beating heart of AUKUS, but AUKUS is a national endeavour requiring effort and dedication across the country, and programs like AUKUS, so critical for our national security and our prosperity, require a skilled workforce.</para>
<para>That is why the Albanese Labor government is bringing states and territories together to improve vocational education and training and build the skilled workforce our country needs for the future. Skills shortages will leave our country behind, and that is why this future-focused government has prosecuted the National Skills Agreement, which was designed to directly target industries with the most critical skill shortages. This five-year agreement releasing up to $34 billion to strengthen the VET system is a landmark investment in productivity and future economic security. The data tells us that the percentage of occupations suffering from a skill shortage has dropped to 29 per cent in 2025 from 36 per cent in 2023. Skills shortages in these critical industries are at their lowest level in three years, and these industries are critical. They are housing, care, support services, clean energy and digital capability.</para>
<para>The National Skills Agreement is not just a bucket of funding; it is a complete reset of how the future workforce is trained for these critical industries. Since 1 January 2024, $135 million in policy funding has been paid to the states and territories and $225 million has been announced through the National Skills Agreement to be matched by the states and territories to establish 14 TAFE centres of excellence, which are central to delivering a refreshed and strengthened VET sector. In my home state of South Australia, TAFE SA is leading with the Centre of Excellence in Early Childhood Education and Care and with the National Security TAFE Centre of Excellence in a joint initiative between the Australian government and the South Australian government. A key feature of these TAFE centres of excellence is the partnerships they are fostering with university, industry, unions, jobs and skills councils, and other TAFEs across Australia. Partnerships with industry are particularly important, because it is these partnerships that lead to work-ready graduates who are not just highly skilled in their field but are ready to hit the ground running from day one.</para>
<para>Labor is the party of skills, and Labor is also the party of free TAFE. It is not true that, if you receive something for free, you don't value it. Ask the 725,000 students, 62 per cent of whom are women, who have enrolled in free TAFE places, including the 24,000 in my electorate of Sturt, whether they value the opportunity to achieve a meaningful qualification that will lead to a well-paid, secure job in a critical industry. They value it. Ask the students who typically face barriers to education and training—such as women, economically disadvantaged students and Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander persons—whether they value the opportunity to participate in the education system, then participate in the paid workforce, providing a better life for their families and doing something for themselves. They value it. And ask everyday, reasonable Australians whether they value having highly-skilled workers to build the houses we urgently need, to educate young children, to care for elderly family members, to assist in the transition to renewable energy, and to contribute to the largest defence project in Australian history with transformative, generational opportunity for industrial and strategic advancement. Australians value it. Free TAFE is valued by all who touch it and all who directly or indirectly benefit from it.</para>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>17:31</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms LE</name>
    <name.id>295676</name.id>
    <electorate>Fowler</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I rise to speak on the motion brought by the member for Holt. I understand that the government would like to trumpet its success in securing what it calls a landmark agreement and to point to percentage drops in national skills shortages. But the young people and small businesses of Fowler are experiencing something quite different. We've heard today that the National Skills Agreement supposedly gives Australians easier access to training no matter where they live. But the people in my electorate—one of the most diverse and socioeconomically challenged in the country—beg to differ.</para>
<para>Let's look at the one of the blind spots that this motion and the National Skills Agreement ignore. This is not just about providing a classroom to teach the next generation of trainees and apprentices; it's about backing the small and medium-sized manufacturing businesses at the heart of our community so that they can actually employ them. Manufacturing is the lifeblood of Fowler, employing around 12 to 18 per cent of local workers—roughly double the national share of about six per cent. These are not giant government-subsidised corporations. They are small and medium-sized family and migrant owned businesses, in light manufacturing and food production—the places that have given generations of migrants and refugees their very first job. They are the backbone of our local economy.</para>
<para>In Fowler, we especially need more trainees and apprentices in manufacturing, construction, care, logistics and the service sector—exactly the industries that keep Western Sydney's economy running every day. The government talks about billions in funding, yet the lion's share is funnelled into institutions like TAFE—which is fine, but our small local businesses are left to fend for themselves. How can a small business in Liverpool or Fairfield take on an apprentice when they are being smashed by rising energy costs, rent, insurance and of course other compliance costs as well?</para>
<para>The government might be funding the classroom, but it's failing to support the workshop floor, where the real learning happens, in my community. There's a lot of talk about easing skills shortages, and that should absolutely be a national priority. But you cannot fix a shortage with a revolving door. Nationally, almost half of apprentices do not finish their training. That alone tells us that the current system is not working for our young people or for employers. Our young people are facing a cost-of-living firestorm. When entry-level apprentice wages are so low that a young person can't help their parents pay the rent, the mortgage or the power bill, they walk away. They take casual, low-skilled jobs, just to keep the family afloat. This agreement does nothing practical to deal with that reality on the ground in places like Fowler.</para>
<para>We also hear a lot about equal access, but this agreement barely acknowledges the unique realities of south-west Sydney. Many of our residents speak a language other than English at home. They're not sitting on government websites reading media releases about fee-free TAFE. For them, navigating complex application forms, online portals and bureaucratic language can be overwhelming. If outreach is not targeted, multilingual and truly place based, communities like mine will be left behind yet again.</para>
<para>Last year, the minister announced $20 million for a new energy skills centre in western Melbourne and $35 million to expand clean energy training, promising that apprentices in clean energy and housing construction could be eligible for up to $10,000 in support. I welcome that investment, but I have to ask: What about apprentices who want to build a future in other sectors like local manufacturing, food production, logistics or care work, which employ so many people in Fowler? What about those in south-west Sydney for whom travelling to those specialist hubs is simply not realistic or affordable? Investment in one sector cannot come at the expense of others, and it cannot ignore where people actually live and work.</para>
<para>Training in my community is more than just turning up to a couple of classes or ticking a box on a course. For young people in Fowler, it's about whether they can afford the train fare, whether there is child care for their younger siblings or their own children and whether they have a mentor who understands their culture, language and family responsibilities. The National Skills Agreement, as it stands, misses the primary industry base of my electorate and the day to day barriers faced by my community. What should be an equal opportunity for anyone wanting to upskill has yet again fallen short for the young people of Fowler. So I say to this government that if you are serious about skills, then make it real for communities like mine. Give small business manufacturers the support they need to take on and keep apprentices. Lift financial support so apprentices can afford to stay in training and fund targeted multicultural outreach in places like south-west Sydney.</para>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">The DEPUTY SPEAKER</name>
    <name.id>299498</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>The time allotted for this debate has expired. The debate is adjourned, and the resumption of the debate will be made an order of the day for the next sitting.</para>
</interjection>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Victoria: Bushfires</title>
          <page.no>266</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>17:37</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr VIOLI</name>
    <name.id>300147</name.id>
    <electorate>Casey</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I move:</para>
<quote><para class="block">That this House:</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">notes that:</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(a)   Saturday, 7 February 2026, marks the 17th anniversary of the tragic 2009 Black Saturday bushfires; and</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(b)   the recent and ongoing bushfires across Victoria have devastated the state, including the heartbreaking loss of one life, the destruction of homes, farmland, livestock and agricultural livelihoods; and</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">acknowledges the bravery and tireless dedication of local Country Fire Authority crews, emergency services and volunteers who continue to work under extreme conditions to defend Victorian lives and property, including those who met the call and travelled long distances to help support fire-threatened communities.</para></quote>
<para>Debate ensued.</para>
<para>On this Saturday just gone, 7 February, we recognised the 17th anniversary of the tragic 2009 Black Saturday bushfires. It's a day that I remember vividly and lived through, like so many in my community. It was after a fortnight of a long heatwave that our worst fears eventuated, when fires ripped through parts of our community, killing 173 people, injuring 414 and destroying 2,029 homes. That was the physical damage, but the ongoing trauma and mental anguish lives to this day and will continue to live with all of those, including me, who were impacted.</para>
<para>There were over 400 fires recorded across our state that day. Each one was met with courage by the men and women of the CFA, the SES, Forest Fire Management and so many community members as well as the police and ambulance services. More than 450,000 hectares were burnt that day and almost 80 Victorian townships were left completely unrecognisable. We remember the brave men and women who met the call to protect our communities that day and in the weeks and months that followed. I'll never forget the way that our community came together in the weeks and months after the fires. As the ferocity of the fire finally extinguished, our community spirit and resilience rose, and that spirit of looking out for one another is something that lives on to this day. It makes our region the best place to call home. For me, as a survivor, Black Saturday's anniversary is a day when I take a moment to stop, pause, reflect and recommit every year to make sure I live my life in honour of those who didn't get the opportunity to continue their lives.</para>
<para>The dangers that we saw in 2009 are still with us today. As part of this motion, I want to pay respect to all who were impacted by the fires recently, and I want to pay tribute to cattle farmer Max Hobson, who tragically lost his life in the Longwood fire near Seymour in central Victoria, just north of my home and my communities across Casey. My thoughts remain with the Victorians who have been impacted by these fires, which destroyed more than 400 homes and caused mass devastation to livestock, farmland and agricultural livelihoods.</para>
<para>While towns evacuated, adhering to emergency warnings, CFA crews from across our regions turned out in force to support their fellow community members and Victorians. I've since visited local CFA brigades and spoken to many volunteers and captains across the community who were on the fire front. I had a particular conversation recently with the Badger Creek CFA. They helped protect the township of Alexandra from the oncoming fire. What was amazing about the conversation and what we talked about is that they left Badger Creek to go north to Alexandra. They were going to the danger while others, rightly, were leaving that danger zone.</para>
<para>The incredible courage that they showed to protect that community, stationed in front of an aged-care facility, is something we struggle to comprehend. They kept Alexandra safe. CFA volunteers all across the state put themselves in front of the fire front, in towns across our communities, to keep them safe. That is the community spirit at heart. The sight of those local trucks provides support to so many people.</para>
<para>It has also been wonderful to see the community spirit of finding ways to help. That was evident when a 300-strong crowd recently gathered in Seville to cheer on a convoy of trucks and utes donating hay to farmers affected by the Longwood bushfires. A group of locals who call themselves the Cute Ute Crew have been working hard alongside Aussie Hay Runners to deliver hay and stockfeed where it's needed. It was heartwarming to see the convoy of five semi-trailers and 157 utes make its way through the Yarra Valley up to northern Victoria, fuelled by coffees provided by the team at Branded Burgers. These are locals, some with memories of Black Saturday and others with the drive to help out, and they're making a real difference to Victorian farmers, giving up their time after working on weekends to support others.</para>
<para>It's this community spirit that makes our regions the best place to call home. And it's why we love this country. We go through devastation, we support each other during the devastation and we work together as a country—as Victorians, as locals, and as Australians—to keep each other safe and help through those terrible, terrible times.</para>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">The DEPUTY SPEAKER</name>
    <name.id>299498</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>Is the motion seconded?</para>
</interjection>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">Mr Tehan</name>
    <name.id>210911</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>I second the motion, with great honour, and reserve my right to speak.</para>
</interjection>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>17:42</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr ROB MITCHELL</name>
    <name.id>M3E</name.id>
    <electorate>McEwen</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>Every year on 7 February we stop and remember that fateful day in 2009. Extreme weather conditions, the long-term drought, a record-breaking heatwave—it was a case of when, not if. At 11.47, off Saunders Road in East Kilmore, a power fault between power poles 38 and 39 sparked dry vegetation, which was fanned by 125 kilometre-per-hour winds. Our worst fears became reality.</para>
<para>The day changed our lives forever. The new normal became the reality. The landscape in our communities was scarred. For many members of our community—families and friends—those scars will never leave. The day is a day for personal reflection, to take time and pause to remember those we lost during the fires and the many more we lost post-fire because of the fire. We remember and think of the many people still carrying the pain and the scars from that time, physically and mentally, today. We pay thanks to the thousands of people who came to our aid. The worst of our time brought out the best in our nation. Whatever people choose to do on 7 February, reflect, respect and remember.</para>
<para>The Kilmore East fire spread quickly and crossed the Hume Freeway at 1.58 pm. It burnt through to Wandong and arrived at Mount Disappointment at 3 pm. The fire was then blown towards Humevale and Kinglake. We all stayed together, glued to our radios, listening to UGFM, who kept us up to date as the disaster unfolded across our region. They are vital, informed local volunteers and we thank them for the work that they do every time. Between 3.30 and 7 pm, the fire entered the Kinglake National Park, where it went towards Strathewen, St Andrews, Kinglake, Kinglake West, Chum Creek, Steels Creek, Arthurs Creek, Flowerdale, Broadford, Healesville and Toolangi. At 5.10 pm the wind changed from north-west to south-west, and the kilometre-long sides of the fire became the fire front.</para>
<para>The Murrindindi fire began at 3 pm and spread through Murrindindi state forest and the Black Range. It reached Narbethong at 4.20 pm and Marysville at 6.45, before burning through Buxton and Taggerty. The Kinglake fire complex was the most significant fire, which evolved from the merging of the Kilmore East fire and the Murrindindi fires in the early hours of 8 February 2009. It swept through state forests and national parks, with flames recorded at 30 metres high. Other fires began across the state at Bunyip, Horsham, Churchill, Redesdale, Beechworth, Bendigo, Marysville, Narre Warren and Upper Ferntree Gully. By the late evening, almost 400 individual fires were burning and Victoria Police had to announce the first casualties—fatalities.</para>
<para>The following day, as the Kilmore East fire and the Murrindindi Mill fire around Marysville merged to create the massive Kinglake fire complex, hot, dry conditions continued. Despite the concerted effort of more than 19,000 CFA members, the fires continued to blaze. It would take weeks before weather changes, reduction of fuel load and human intervention would make it subside. A total of 173 people lost their lives that day, 120 in the Kinglake area alone. Strathewen was the single most impacted town across that day. Another 414 people were injured. More than 450,000 hectares were burnt, and some 3½ thousand buildings and 2,000 homes were destroyed.</para>
<para>The RSPCA estimated that up to one million wild and domesticated animals died in that disaster. The Australian Disaster Resilience Knowledge Hub talks about Strathewen, saying 'the leaders in Strathewen seem to be able to bring people along with them'. That's one of the reasons they were successful. They invented a way of doing things, and they stuck to it. They were strong enough and cohesive enough to stick to what they knew would work.</para>
<para>Premier Brumby was criticised by the opposition, who said he was being 'melodramatic and over the top' in the days leading up to that fire. I believe Mr Brumby is still owed an apology. He warned us of what was going to happen and he was right. Communities paid a heavy toll, particularly people like Ben Hardman, who suffered the biggest impact of the fires throughout his electorate. Ben was actually on a fire truck all that day, defending Wandong Primary School and the Wandong community while his community around him burned.</para>
<para>The scale and the loss of this distress is tough to grapple with. As we think about all these things that happened, I want to pay tribute to a mate of mine, Cameron Caine. Cameron, as I've said in this place before, is a top bloke, a great police officer—just appalling taste in politics! He was the 2010 candidate against me in McEwen, but he's become a great friend. People like Cameron still deal with the issues today—friends who have been lost and scars on landscapes that are still there. Think about these people who drive through these areas day in and day out. They see the same thing happening. They see the markers of where the signs were and what happened.</para>
<para>We also think about Arthurs Creek CFA volunteer Joe Shepherd, who died in Melbourne's Alfred Hospital on 22 February from the injuries he received on Black Saturday. Joe's son Danny was 32, and he lost his life in the fires that day. ACT firefighter David Balfour also died in the February firefight. David was in Victoria repaying the debt of honour for those who came from our community to the ACT fires in 2003. <inline font-style="italic">(Time expired)</inline></para>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>17:48</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr TEHAN</name>
    <name.id>210911</name.id>
    <electorate>Wannon</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>It is a great privilege for me to stand up and back this motion by the member for Casey on the Black Saturday bushfires. It was a day that those of us who were in Victoria will always remember—the worst conditions that you could possibly imagine. And we were warned, but I don't think anyone could have quite anticipated how bad conditions were going to get on Black Saturday. We saw that play out, and it played out in particular around the north and north-east of the state with horrific consequences.</para>
<para>We heard the member for Casey detail what was done and in particular the heroic efforts of our CFA volunteers to try and protect communities. But, sadly, there was significant loss of life and significant damage to property and to livestock. Many of those scars we are still overcoming today. I drove through Alexandra recently, and once again it has been the heart of another devastating fire, which, sadly is part and parcel of living in regional and rural Victoria. That is why it is so important we're doing everything we can to back and support our wonderful CFA volunteers.</para>
<para>What I'd like to do today is put a little bit of focus on one other fire that occurred in my electorate on Black Saturday and just commend everyone who was involved in putting that fire out. There was a fire in Pomborneit in my electorate, and the local CFA did an extraordinary job there. But the fire at Coleraine on Black Saturday was also a significant fire. It burnt about 700 acres. One home and significant livestock were lost and, sadly, one individual was severely burned. For that individual, the scars of that day continue up until this very day. But, if it weren't for the absolute heroic efforts from all the volunteers on that day, that Coleraine fire could have been significantly worse. As a matter of fact, what we saw in the north and north-east of the state very much could have played out in the west of the state of Victoria. It didn't because of the ability of local volunteers but also farmers who were able to bring their own firefighting apparatuses. Many farmers in western Victoria now have their own trucks and their own ability to fight fires. They fund that themselves. This is not a debate where we want to go into politics, but funding our volunteer CFA has never been more important in Victoria. It's something that we need to see happen more and more. What they did on Black Saturday in 2009 was quite extraordinary.</para>
<para>To the east of Coleraine, you have the town of Hamilton, with a population 8,000. South—and it's a fair way south—you hit Heywood and Portland. North, you run into other population bases. So this fire had the potential, if it got out of control, to do enormous damage. Yet the way that the local CFA volunteers were able to hit that fire, protect the community of Coleraine, with a population between 1,500 and 2,000, and also make sure that there wasn't the damage that there potentially could have been was extraordinary.</para>
<para>One of the things with the Black Saturday royal commission that the communities on the west fought for was to make sure there was recognition of what had occurred in the west of the state and, in the end, to be able to point out—because it was a fault with one of the Powercor pieces of infrastructure that led to the fire—the need for us to continue to upgrade our power infrastructure to ensure that these types of fires don't happen again.</para>
<para>The Black Saturday bushfires royal commission handed down important recommendations. One of the things that they pointed to was the need for controlled burning to occur where it can every single year, and yet that has failed to happen. It also pointed to making sure that our CFA volunteers have the fighting equipment that they need, and sadly that is deteriorating too.</para>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>17:53</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms THWAITES</name>
    <name.id>282212</name.id>
    <electorate>Jagajaga</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>This is an important motion, and it is important that we commemorate one of the darkest days in our state of Victoria. Black Saturday was a day of terror. It was a day when too many lives were lost. It was a day that many people still deal with the consequences of. It was something that has changed forever how we look at bushfires not just in Victoria but right around this country. On Black Saturday, 173 lives were lost and more than 2,000 homes were destroyed. Whole communities and towns were changed forever. People, families, neighbours, communities and lives were torn apart in a matter of hours. For those of us in Victoria, especially across Melbourne's north and north-east, Black Saturday is still not something that we remember at a distance. It is something that we vividly hold and that many people still carry.</para>
<para>In my community of Jagajaga, many families have direct links to the communities that were devastated—Kinglake, Marysville, Strathewen, St Andrews and beyond. Many people locally were in the CFA crews and the emergency services who were on the front line that day. Some lost loved ones, some lost homes, and some lost the places that of course have shaped who they were. As I said, many are still carrying that trauma today. Today, to the survivors, the families of those who died, the firefighters, the emergency workers, the volunteers and the community members who stood in the face of that unimaginable danger: we as a parliament honour you. We remember not only what was lost but the courage that you showed and what has emerged from the ashes.</para>
<para>The events of Black Saturday have fundamentally changed the way we understand bushfire risk in Australia. We have in fact changed the way we talk about emergency management and the way we build, plan and prepare. As someone who, in an earlier life, was a journalist who spent some time training with our CFA crews and who has spent some time on the frontline on firefighting, I can say that the messages that went out prior to Black Saturday were very different to the messages that go out to communities now. We have as a result of that terrible disaster entirely changed the way that we tell communities to prepare and that we tell people to make sure that they are safe. In all of that, we are having to change the way that we think about climate, the way we think about weather and the way that fires now hit our communities as a result of our climate being warmer and our landscape being drier.</para>
<para>The royal commission into the Black Saturday bushfires made it clear that what happened was a warning of what could happen again if we didn't take that seriously. It gave us a new 'catastrophic' fire danger rating, and agencies across Australia came together to build a new Australian fire danger rating system. Emergency services across Australia built the Australian Warning System, for the first time creating nationally consistent public information for fires, floods, storms, cyclones and severe heat. We have, just this past summer, in Victoria again faced severe heatwaves, faced dangerous fire risks and faced dangerous fires, and I have no doubt that these ratings and these warnings have provided clarity and no doubt saved lives. I do hope for all the people who still carry the effect of Black Saturday that that is some comfort—that, as a result of what happened on that day, the Victorian government and governments around the country took note and said, 'We do need to be very serious and very methodical about how we look at this disaster, how we understand the lessons, how we honour the legacies of those who lost their lives and how we prepare for the future.'</para>
<para>As we do look to a future where we will experience more frequent and severe weather events, we will continue to recognise Black Saturday as a catalyst for change. It is a reminder of devastation, but it is also a reminder of the strength of community. It reminds us of neighbours helping neighbours, of towns rallying together and of the volunteers who drove into danger when others were fleeing. I once again thank our local SES, CFA and FRV crews who not only supported our community that day but continue to support us in the most difficult times and who deserve our deepest thanks. We honour all of those affected, not only with our words but with how we plan for the future.</para>
<para>Debate adjourned.</para>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Australia: Natural Disasters</title>
          <page.no>270</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>17:58</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms CHESTERS</name>
    <name.id>249710</name.id>
    <electorate>Bendigo</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I move:</para>
<quote><para class="block">That this House:</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(1) notes the significant natural disasters that have taken place during the summer of 2025-26, including major flooding in Queensland and fires across Victoria;</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(2) expresses its condolences to the Australians who have lost their lives during these events;</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(3) offers its sympathy to Australians who have lost property or livestock as a result of these events; and</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(4) thanks emergency service personnel and first responders for their work in keeping Australians safe.</para></quote>
<para>The motion that is before us acknowledges that it's been another tough summer for the Australian people. Whether it be major flooding in Queensland's north or bushfires that have devastated parts of Victoria, it has been another summer of challenges. I rise today like many in this place to express condolences to the Australians who have lost their lives during this period and to offer sympathy to Australians who've lost property or livestock as a result of these events. I'd also like to thank the emergency services personnel and the first responders for their work in what they've done to help keep Australians safe.</para>
<para>It is very fitting, perhaps, that this motion comes after the previous motion, acknowledging the loss and the devastation of the Black Saturday event that devastated our home state of Victoria. I'd like to acknowledge the many speakers that spoke on that motion and the stories that they shared with this chamber. Their legacy was learnt. Their loss was not in vain. Victoria, like all other states, has changed how it responds to days of catastrophic fire. As other journalists and writers and speakers have commented, their legacy does lie in how many lives we saved this 9 January. In Victoria, 9 January was the first day since Black Saturday that a catastrophic fire day had been declared for Victoria. The conditions were the same. I am pleased to stand here to say that people in my electorate, like across Victoria, heard the message and got out. Kinders were closed. Council services were suspended. people stayed at home as directed. People did what was required. Some people grabbed their go box, ready to go just in case.</para>
<para>As I stand here today, even when we did everything right, we still lost a significant number of homes, land and livestock in the state of Victoria. Over 400 homes and countless properties were lost—small businesses, livestock. The damage was immense. In my own electorate, the town that was devastated that we've heard most about was Harcourt, impacted by the Ravenswood South Harcourt fire. The fire started quickly and, before we knew it, it was in the town of Harcourt, a small town of about a thousand people. It jumped the Calder within half an hour.</para>
<para>As a legacy of Black Saturday, not just the CFA but all the other emergency services were deployed quickly and got there as quickly as they could. The coordination efforts on the day and after need to be recognised. It was the CFA, the SES, Vicpol, Forest Fire Management Victoria and also the FRV. How they worked together needs to be acknowledged through the incident control centre. The stories from the day are harrowing not only in the way in which some people just got out but in how people worked together. People can remember the names of the trucks that rolled in to help them to defend their homes, and people listened to their CFA when they said, 'We've got this, it's time for you to go.'</para>
<para>Now that the fire has passed and people are starting to recover, the Albanese and Allen governments are there with support and the support will continue. To just quickly outline some of the funding and support that has flowed into Victoria as a result of the Commonwealth state disaster recovery funding arrangements: over $15 million towards establishing community recovery offices and recovery hubs; $16 million in financial assistance for prolonged power outages; $40 million for primary producer grants; $10 million for concessional loans; $11 million for council support; $122 million for a state-coordinated clean up program; $1.7 million for case support work for business; $500,000 for the reconstruction of the Harcourt cool stores in my electorate; and the list goes on.</para>
<para>The Albanese government will continue to stand with communities through this recovery, and it's a reminder every summer that another one of us will be standing in this place to move a similar motion. Our government will continue to stand with those members and with the people affected.</para>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">The DEPUTY SPEAKER</name>
    <name.id>282335</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>I thank the member. Is the motion seconded?</para>
</interjection>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">Mr Matt Smith</name>
    <name.id>312393</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>I second the motion and reserve my right to speak.</para>
</interjection>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>18:03</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr KATTER</name>
    <name.id>HX4</name.id>
    <electorate>Kennedy</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>When we talk about catastrophes, there's a terrible story concerning a family. Like my own family, they were original settlers in north-west Queensland. A TV crew from the ABC had come out with me to visit this person. His entire property had been burnt out and he was loading a 243 rifle—bolt action. The interviewer said, 'What's the situation?' He said: 'Well, you know what happened to my father and the two stockmen.' The interviewer said, 'Yes, I know that story.' One of the stockmen got tangled up in the barbed wire fence, and his father and the other stockman went back to rescue him. The fire rolled over all three and incinerated them to death. Anyway, this was the son of that father, and he was loading his rifle. The interviewer said, 'So what are you doing now?' He said: 'Well, I've lost all my sheep. I'm gone. The banks have sold me up. I'll walk off this property penniless.' The journalist said, 'So what are you doing now?' He rubbed his eyes and said, 'I've just got to shoot some more sheep.' As the sun went down—bang, bang.</para>
<para>That is what it's like to live in the mid-west of North Queensland, and I think Victoria, with your fires, probably appreciates our situation. But we also have terrible floods, and we're in the midst of one now.</para>
<para class="italic"><inline font-style="italic">A division having been called in the House of Representatives—</inline></para>
<para>Sitting suspended from 18:05 to 18:25</para>
<continue>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">Mr KATTER</name>
    <name.id>HX4</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>I was telling the story of a man at Julia Creek, watching four generations of contribution by his family vanishing in front of him, which was somewhat better than his father being incinerated to death along with his brother and one of the stockmen on the station. Having said that, we've just had yet another flood, and a very prominent, wonderful young family, with four or five kids, just watched 3,000 head of cattle worth about $6 million flow out to the Gulf of Carpentaria. I don't know whether they're going to be able to recover from that, and they weren't Robinson Crusoe.</para>
<para>We keep saying: 'Oh, this is terrible. The government must give us some money because we've had this terrible thing happen to us.' It is dead right that we really do need the government to come in, but what would be infinitely better? I can't talk about fires in Victoria, but I can talk about floods in the mid-west of North Queensland, my homeland. My family went out there in the 1890s in a Cobb and Co stagecoach, so I can speak with authority about there. With a few well placed dams and a few other ameliorative measures, we just won't have to suffer this. Why haven't you built a dam in Australia in 30 years?</para>
<para>I represent half of every drop of rainfall that falls on Australia, and I will have the invidious fate of having to leave politics—even if it's in six years time or ten years time—without having seen a single gully with a block of concrete across it. You could say, 'Well, you're a pretty incompetent beggar.' You could say that, except that I was told by my tribal leadership in the mid-west of North Queensland that I had to get the Bradfield Scheme. I had to find out what it was. It took me about two months to find out what it was. Well, I got it! The federal government announced the building of the Bradfield Scheme. It's sort of like the Snowy Mountains Scheme, only bigger and much more effective. The Clarence River diversion would double the original project on the Murray-Darling. It'll double that production. Similarly, the Bradfield Scheme will double that production again.</para>
<para>It diverts a little tiny bit of the waters where it rains all the time. In the heart of my electorate, we're getting 100 inches of rainfall. A little tiny bit of that water is sent out to where I come from, the mid-west plains, where there is beautiful, rich, flat, rolling black soil. Now when we die and we go up to meet Jesus, he's going to say: 'What did you do with this wonderful asset I gave you? You're growing prickly trees on it—</para>
</continue>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">The DEPUTY SPEAKER</name>
    <name.id>282335</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>Order! The question is that the motion be agreed to, and I give the call to the member for Leichhardt.</para>
</interjection>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>18:28</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr MATT SMITH</name>
    <name.id>312393</name.id>
    <electorate>Leichhardt</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>This summer across Australia we've seen bushfires, flooding, severe storms and cyclones. In my home state of Queensland, it is the usual story of storms, flooding and cyclones. Yet sometimes it can feel a world away. You see it for a 90-second grab on TV, a couple of minutes here, a couple of minutes there. You spare a thought to remember, but these are people's lives and their livelihoods. Homes are gone, not as quickly as in a fire with a flood, but then, a couple of weeks later, the mould will show up. You might have had it structurally okay, but you're going to have to demolish it anyway. Livestock are gone, as the member for Kennedy referenced. Farmers love their livestock. They love their land. To see them go is not just an economic impact. It's heartbreaking. They know those cows. They know those sheep. They love them. They've cared for them. Communities are torn apart. The ongoing impacts, the mental toll, young kids trying to go to school, trying to navigate their way through their ATAR, through year 11, through year 12, not sure what their home looks like any more, not sure where they're going to be living in the next couple of weeks, people hurt, people killed, businesses gone—we've already seen this year lives lost to natural disasters.</para>
<para>When we talk about the loss and the damage, I want to make sure that on record I give my thanks to our emergency service personnel, who are on the front line. These are the people who walk towards the danger when everyone else is trying to leave. They put their lives on the line. They help people when pain and loss are at their most raw. Sometimes they're out responding and helping others when they're losing their own homes, yet they do that for our community. These people are heroes. They're Australian heroes. I know that, in the most recent disasters in Queensland, a lot of which impacted the member for Kennedy's region, people from my electorate headed to the disasters to help. That's Australia and that's Australians. You don't have to ask for the help; it just arrives. It's who we are. We understand that, at times, this great country that we call home fights against us, but we always push back together.</para>
<para>Disasters are nothing new for Queensland. We face nearly every kind of natural disaster imaginable. What is new is how bad these things are starting to get. We're getting more extreme weather and stronger events. When I grew up, it was called summer. It invoked ideas of the beach and fun with my friends. These days we call it disaster season, and it's putting more people and more places at more risk of these disasters coming.</para>
<para>To be clear, this isn't a complaint. We are Queensland. We are the north. We take these sorts of things head on. We square our shoulders, and there is nothing more Far North Queensland than stocking up on beer ahead of a cyclone, battening down the hatches and sheltering, knowing that you've got your bathtub full of water and that Ergon do a great job of getting the power back on. But that's not what we should have to do. And these disasters are having an impact on the future of our regions. These disasters are expensive. Research from the Insurance Council of Australia suggests extreme weather events, including floods, storms, bushfires and earthquakes cost around $4.5 billion annually. This is money out of Australian pockets, money taken from communities.</para>
<para>But I do want to give credit to governments of all stripes, because we know they will step up and provide support for communities when it's needed. This is not a blue thing or a red thing or an independent thing. I think we all agree that responding to a natural disaster is not and should never be a political exercise. It is a human one, and we continue to face these disasters, but we need to figure out how better to prepare for them. There's only so much preparation you can do, but there are things that we can do, things that we're implementing right now: making sure our emergency services are resourced, that the brave men and women who often are out there working while their own infrastructure, lives and homes are at risk, have the support and the equipment that they need; proactive bushfire management down south; making sure our weather data is as accurate as possible to give communities warning about coming danger; and ensuring that our flood mapping is up to date, limiting building on floodplains and making sure we understand where the water is going to come from and where the water is going to go.</para>
<para>We can all be prepared for these disasters. We can do it individually and we can do it as a country. Every year, I am relieved and given a sense of new wonder at Australians as we respond to these together.</para>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>18:34</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Dr SCAMPS</name>
    <name.id>299623</name.id>
    <electorate>Mackellar</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>Well, it has been a dreadful start to the year when it comes to natural disasters in Australia. Over the summer, large parts of our country have been hit by destructive storms, floods, fires and deadly heatwaves. It underscores the fact that Australia is at the forefront front of climate change harms. In Ceduna, South Australia, the temperature reached a record 49.5 degrees on 26 January, and across south-eastern Australia communities endured temperatures above 40 degrees for seven or eight days straight. These are not isolated spikes but part of a pattern of longer, more extreme and more frequent heatwaves. Intense heatwaves like these are now five times more likely to occur, because of human-induced climate change. What we once considered an extraordinary heat event is now something a primary school student today will likely experience several times before they finish high school.</para>
<para>Also, last month, cyclone related intense rainfall led to flash-flooding in Queensland, destroying homes, livelihoods and livestock. Then, along Victoria's Great Ocean Road, communities saw their roads turn into swollen rivers in a matter of hours. People watched in horror as cars and caravans were swept away and familiar landscapes were torn apart. One week, the region had emergency evacuation orders, due to bushfires, then, a week later, they had them again, due to this flooding. This summer, Victoria also was seared by some of the most destructive bushfires in its history. A cattle farmer lost his life, and 900 structures were destroyed, including 338 homes. More than 15,000 livestock were lost.</para>
<para>My thoughts are with the families who have lost loved ones and those who have lost homes, livelihoods and a sense of security. These events are deep personal tragedies that will be felt for years to come.</para>
<para>My own community of Mackellar is also at the forefront of climate change impacts. Recent severe rain events have been destructive and alarming. On 17 January this year, torrential rain struck our region, causing flooding in Narrabeen, Newport and Mackerel Beach. Two hundred and sixty-four millimetres of rain was recorded at Great Mackerel Beach, causing a landslide, impacting three homes, and sending a river of mud and trees smashing into the kitchen and living room of Mick and Sharon's home. It was only by sheer luck and quick thinking that they, thankfully, both avoided serious injury.</para>
<para>As a coastal seat, Mackellar has also been badly affected by sea-level rise and coastal erosion over the years. Again at Mackerel Beach, safe access for around 20 households is cut off daily at mid and high tide, due to coastal erosion. Residents must scramble over rocks and through waves to access their homes. In June 2016, a severe storm caused massive coastal erosion at Collaroy Beach, destroying several properties and causing an in-ground pool to collapse into the ocean.</para>
<para>I want to acknowledge and sincerely thank our emergency services personnel and first responders, the local RFS and SES volunteers, and fire and rescue services, who once again stepped up under extraordinary pressure. They are being asked to respond more often, in more dangerous conditions, and with less margin for error. But this burden cannot just fall on them, and it cannot continue to fall on affected communities. Governments and this parliament must step up. Natural disasters and extreme weather events in Australia are being exacerbated by climate change from the burning of coal, oil and gas. While communities across Australia are paying the price with their health, their homes and their livelihoods, first responders are often made to put their own lives at risk and deal with the aftermath.</para>
<para>There are different ways to make polluters pay for the damage their emissions are causing. One option is a climate disaster levy, which would require fossil fuel producers to contribute to the growing costs of disaster response, recovery and resilience. Another is outlined in a recent report from the Superpower Institute, which shows that a 'polluter pays levy' would raise significant public revenue, reduce emissions and help fund both household relief and Australia's transition to a cleaner, more prosperous economy. The impacts and costs to Australian households and businesses will keep rising, as fires, floods, drought and heatwaves become more extreme as a result of climate change, unless we also stop new coal and gas projects. It's time we made polluters pay.</para>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>18:39</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms COMER</name>
    <name.id>316551</name.id>
    <electorate>Petrie</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>This motion rightly acknowledges the scale and seriousness of the natural disasters that Australians have endured over the summer of 2025 and 2026, and today we pause to reflect and recognise the loss, the hardship and the extraordinary efforts of those responding on the ground. Australians have had a tough summer. Queenslanders have been hit with major flooding and Victorians with fire. Across our country we are witnessing the impacts of extreme weather. In Victoria communities have faced devastating bushfires, with more than 400 homes lost and a loss of around 20,000 sheep. Families have lost not just their houses but memories, livelihoods and a sense of safety. In Queensland communities have been hit with extraordinary amounts of rainfall, particularly across the north and the north-west. The full scale of the damage is still emerging, but we already know the losses are significant, with stock losses of around 50,000.</para>
<para>These events underline just how exposed many communities are to severe weather events. For primary producers, small-business owners and households, the loss of homes, stock, equipment and income is not only financially devastating but emotionally exhausting. Many Australians have lost property or livestock as a result of these disasters. We express our deepest sympathies to the Australians who have lost their incomes, their homes or their lives during these events.</para>
<para>The Albanese Labor government has been working closely with the Queensland government to activate disaster assistance across 46 local government areas. More than $66 million has already been announced through the joint Commonwealth and state disaster recovery funding arrangements. This funding will support communities, farmers and businesses. This includes primary producer grants, emergency fodder support, small-business recovery grants, mental health and wellbeing programs and critical infrastructure repairs. Personal hardship assistance and disaster recovery allowance payments are helping families meet immediate needs while they begin the long task of rebuilding.</para>
<para>In Victoria nearly $330 million has now been committed under joint Commonwealth and state arrangements to support recovery from the January bushfires. Assistance includes clean-up programs, emergency accommodation, mental health services, primary producer grants, concessional loans and restoration. These measures are about more than dollars; they are about dignity, stability and giving communities the tools they need to recover. I want to thank the emergency service personnel and first responders for their work in keeping Australians safe—firefighters, SES volunteers, police, paramedics, defence personnel and the community volunteers that have worked tirelessly in extreme heat and dangerous conditions to protect lives and property.</para>
<para>We all share a responsibility to prepare for, respond to and recover from disasters in a changing climate, and the frequency and ferocity of these events is set to increase. As such, the Albanese government has made preparedness the national priority through the establishment of NEMA, the $1 billion Disaster Ready Fund, increased investment in aerial firefighting, upgraded flood-warning systems and the creation of a national emergency stockpile. In Queensland alone hundreds of millions of dollars are being invested to reduce risk and strengthen resilience, particularly in North Queensland. We are committed to supporting communities before disaster strikes, standing with them during the crisis and walking alongside them through the recovery.</para>
<para>The high-risk weather period is not over yet. I want to encourage everyone in our community to stay informed and be ready to act if conditions change. What matters most right now is that we are prepared, informed and connected. Make sure you're getting your information from trusted sources. Download emergency warning apps, tune in to ABC Emergency or your local radio station and follow emergency service channels online. It's important to have access to critical, real-time information when it matters most. I encourage everyone to take just 15 minutes to make or update a household emergency recovery plan. Know what you'll do, where you'll go and how you'll stay in touch if you need to leave quickly. Don't forget to include your pets, important documents, medications and an emergency kit with the essentials.</para>
<para>Finally, please look out for one another, just as our community already does. Emergencies don't affect everyone in the same way, and a simple check-in with a neighbour, especially someone who may need the extra support, can really make a difference. Strong, connected communities are safer during emergencies and recover faster afterwards. Taking a few small steps now can help protect lives, reduce stress and keep our community safe when the next weather event arrives.</para>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>18:44</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms LE</name>
    <name.id>295676</name.id>
    <electorate>Fowler</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I rise today to pay tribute to the families and communities who've had their lives devastated by recent floods in Queensland and fires in Victoria. When natural disasters hit, there's very little any of us can do to control what happens. For the families affected, I know that words we speak in this House can't offer assurances that life will simply return to normal. These events leave a lasting impact. Many people are still standing in what's left of their homes, looking over their paddocks, where livestock has been lost, or wondering what the next step looks like. For those who've lost loved ones, no words can ease the pain. We can't take away your grief, but we can—and we must—make sure your loss is met with real care, real support and a genuine commitment to recovery.</para>
<para>This motion rightly acknowledges the extraordinary contribution of our emergency services personnel, as we've heard already from many members in the House tonight. I want to shine a light on my local SES unit in Fowler, where there are more than 90 active volunteers. They are our neighbours who have given up family time in the middle of the night or stepped away from their workplaces and put their own lives on hold and at risk to help others when it matters most. Under the leadership of Inspector Darren Eurlings, the Fairfield SES unit had an extraordinary year. Their work shows exactly why this motion matters.</para>
<para>In March last year, Fairfield SES volunteers were on the ground in Tweed Heads during Tropical Cyclone Alfred, carrying out flood rescues and damage assessments. In April and May, they moved from riverine flooding in Wanaaring to storm-hit communities across the Hunter region and Taree. In August, they were again deployed to northern New South Wales—Gunnedah, Narrabri and Wee Waa—ready for in-water rescues. Closer to home, they responded to more than 340 incidents across the Fairfield local government area. These weren't minor callouts. Many were urgent situations where lives were on the line. I remember constituents reaching out to me during one of the major storms when a huge tree had uprooted and they didn't know what to do. So I called our local SES, who quickly turned up to remove the tree safely, making sure the family was out of danger.</para>
<para>What really defines Fairfield SES, though, isn't just the scale of what they do; it's the length of service and commitment of the people who make it work. Nathan Lin, a local high schoolteacher, joined the unit back in June 2003 and has given more than 22 years of continuous service. David Ton first joined in August 1999, served for 15 years, stepped away to raise his young family and then returned seven years ago. Altogether, he's given more than 21 years of service. Jenny To joined in February 2008 and now serves as a trainer and assessor. For 18 years, she's helped prepare others for the front line. She's joined by Frank Seraglio, also with 18 years of continuous service, and Ross Weller, who joined in March 2010 and has given more than 15 years of steady, reliable service.</para>
<para>Together, these volunteers represent decades of experience, local knowledge and quiet leadership. They are the backbone of Fairfield SES—passing skills on, setting standards and showing what service really looks like. The Fairfield SES is also a model for the nation when it comes to diversity. In one of the most multicultural areas in the country, communication can be lifesaving. Between them, volunteers speak more than 10 languages, helping people feel understood and supported in moments of real fear.</para>
<para>We can't stop the rain from falling or the fires from starting, but we can make sure that, when disaster strikes, no Australian is left to face it alone. The Fairfield SES unit represents the very best of our country—resilience, service and compassion in action. I join the member for Bendigo in thanking every first responder who has worked through this difficult summer, and I especially commend the men and women of the Fairfield SES for everything they do for our community and our nation. I commend the motion to the House.</para>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">The DEPUTY SPEAKER</name>
    <name.id>282335</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>The time allotted for this debate has expired. The debate is interrupted.</para>
</interjection>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Energy</title>
          <page.no>274</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>18:48</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr TEHAN</name>
    <name.id>210911</name.id>
    <electorate>Wannon</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I move:</para>
<quote><para class="block">That this House notes that:</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(1) the Government's energy policies have seen a record number of Australians having an energy debt and facing a 24 per cent increase in their electricity bills in the next six months;</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(2) Australians were promised a $275 cut to their power bills by last Christmas and $378 lower by 2030;</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(3) Australians, instead, are paying up to $1,300 more;</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(4) electricity costs rose by 21.5 per cent in the 12 months to December 2025; and</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(5) instead of lower energy costs, as promised by the Government, Australians are now paying more due to the policies of the Government.</para></quote>
<para>For the benefit of the House, I'm going to read parts of the motion out because I think it's very important that this is noted. It says:</para>
<quote><para class="block">(1) the Government's energy policies have seen a record number of Australians having an energy debt and facing a 24 per cent increase in their electricity bills in the next six months …</para></quote>
<para>It notes that:</para>
<quote><para class="block">(2) Australians were promised a $275 cut to their power bills by last Christmas and $378 lower by 2030 …</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(3) Australians, instead, are paying up to $1,300 more;</para></quote>
<para>I'm going to repeat that: it's $1,300 more. It says:</para>
<quote><para class="block">(3) electricity costs rose by 21.5 per cent in the 12 months to December 2025; and</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(5) instead of lower energy costs, as promised by the Government, Australians are now paying more due to the policies of the Government.</para></quote>
<para>What Chris Bowen, the energy minister, is doing to electricity prices in this country is nothing short of a disgrace. And he won't be up-front with the Australian people, he won't be honest with the Australian people about what is happening. We see it in the parliament day after day after day. He's asked: 'What is happening to retail prices in this country? Are you going to be able to deliver your $275 reduction in power bills as you promised to do?' And he will not even answer the question. He will never, ever answer the question. He goes on about wholesale prices. He says, 'Wholesale prices are doing this.' He goes on about batteries. He says, 'Batteries are doing this.' But he will not address the retail cost of electricity at the household level, where mums and dads are sitting around the kitchen table asking, 'How the hell am I going to pay this bill?' and pensioners are sitting around the kitchen table asking, 'How the hell am I going to pay this power bill?'</para>
<para>I challenge anyone on the Labor side who's going to speak on this motion—and there'll be two of them—to just mention the phrase '$275' and be up-front in saying: 'That was a promise we never were going to keep. We were deceitful to the Australian people. We never should have done it, and we apologise.' That would be doing the right and honourable thing. Yet I'm sure what we'll get is excuse after excuse, and we'll get example after example of everything and anything except addressing the issue about what is happening to retail electricity prices in this nation.</para>
<para>Let me give you a sense of how bad things are. We've just had inflation start to peak again, and, as a result, interest rates have started to go up—the 13th interest rate increase under this government. A lot of it is driven by what is happening to electricity prices. And we're likely to see two more interest rate increases, at least, over the next six months. That's because, when it comes to electricity prices, we're going to see, in the 12 months to 30 June this year, a 24 per cent increase in electricity prices. That's what's being forecast. And we've already had a 40 per cent increase in electricity prices since the Albanese Labor government came to office.</para>
<para>Why? Surely, Minister Bowen, you have to stop, think and say: 'We're heading in the wrong direction. We're not addressing affordability. We're not even addressing emissions reduction. We're failing on all fronts.' At the moment, electricity prices are going up. Emissions are flatlining. Electricity prices are putting pressure on inflation, which is driving interest rates up. We all know that energy is the economy. Yet Minister Bowen doesn't seem to get it. I say this to Minister Bowen and to those opposite: You can't be a part-time minister when electricity prices are going through the roof. You've got to focus 100 per cent on your day job. So you shouldn't be running around the world racking up telephone bills which are eye watering—over $60,000. Meanwhile, Australians are facing a $1,200 to $1,300 increase in their electricity bills. That's why this motion is so important, and it's why Minister Bowen should listen to it.</para>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">The DEPUTY SPEAKER</name>
    <name.id>282335</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>Does the motion have a seconder?</para>
</interjection>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">Mr Small</name>
    <name.id>291406</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>I second the motion and reserve my right to speak.</para>
</interjection>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>18:53</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms KARA COOK</name>
    <name.id>316537</name.id>
    <electorate>Bonner</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>When I talk with Bonner families at mobile offices, at community events, at schools and while doorknocking, the issue raised with me as the most pressing is the cost of living. We know that electricity prices are just one expense families face when trying to make ends meet. That is why the Albanese Labor government is helping families with real, practical cost-of-living relief. This includes electricity prices. Through the Cheaper Home Batteries Program, Bonner families are taking advantage of solar to reduce their electricity bills; 1,609 batteries have been installed throughout Bonner—and counting. The program is such a success that, since July 2025, Australians have installed more than 200,000 Cheaper Home Batteries. For Bonner families and small businesses, this has brought down the cost of installing a solar connected battery by 30 per cent. This is practical, affordable, clean energy being generated in our community right now. By 2030, it is expected that the program will support more than two million Australians to install a battery, thanks to the boost in funding of $7.2 billion. This will make it possible for more Australians to take advantage of the solar they already have. It could save families $1,000 each and every year. Locals have been telling me they wouldn't have installed a battery but for the Cheaper Home Batteries Program making it affordable for them.</para>
<para>Just over the weekend, I was chatting with a local family in Cannon Hill, who told me that they're installing both solar and battery this week. They said our incentives just made sense. They would not have installed the battery if it wasn't for the Cheaper Home Batteries Program. Now with over four million solar installations, Australia has more rooftop solar capacity than the entire fleet of remaining coal fired power stations across the country. There are now more Australian households with solar than swimming pools. This means that the energy market, particularly in the sunshine state of Queensland, often has more electricity in the middle of the day than we currently use. This is where the solar sharer scheme comes in. It is another piece of the puzzle towards cheaper energy by encouraging consumers to use the power when it's abundant, taking pressure off the grid that will be saving Australians even more. From July, Bonner residents who sign up to the new solar sharer offer through their energy retailer will be able to ensure that they are running appliances, air conditioners, swimming pool cleaners, charging electric vehicles and using their home batteries during the middle of the day for free.</para>
<para>Australians voted for cheaper, cleaner energy and the Albanese Labor government is delivering. Since coming to office, we've cut emissions to 29 per cent below 2005 levels and added over 18 gigawatts of renewable energy, enough to power six million homes and delivered $12.7 billion in clean energy investment in recent years. A record number of renewable energy projects got the green light last year. In March 2025, the Clean Energy Council said:</para>
<para>The more renewables in the system, the less we need to depend on unreliable coal fired power and gas over time, which will provide much needed cost relief on bills.</para>
<para>Renewables are pulling their weight for our national electricity make up and reducing the wholesale price of electricity. Those opposite promised a wholesale energy price of $70 a megawatt an hour when they were in government. What was it when they left office? It was $280 and Australians have been feeling that pain. They have been feeling the pain of a decade of neglect from the coalition. Then those opposite come here today and pretend it wasn't their fault.</para>
<para>The Albanese Labor government is acting. We're preventing retailers from raising prices more than once a year. We're preventing customers from being charged more than the standing offer price if their initial low cost offer changes or expires. We're also banning excessive retailer charges for late payments and for retail contracts, and ensuring that all customers are entitled to a fee-free payment method.</para>
<para>Through programs like the Cheaper Home Batteries Program, solar sharer, Bonner families from Hemmant to Holland Park, Carindale to Chandler can harness the power of the sun and save on their electricity bills. Our government, the Albanese Labor government is continuing to deliver cost of living relief for all Australians today and every day.</para>
<para>As the member for Bonner there was seeking to reassure the chamber that the Minister for Climate Change, Chris Bowen, has it all under control, she only needed to lean on the dispatch box the way he does when she talked about two million Australians having a so-called cheaper home battery, neglecting to mention somehow that the cost of that program has gone from $2.3 billion to more than $7 billion in borrowed money at the same time that the number of Australians in energy debt has risen to some 336,615 households—336,000 Australian households who cannot afford their power bills today.</para>
<para>How did we get here? We got here because the Albanese government promised, no fewer than 97 times, to lower power bills in Australia by $275. Lots of numbers and statistics here tonight from those opposite. Not one mention of $275, because that was the promise that mattered to Australians. But rather than their power bills coming down under this government, we've seen them go up by 24 per cent in the last year alone. That's the real cost that matters to Australians. It's what they get in their bill, not the wholesale cost that Chris Bowen likes to talk about. The fact is that Australians are paying $1,300 a year more for their power bills than the $275 cut they were promised by this government.</para>
<para>And let's not forget the promise came from the Prime Minister himself. When challenged by a journalist the very first time that the Labor Party announced this commitment to the Australian people, Mr Albanese replied: 'I don't think, I know. I know because we've done the modelling.' Well, that modelling has been thoroughly discredited by the fact that the power prices are through the roof. And for all of the talk, for all of the numbers and statistics that we hear from those opposite, we do not hear an apology for a core broken promise, and we do not hear a plan to lower power bills for Australians. That's why some 336,000 Australian households right now can't afford their power bills, let alone stumping up for one of these so-called cheaper home batteries.</para>
<para>There is no relief for those Aussies out there who are renting, who are locked out of the property market because the Albanese government has overseen an absolute explosion in migration at a time that housing construction has been limited in Australia. There is no benefit in a battery program that has blown out from $2.3 billion to more than $7 billion already, and the way that Minister Bowen keeps fiddling with the pieces of the puzzle, as we're told, should actually cause Australians to lose sleep at night because that guarantees more billions of taxpayer dollars shovelled out the door for higher prices for those Australians left to carry the cost. It is unthinkable that we can continue to do the same thing and expect a different result to what we've seen, and yet that's the plan from our energy minister here in Australia.</para>
<para>The problem is that energy is everywhere in our economy. It's not just a household issue, but rather one that impacts our businesses as well, like those small and family-owned businesses—cafes, the corner store and the like. You walk into a cafe that is air-conditioned. That costs money. The lights cost money. The heating elements in the coffee machine cost money. You're paying for that higher power price everywhere you go.</para>
<para>Importantly, manufacturing businesses, who are huge users of energy in Australia, are the ones doing it perhaps hardest of all. The answer from this government is that you might be able to get a cheaper home battery for your small manufacturing business. In my part of the world, where we've got alumina refineries that are some of the biggest energy consumers in Western Australia, no cheaper home battery is going to offset the explosion in power prices that we've seen in recent years.</para>
<para>I note the crowing from those opposite about the reduction in emissions, completely neglecting the fact that emissions were down 26 per cent from 2005 levels by the time we left office in 2022. So for all of the billions of dollars that have been shovelled out the door in the last couple of years, we've seen emissions tick down, and that exposes the absolute hypocrisy of this government's energy program.</para>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>19:03</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Ms BYRNES</name>
    <name.id>299145</name.id>
    <electorate>Cunningham</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>Renewables are the cheapest form of power, and we simply will not bring down electricity prices without transitioning to a renewable energy future. Only a Labor government will achieve this, and it is already underway. Since we came to government we have approved 123 renewable energy projects, enough to power more than five million households, and potentially reducing emissions by more than 30 million tonnes of carbon dioxide annually. That's the same as taking nine million cars off the road. For the first time, renewables supplied more electricity across Australia than coal-fired power generation, and the wholesale electricity price in the national electricity market has fallen by 14 per cent. This is not an accident. It is the result of a government with a defined purpose and a plan to achieve it.</para>
<para>One of the many programs supporting communities to lower emissions and power bills is the Cheaper Home Batteries Program. My community in the Illawarra has proven that we want to drive this energy transition and has enthusiastically embraced this program. As of 18 January, my electorate of Cunningham now has 1,568 new small-scale batteries, which will provide 36,595 kilowatt-hours of capacity. I wanted to share some stories from local people about the difference that it's making to their lives and to their back pockets.</para>
<para>Karen from Corrimal says: 'I took advantage of the Labor government's Cheaper Home Batteries Program and added a battery to our existing solar panels. I'm enjoying not paying for electricity and having my bill in credit as a result of feeding back into the grid.' However, for Karen, the best thing was when the Australian Energy Market Operator announced that the renewables share in the last quarter rose above 50 per cent. She said, 'I was proud to contribute to that, albeit in a very small way.'</para>
<para>Louis from the George Cross Falcons Community Centre in Cringila, said: 'Two years ago our association, under a federal program, received funding for the installation of solar panels. Last October, we ordered a 40 kilowatt battery subsidised by the Labor government. The first bill for 92 days was $117, noting that there were a few weeks of rain during the billing period.' The club applauds this government for the subsidised battery, otherwise their association would not have been able to afford it.</para>
<para>Luke, a vet from Fairy Meadow, said: 'I started a new veterinary hospital in April 2025 in Fairy Meadow and had solar panels installed before we opened. This meant our bills were $350 per month instead of being two to three times more than that. We had a large battery installed under the scheme in September, and now our bills are less than $100 per month. Even more important for us is that we could still operate normally when we had two blackouts, as the battery took over. Normally a blackout means it's hard to see our patients, which costs the business but, more importantly, makes it hard to treat our patients when they need it.' Luke said the battery has been so successful that he's gotten one at home now as well.</para>
<para>Brendan from Figtree said: 'In September I installed a 49 kilowatt battery to complement our existing large solar system, and we joined a VPP. Both through the rebate and the market competition it has created, I saved nearly $18,000 on the installation. Our last quarterly bill before the battery was $900 and our first with the battery was a $600 refund.' That saved them $1,500 over the quarter. He said, 'Having the battery has future proofed our home and kept the lights on during several recent blackouts.'</para>
<para>Then there's David from Woonona, who said: 'I took advantage of the Albanese government's Cheaper Home Batteries scheme in July and I haven't paid for electricity since. I'm happy to be feeding electricity back to the grid using a VPP and am grateful for the Minns government's support as well. Thanks to both policies, I can make a difference to the environment.'</para>
<para>Then we have Thomas from Berkeley, who said: 'I used the program to install solar and batteries for the first time and was really impressed with both how much money I have saved and how much excess energy I have contributed to my local VPP. With the tools they give you it's possible to see not only how much money you're saving but also how much carbon you are not contributing to the environment. I have saved money and reduced my impact on the environment, all thanks to the Albanese government.'</para>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">The DEPUTY SPEAKER</name>
    <name.id>299150</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>The time allotted for this debate has expired. The debate is adjourned and the resumption of the debate will be made in order of the day for the next sitting.</para>
</interjection>
</speech>
</subdebate.1></debate>
    <debate><debateinfo>
        <title>PRIVATE MEMBERS' BUSINESS</title>
        <page.no>278</page.no>
        <type>PRIVATE MEMBERS' BUSINESS</type>
      </debateinfo><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Victoria: Bushfires</title>
          <page.no>278</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>19:09</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr BIRRELL</name>
    <name.id>288713</name.id>
    <electorate>Nicholls</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I move:</para>
<quote><para class="block">That this House:</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(1) acknowledges the:</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(a) devastating impact of the Victorian bushfire emergencies on regional communities;</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(b) tireless work of volunteer firefighters and emergency service personnel who put themselves in danger to keep the community safe; and</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(c) long-term recovery effort faced by the impacted areas to get back on their feet;</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(2) notes that the:</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(a) Victorian State Government is failing to properly manage public land by inadequately carrying out fuel load reducing planned burns which mitigate the bushfire risk;</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(b) Victorian State Government has not learned the lessons from previous bushfires and is failing to keep people safe; and</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(c) shutdown of the sustainable native hardwood timber industry in Victoria has limited the capacity to fight bushfires in the state; and</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(3) urges the Commonwealth Government to:</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(a) support those who have lost their homes and livelihoods;</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(b) recognise the need to mitigate the bushfire risk to regional communities through planned burns;</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(c) ensure Australia has the sovereign capability to fight bushfires; and</para></quote>
<quote><para class="block">(d) co-ordinate a national response to bushfire emergencies when they occur.</para></quote>
<para>Last month in my electorate, but also, predominantly, in the electorate of the member for Indi, catastrophic bushfires tore through communities, farmland and bushland. In the area of Longwood, which is a small town and a very proud community situated just off the Hume Freeway, the main road between Melbourne and Sydney, a fire started, and the north-westerly winds pushed it into the bushland and farmland. Over 140,000 hectares were burnt, including the communities of Ruffy and Gooram. The Yarroweyah fires also happened on a similar day, in the same heat event, in the north of Victoria. Yarroweyah is just south of the Murray River. Again, strong winds and hot temperatures pushed this bushfire catastrophe along the roadside, destroying some 10 to 12 houses.</para>
<para>When you go out and have a look at the situation after the fire has gone through, you can notice one thing very clearly, and that is that, however the fire started—and there's a lot of speculation that it was sparks coming from vehicles on the road—it followed the path of the fuel load on the side of the road. This fuel load appears to locals not to have been managed in the way it should have been. You can see, particularly on the Benalla-Tocumwal Road, that as that wind from the north pushed it to the south the roadside fuel load and vegetation was the conduit for the fire and pushed it. It would go towards any dry paddock and, tragically, destroyed 10 to 12 houses.</para>
<para>The CFA recommend that, for catastrophic fire events, the roadside vegetation, dry grass, should not be higher than 10 centimetres. The CFA volunteers have observed that it was higher than 10 centimetres. It's very important that we learn from this and that, particularly, the Victorian government understands it has a responsibility to manage that roadside fuel load. Now, we don't know whether it would have stopped this fire completely, but among those in the know the CFA volunteer group's Brad Marson has said that this makes the situation hazardous and fires a lot harder to suppress.</para>
<para>A lot of damage has been done, particularly in the shire of Strathbogie, which is where Longwood and the towns of Euroa and Ruffy and a number of other places are. It's critically important that the federal government come to the party and help this community and this shire, which has a very low rate base, rebuild its roads, bridges, culverts and community infrastructure, such as town halls and playgrounds, to give just some examples. The reason that this community is a bit desperate to try and get the Albanese government's attention on this is that they had a bridge that was damaged in the 2022 floods, called Kirwans Bridge. They have applied to every program they can think of to try and get that bridge funded. It'll take $7 million to get that bridge, which connects two communities, funded for the repair after the 2022 floods. At every point, the Albanese government has refused to fund it. So they're looking at a backlog of infrastructure funding from the previous disaster, and now they've had another disaster—the fires—and they're worried that the federal government is not interested.</para>
<para>On a more positive note, I do want to commend the CFA volunteers, who, with their bravery, courage and professionalism, went out and fought these fires and saved a great number of dwellings and a great amount of farmland from being destroyed. I also want to pay tribute to the member for Gippsland and my National Party state colleague Annabelle Cleeland, who is the member for Euroa. What she has done for her community in the aftermath of this fire, despite being personally affected herself, has been amazing and shows the community spirit and what a great local member could do. I also want to give a shout-out to the professionalism of Kestrel Aviation, which is located in Mangalore in my electorate. Their work with their helicopters put out many fires. I encourage the government to continue to fund those sorts of fire emergency services.</para>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">The DEPUTY SPEAKER</name>
    <name.id>299150</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>Do we have a seconder for the motion?</para>
</interjection>
</speech>
<speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>19:14</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr CHESTER</name>
    <name.id>IPZ</name.id>
    <electorate>Gippsland</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>In seconding the motion from the member for Nicholls, I commend him for bringing the House's attention to the terrible events that occurred in Victoria over the January period. Now, we do live in a very fire-prone environment in Victoria, and the conditions in the north-eastern and western parts of the state have been very dry. I want to commend the volunteers and the agencies involved in the suppression work and in the immediate relief and recovery efforts as well, and extend my condolences to those who have lost property in those fire events.</para>
<para>We need to be doing more to front-end our efforts around prevention, around mitigation and around resilience when it comes to managing bushfire in the environment. We do live in a fire-prone environment in Victoria, and the risk of out-of-control blazes and the damage they can do to properties, to lives and to native animals need to be properly understood. I invite those listening to think about the components of these catastrophic events. To have a fire of this magnitude, you obviously need some sort of ignition point, and there will always be ignition points. It could be a lightning strike, it could be an accident, it could be equipment failure or it could be some idiot with a match. You also need dry, windy conditions. And low and behold, in Victoria, in summer we will have days that are dry and windy. But you also need a fuel load and that is the essence of the motion before the House today—the question of fuel load and mitigation and prevention activities.</para>
<para>The only thing we can really control when it comes to bushfires is the temperature associated with the fuel load. If we manage the fuel load, we can just turn down the severity, turn down the temperature a bit so the damage to the environment, the damage to properties, the damage to people trying to fight these fires is minimised. We have to do more to reduce the fuel load, particularly on public land in Victoria. I've said it before that to do that you need more boots and fewer suits. That's more boots on the ground doing practical environmental work right throughout the year and fewer suits, fewer suits in Canberra and Melbourne making excuses for why the work can't be done.</para>
<para>So I encourage the Victorian government think very, very carefully about this simple proposition: more boots, fewer suits, and undertake the fuel reduction work to keep our communities safe because people and native animals die in poorly maintained forests. We've seen it before and we'll see it again because of the neglect of the bush.</para>
<para>One point in the motion by the member for Nicholls which is also worth reflecting on is that the shutdown of the sustainable native hardwood timber industry in Victoria has limited the capacity to fight bushfires in the state.</para>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">Mr Birrell</name>
    <name.id>288713</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>Hear Hear!</para>
</interjection>
<continue>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">Mr CHESTER</name>
    <name.id>IPZ</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>Bingo—bingo! The member for Nicholls is spot on, because these were the skilled workers in the bush with the equipment that we relied on to keep us safe. In an act of absolute political bastardry—ideology gone mad—the Labor-Greens in Victoria combined to shut down the native hardwood timber industry, and our communities are less safe as a direct result of that policy decision. So I call on the Victorian parliament—the Liberals and the Nationals, I wish you all the best in the lead-up to next election—if you get that opportunity, restore the native hardwood timber industry to help keep our communities safe.</para>
<para>Now, finally, I want to reflect just on one other point. I do admire locals who manage to maintain their passion and enthusiasm for practical environmental management, even in the face of all this hostility from the Labor-Greens in Melbourne. And one of those locals is a fellow by the name of John Mulligan. John is 94 and he's just launched his new book called <inline font-style="italic">Our Mismanaged Forest</inline><inline font-style="italic">s</inline><inline font-style="italic">,</inline> which draws on his decades of experience of living and working in the bush. Now, John is a survivor of the 1939 Black Friday bushfires. He's seen, right throughout East Gippsland, all the major fire events which have impacted our community over the nine decades of his life. In his book he highlights again the consequences of accumulated fuel loads and the lack of consistent fuel management and fuel reduction burns in our community, and also the importance of adopting some of the practices of the Indigenous people who were here for thousands of years, long before whitefellas turned up, and who were using firestick technology to actually reduce the fuel loads. So John Mulligan advocates for communities to learn to live with good fire in the environment as a means of reducing the risk of these mega-fires which do so much damage.</para>
<para>In closing, I thank the volunteers. I thank those who've done so much to help our community recover. But I call on the Victorian government to please do more to reduce the fuel load on public land in Victoria.</para>
</continue>
<interjection>
  <talker>
    <name role="metadata">The DEPUTY SPEAKER</name>
    <name.id>299150</name.id>
  </talker>
  <para>There being no further speakers, the debate is adjourned and the resumption of the debate will be made an order of the day for the next sitting.</para>
</interjection>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Australia Day Honours and Awards</title>
          <page.no>280</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>19:20</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr REBELLO</name>
    <name.id>316547</name.id>
    <electorate>McPherson</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>I rise to support the motion acknowledging the Australia Day awards and congratulate all recipients. The Order of Australia is our highest national honour, recognising Australians whose service has strengthened our nation and our communities. Australia Day is a moment to reflect on what binds us together as a nation and on the values that have shaped Australia into the country that we are proud to call home. It's a day to recognise that our success has never come from titles or status but from people who step up, lend a hand and serve others without expectation of reward. The Australia Day Honours and the Australia Day awards and medals bring those values to life. They remind us that service, compassion and commitment are not abstract ideas. They are lived every day by Australians in our communities. The people we honour reflect the very best of the Australian spirit, service over self, resilience in the face of challenge and a deep belief in giving back. These honours matter because they tell a broader story about who we are as Australians. They show that a fair go is something we give to one another and that unity is built through actions, not words. On Australia Day, when we celebrate our shared journey, these awards remind us of who we are when we are at our best and who we can be when we choose to look after one another. These awards celebrate service above self, often given quietly, consistently and over many years.</para>
<para>In McPherson we are proud to congratulate our 2026 honour recipients, each of whom is highly deserving. Together they represent the very best of the southern Gold Coast and our national character. In the Member of the Order of Australia Awards, I congratulate Mr Alan Finch AM for significant service to higher education through the design and implementation of models of governance, Mrs Lorraine Ledwell OAM for service to community health and to breast cancer awareness, Mr Robert Paterson OAM for his service to the community through his involvement in a wide variety of organisations, the late Mrs Joy Ransley-Smith OAM for service to ballet and to the performing arts and Mr Brian Stewart OAM for his service to lawn bowls, who I recently had the pleasure of meeting. In the meritorious awards, Ms Nicole Lockie received the Emergency Services Medal.</para>
<para>Each of our local recipients comes from a different field, but there are a number of common threads: commitment, integrity and sustained service. That range matters because a strong community needs capability, care, culture and connection. These honours are a reminder that Australia works best when people step up not for recognition but because it's the right thing to do. Behind every recipient is a wider story: families, colleagues, volunteers, team-mates and communities who share the sacrifice that service often requires. That spirit of service is at the very heart of Australia Day and it's at the very heart of who we are as Australians. It's a day not just to look back at our national story but to recognise the everyday actions that continue to shape it.</para>
<para>Across our country, Australians are volunteering, caring, mentoring, protecting and leading, often without fanfare and often while juggling family, competing commitments, work and personal sacrifice. These are the people who keep our communities both strong and resilient. The Australia Day Awards gives us a moment to shine a light on those efforts and to remind ourselves that our national character is built from countless acts of decency and responsibility carried out at the local level. So I say to all recipients across the country but especially to those honoured from my electorate of McPherson on the southern Gold Coast: thank you for what you have done and for the example you set not only for your peers and for your colleagues but for future generations. McPherson is proud of you, and our community is stronger because of your service.</para>
</speech>
</subdebate.1><subdebate.1><subdebateinfo>
          <title>Australia Day Awards and Honours</title>
          <page.no>281</page.no>
        </subdebateinfo><speech>
  <talker>
    <time.stamp>19:24</time.stamp>
    <name role="metadata">Mr LAXALE</name>
    <name.id>299174</name.id>
    <electorate>Bennelong</electorate>
  </talker>
  <para>Australia Day honours are among our nation's most meaningful acknowledgements. They recognise Australians who have gone above and beyond, often quietly and without expectation, to serve others, strengthen institutions and contribute to the common good. Recipients from Bennelong this year exemplify the values of service, integrity and generosity that sit at the heart of our national story.</para>
<para>This year, Bennelong is proud to see two constituents appointed as members of the Order of Australia. Emeritus Professor Prem Ramburut of Lane Cove is recognised for her outstanding contribution to tertiary education. Her impact has been felt nationally and internationally through her leadership in business and management education across African and Asian communities. Through her distinguished career at the University of New South Wales, she has advanced teaching excellence, research capability and gender empowerment on a global scale. Congratulations to her.</para>
<para>Secondly, Christopher Robison AM of Hunters Hill is recognised for his significant service to the law and the legal profession. Across nearly three decades in both civil and criminal jurisdictions, Mr Robison has demonstrated an unwavering commitment to justice. His judgements have been marked by fairness, rigour and humanity, and his long service has strengthened confidence in our legal system.</para>
<para>Two Bennelong constituents have also been appointed as officers of the Order of Australia. Associate Professor David Dossetor of Hunters Hill is recognised for his exceptional service to psychiatry. His contribution to neurodevelopmental and child adolescent mental health research has been profoundly important, particularly for families navigating complex diagnoses. Alongside his clinical and research work, Associate Professor Dossetor's dedication to paediatric education has helped shape the next generation of clinicians. This is well deserved.</para>
<para>Professor Robyn Gallagher AO of North Ryde is recognised for her distinguished service to nursing, cardiovascular health and disease prevention research. Through her work at the University of Sydney, Professor Gallagher has been at the forefront of advancing contemporary health technology, rehabilitation and cognitive impairment research.</para>
<para>Believe it or not, there's more! Five Bennelong residents have been recognised with the Medal of the Order of Australia. The late Dr Christopher Armitage of Greenwich is posthumously honoured for his exceptional service to the judiciary. Dr Armitage served with distinction as a judge of the Compensation Court of New South Wales and was appointed to both the Dust Diseases Tribunal and the District Court of New South Wales. His work delivered fairness and dignity to people facing some of life's most difficult circumstances.</para>
<para>Mrs Nunziata Basile of Gladesville is recognised for her service to seniors. For more than four decades, Mrs Basile has been a tireless community volunteer with the Italio Australian Senior Citizens Group, fostering connection, purpose and joy for older residents right across Bennelong.</para>
<para>We then have the late Mr James 'Jim' Butt, who is posthumously recognised for his outstanding service to veterans and their families. For more than 50 years, Mr Butt volunteered in the Gladesville and Ryde communities, including a decade—a decade!—as president of the Gladesville RSL and community club. He's remembered for his leadership, his advocacy and his dedication to supporting veterans and strengthening local community ties.</para>
<para>We then have Mr Benjamin Gregory of Gladesville, who is recognised for his service to rugby union, across junior, senior and professional levels. His ongoing involvement with New South Wales rugby and the Hunters Hill Rugby Cup reflects a lifelong commitment to grassroots sports.</para>
<para>We then have Mr George Moscos of Ryde, recognised for his service to community and education, being a former president of the North Ryde Soccer Club and St Michael's Greek Orthodox Church in Crows Nest.</para>
<para>Finally, we have two recipients of the Public Service Medal. Ms Margaret Baker of Marsfield is recognised for her service to public education in New South Wales. Ms Julie Ravallion of Eastwood is recognised for her more than 30 years of outstanding contributions to environmental planning and natural resource management in the New South Wales public sector.</para>
<para>To all of this year's Australia Day honourees from Bennelong, we say this: your service reflects the very best of our community, from Lane Cove and Hunters Hill to Ryde, Gladesville, Eastwood, Marsfield and North Ryde. You've strengthened our schools, our courts, our hospitals, our education facilities and our community.</para>
<para>Debate adjourned.</para>
<para>Federation Chamber adjourned at 19:30</para>
</speech>
</subdebate.1></debate>
  </fedchamb.xscript>
</hansard>